Звільнення від відбування покарання з випробуванням за тяжкі корисливі злочини проти власності: проблеми судової практики

The article investigates problems of release from serving the punishment with probation for heavy sordid crimes against property. Theoretical and applied problems of accounting of the facts of the case by court are covered at the solution of a question of a possibility of the correction condemned for these crimes without serving the imposed sentence.It is noted that one of the most widespread criminal and legal measures applied for property crimes on an equal basis with punishment is release from serving the punishment with probation. On the basis of studying special literature, a conclusion is drawn that problems of application of release from serving the punishment with probation for certain types of crimes are investigated insufficiently.1,576 judgments made by courts of Ukraine during 2006–2018, in which cases concerning convicts for heavy sordid crimes against property (in particular, according to the p. 4 of Art. 185, the p. 3 of Art. 186, the p. 2 of Art. 187, the p. 3 of Art. 190, the p. 2 of Art. 289, the p. 3 of Art. 297 of Criminal Code) resolved an issue of application of Art. 75 of CC, are studied for this purpose. Establishment of circumstances by which we characterize the seriousness of crime, the identity of the guilty person, and other facts of the case considered by courts at application (application cancellation) of Art. 75 of Criminal Code in this category of affairs became a result of the carried-out analysis.Studying of the court practice showed that release from serving the punishment with probation for heavy sordid crimes against property is applied mainly to convicts who committed a crime for the first time; in a sober state; did not cause heavy consequences; voluntarily paid sustained losses (eliminated the done harm); carried out at crime execution in partnership in an inactive (minor) role, without application of excessive violence to the victim; admitted guilt and frankly regretted; actively promoted crime detection; work (training) is positively characterized at the place of residence; work (study); have family and also support minor children or disabled parents; suffer from different diseases.Examples from court practice showed law enforcement problems in this sphere.Article received 09.04.2018У статті досліджено проблеми звільнення від відбування покарання з випробуванням за тяжкі корисливі злочини проти власності. Висвітлено теоретичні та прикладні проблеми врахування судом обставин справи при вирішенні питання про можливість виправлення засудженого за ці злочини без відбування призначеного покарання.Матеріал надійшов 09.04.201

Інститут пробації за проєктом нового Кримінального кодексу України

The appearance of new criminal law institutes in the legislation requires scientific justification. The purpose of the article is to determine the author’s vision of the probation institution model in the draft of the new Criminal Code of Ukraine. In order to achieve the set goal, using historical legal, comparative, dialectical, systemic, hermeneutic, and other methods, international standards of treatment of offenders, the national and foreign legislation, doctrinal provisions were analyzed, formulated proposals for the project of the new Criminal Code of Ukraine were highlighted.According to the results of the conducted research, the provisions of the legal institution of probation in the project of the new Criminal Code of Ukraine have been scientifically substantiated. The considerations that guided the working group on the development of new criminal legislation when formulating new legislative provisions are given. The definition of the concept of probation and means of probation is substantiated, and the persons to whom probation is applied are outlined. Arguments are given regarding the expediency of establishing the general principles of probation and the rules for canceling, changing or supplementing probation measures. The duration of probation for different persons, as well as the legal consequences of probation, are determined.Probation as a criminal legal tool is a control, corrective and supervisory tool defined by the criminal law, which involves restrictions on the exercise of human rights or freedoms and is applied by the court to a person convicted of a crime, with the aim of ensuring the safety of society and encouraging this person to obey the law. At the same time, probation as a criminal law institution is an externally designed structural element of the field of criminal law (its General part), which constitutes a system of criminal law norms designed to comprehensively regulate social relations arising between the state and a person convicted of a crime, with the aim of ensuring society and encouraging this person to obey the law.The system of means of probation is a complex integrated complex of socially determined, qualitatively defined, interconnected and interacting elements, which have an integral structure. According to the content and functionality, the working group proposes to combine the means of probation into three groups: 1) control; 2) corrective; 3) supervisory.The positive consequences of probation in the form of non-fulfillment of the prescribed punishment occur for the person who behaved positively during probation. Probation has proven its effectiveness in practice, as more than 90 % of convicts to whom it is applied have positive consequences. The negative consequences of probation arise in connection with a person’s negative behavior and are differentiated for different categories of persons.Поява в законодавстві нових кримінально-правових інститутів потребує наукового обґрунтування. Мета статті полягає у визначенні авторського бачення моделі інституту пробації в проєкті нового Кримінального кодексу України. Для досягнення поставленої мети з використанням історико-правового, компаративістського, діалектичного, системного, герменевтичного та інших методів проаналізовано міжнародні стандарти поводження з правопорушниками, національне та іноземне законодавство, доктринальні положення, висвітлено сформульовані пропозиції до проєкту нового Кримінального кодексу України.За результатами проведеного дослідження науково обґрунтовано положення правового інституту пробації в проєкті нового КК. Наведено міркування, якими керувалася робоча група з питань розробки нового кримінального законодавства, формулюючи нові законодавчі положення. Обґрунтовано визначення поняття пробації та засобів пробації, окреслено осіб, до яких застосовується пробація. Наведено аргументи щодо доцільності закріплення загальних засад пробації та правил скасування, зміни або доповнення засобів пробації. Визначено тривалість пробації щодо різних осіб, а також правові наслідки пробації

