Reduced heat flow in light water (H2O) due to heavy water (D2O)

The flow of heat, from top to bottom, in a column of light water can be decreased by over 1000% with the addition of heavy water. A column of light water cools from 25 C to 0 C in 11 hours, however, with the addition of heavy water it takes more than 100 hours. There is a concentration dependence where the cooling time increases as the concentration of added (D2O) increases, with a near maximum being reached with as little as 2% of (D2O) added. This phenomenon will not occur if the water is mixed after the heavy water is added.Comment: 18 pages, 22 figures, PD

Compact Toroidal Ion Trap Design and Optimization

We present the design of a new type of compact toroidal, or "halo", ion trap. Such traps may be useful for mass spectrometry, studying small Coulomb cluster rings, quantum information applications, or other quantum simulations where a ring topology is of interest. We present results from a Monte Carlo optimization of the trap design parameters using finite-element analysis simulations that minimizes higher-order anharmonic terms in the trapping pseudopotential, while maintaining complete control over ion placement at the pseudopotential node in 3D using static bias fields. These simulations are based on a practical electrode design using readily-available parts, yet can be easily scaled to any size trap with similar electrode spacings. We also derive the conditions for a crystal phase transition for two ions in the compact halo trap, the first non-trivial phase transition for Coulomb crystals in this geometry.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figure

Mobility of Dislocations in Aluminum

The velocities of individual dislocations of edge and mixed types in pure aluminum single crystals were determined as a function of applied‐resolved shear stress and temperature. The dislocation velocities were determined from measurements of the displacements of individual dislocations produced by stress pulses of known duration. The Berg‐Barrett x‐ray technique was employed to observe the dislocations, and stress pulses of 15 to 108 μsec duration were applied by propagating torsional waves along the axes of [111]‐oriented cylindrical crystals. Resolved shear stresses up to 16×10^6 dynes∕cm^2 were applied at temperatures ranging from −150° to +70°C, and dislocation velocities were found to vary from 10 to 2800 cm∕sec over these ranges of stress and temperature. The experimental conditions were such that the dislocation velocities were not significantly influenced by impurities, dislocation curvature, dislocation‐dislocation interactions, or long‐range internal stress fields in the crystals. The velocity of dislocations is found to be linearly proportional to the applied‐resolved shear stress, and to decrease with increasing temperature. Qualitative comparison of these results with existing theories leads to the conclusion that the mobility of individual dislocations in pure aluminum is governed by dislocation‐phonon interactions. The phonon‐viscosity theory of dislocation mobility can be brought into agreement with the experimental results by reasonable choices of the values of certain constants appearing in the theory

How young people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds experience mental health: some insights for mental health nurses

This article reports on a part of a study which looked at the mental health of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) young people. The research sought to learn from CALD young people, carers, and service providers experiences relevant to the mental health of this group of young people. The ultimate goal was to gain insights that would inform government policy, service providers, ethnic communities and most importantly the young people themselves. To this end, qualitative interviews were undertaken with 123 CALD young people, 41 carers and 14 mental health service providers in Queensland, Western Australia and South Australia. Only one aspect of the study will be dealt with here, namely the views of the young CALD participants, which included risk factors, coping strategies and recommendations about how they could be supported in their struggle to maintain mental health. One of the most important findings of the study relates to the resilience of these young people and an insight into the strategies that they used to cope. The efforts of these young people to assist us in our attempts to understand their situation deserve to be rewarded by improvements in the care that we provide. To this end this article sets out to inform mental health nurses of the results of the study so that they will be in a position to better understand the needs and strengths of their CALD clients and be in a better position to work effectively with them

A finite element analysis of a silicon based double quantum dot structure

We present the results of a finite-element solution of the Laplace equation for the silicon-based trench-isolated double quantum-dot and the capacitively-coupled single-electron transistor device architecture. This system is a candidate for charge and spin-based quantum computation in the solid state, as demonstrated by recent coherent-charge oscillation experiments. Our key findings demonstrate control of the electric potential and electric field in the vicinity of the double quantum-dot by the electric potential applied to the in-plane gates. This constitutes a useful theoretical analysis of the silicon-based architecture for quantum information processing applications

Anticipation and transfer of expert pattern perception

Conference Theme: Meeting New Challenges and Bridging Cultural Gaps in Sport and Exercise PsychologyINTRODUCTION: When an observer views a moving object that is abruptly halted, the human perceptual system continues to extrapolate the object’s movement, predicting it’s likely pathway and misrepresenting the final stopping point as being further along the original trajectory (Freyd & Johnson, 1987). This extrapolation of the temporal features is typically referred to as “representational momentum” (Freyd, 1987; Freyd & Finke, 1984; Intraub, 2002). It has been suggested that this phenomenon occurs because participants anticipate the trajectory of the object and remember that object by integrating its predicted motion with perceptions of its implied acceleration and velocity (Didierjean & Marmèche, 2005; Finke, Freyd, & Shyi, 1986). This anticipatory trace is then stored in memory and can be accessed for subsequent recall and recognition …postprin

Transport policy and health inequalities: a health impact assessment of Edinburgh's transport policy

Health impact assessment (HIA) can be used to examine the relationships between inequalities and health. This HIA of Edinburgh's transport policy demonstrates how HIA can examine how different transport policies can affect different population groupings to varying degrees. In this case, Edinburgh's economy is based on tourism, financial services and Government bodies. These need a good transport infrastructure, which maintains a vibrant city centre. A transport policy that promotes walking, cycling and public transport supports this and is also good for health. The HIA suggested that greater spend on public transport and supporting sustainable modes of transport was beneficial to health, and offered scope to reduce inequalities. This message was understood by the City Council and influenced the development of the city's transport and land-use strategies. The paper discusses how HIA can influence public policy

BEEF IN JAPAN: THE CHALLENGE FOR UNITED STATES EXPORTS

International Relations/Trade, Livestock Production/Industries,