Mediació al pre-concurs. Alternativa al concurs de creditors : reflexions sobre l'estatut del Mediador Concursal i el seu paper a l'adopció del Acord Extrajudicial de Pagament

Orientada a la modernització de la justícia espanyola, la Llei Concursal ha introduït l'Acord Extrajudicial de Pagaments com a mecanisme extrajudicial pel tractament de la insolvència i per evitar l'entrada al concurs de creditors a través del procediment mediador que serà guiat per un expert negociador i assessor independent. Aquesta maniobra legislativa d'introducció de la mediació al marc del dret concursal és un pas que pressuposa un cert grau de risc. Al llarg d'aquest treball em proposo estudiar en detall l'eficàcia i les característiques d'aquesta innovadora creació legislativa i a més la forma en què es troba regulada al nostre Ordenament jurídic

Crystal structures of binuclear Bi(III) chloride and bromide complexes with some cations — Alkylated pyridine derivatives

© 2017, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. By a reaction of [BiX 6 ] 3– with salts of various N-alkylated pyridine derivatives in 2M HX (X = Cl, Br), (N-BzPy) 4 [Bi 2 X 10 ] complexes (X = Cl (1), Br (2), (4-MePyH) 4 [Bi 2 Cl 10 ] (3)) are obtained and structurally characterized

Heterogeneous bromination of alkenes using Bi(III) polybromide complexes as {Br<inf>2</inf>} source

© 2016 The Royal Society of Chemistry.A new polybromide Bi(iii) complex (PyH)3{[Bi2Br9](Br2)} was synthesized and characterized by XRD and other methods. This compound is able to act as a selective bromination agent towards various types of substituted alkenes

On Indefinite Special Lagrangian Submanifolds in Indefinite Complex Euclidean Spaces

In this paper, we show that the calibrated method can also be used to detect indefinite minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in $C_k^m$. We introduce the notion of indefinite special Lagrangian submanifolds in $C_k^m$ and generalize the well-known work of Harvey-Lawson to the indefinite case.Comment: 24 page

Multicomponent Sn–Mo–O-containing films formed in anodic alumina matrixes by ionic layer deposition

Multicomponent metal oxide compounds of the composition Sn–Mo–O, Sn–Ni–Mo–O and Sn–Bi–Mo–O were formed by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method deposition into anodic alumina matrixes. The growth mechanism of the Sn–Mo–O-containing films in the porous anodic alu- mina was investigated. It was found that the degree of pore filling, specific thickness and surface mor- phology of the deposited layer depend not only on the number of cycle’s treatment, but also on the composition of the used solutions. The morphology of Sn–Mo–O and Sn–Ni–Mo–O surfaces had granular structures, while Sn–Bi–Mo–O layer had flake-like structure. The differences in microstructure and depo- sition of the layers on the surface of the matrixes can be explained by the insufficient activation of anodic alumina pores before deposition. The investigations of the formed layers composition by the electron- probe X-ray spectral microanalysis showed that the ratio of tin to molybdenum in tin-molybdenum con- taining oxides changes. The Sn/Mo atomic ratio for Sn–Mo–O layer is 1.29/2.72; for Sn–Ni–Mo–O layer is 5.83/4.85; for Sn–Bi–Mo–O layer is 0.60/0.87. The using of SILAR method allows forming multicomponent films in the anodic alumina matrixes, which have great potential to applicate in high-sensitivity gas sensors