Liver resection and transplantation for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

The incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is increasing worldwide. Although several advances have been made in the past decades to better understand this complex malignancy and to develop new treatment strategies, the prognosis of iCCA remains dismal. Liver resection (LR) is the mainstay of treatment but only a minority of patients are amenable to surgery. In most cases, patients with iCCA will require a major hepatectomy for complete resection of the tumour. This may be contraindicated or increase the surgical burden in patients with chronic liver disease and small remnant liver volume. Lymphadenectomy with a minimal harvest of 6 lymph nodes is considered adequate, as microscopic nodal metastases have been shown in more than 40% of patients. Current 5-year overall survival following LR is in the range of 25%\u201340%. For locally advanced disease not amenable to upfront LR, neoadjuvant locoregional therapies may be used with the aim of converting these patients to resectability or even to transplantation in well-selected cases. Recent studies have shown that liver transplantation (LT) might be a treatment option for patients with unresectable very-early iCCA (i.e. 642 cm), with survival outcomes comparable to those of hepatocellular carcinoma. In patients with unresectable, advanced tumours, confined to the liver who achieve sustained response to neoadjuvant treatment, LT may be considered an option within prospective protocols. The role of adjuvant therapies in iCCA is still under debate. Herein, we review the recent advances in the surgical treatment of iCCA and examine its correlation with locoregional therapies, adjuvant and neo-adjuvant strategies

Effects of Co substitution on the structural and magnetic properties of Sr(Ni1−x_{1-x}Cox_x)2_2P2_2

Although SrNi$_2$P$_2$ adopts the common ThCr$_2$Si$_2$ structure for $T\geq 325$ K, being in an uncollapsed tetragonal (ucT) state, on cooling below 325 K it adopts a one-third collapsed orthorhombic (tcO) phase where one out of every three P-rows bond across the Sr layers. On the other hand, SrCo$_2$P$_2$ only exhibits the uncollapsed ThCr$_2$Si$_2$ structure from room temperature down to 1.8 K. Neither SrNi$_2$P$_2$ nor SrCo$_2$P$_2$ manifest magnetic transitions down to 50 mK and 2 K, respectively. In this work we report the effects of Co substitution in Sr(Ni$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$P$_2$, which allows for tuning the transition between the one-third collapsed and the uncollapsed structure. We find a rapid decrease of the one-third collapsed structural transition temperature with increasing Co fraction, until reaching full suppression for $x \geq 0.1$. Substitution levels in the range $0.11\leq x\leq 0.58$ show no signs of any transition down to 1.8 K in the magnetization or resistance measurements in the range $1.8\ \text{K}\leq T\leq 300\ \text{K}$. However, different magnetically ordered states emerge for $x\geq 0.65$, and disappear for $x\geq 0.99$, recovering the known paramagnetic properties of the parent compound SrCo$_2$P$_2$. These results are summarized in a phase diagram, built upon the characterization done on single crystals with different Co fraction. Both the magnetic and structural properties are compared to other systems with ThCr$_2$Si$_2$ structure that exhibit magnetic ordering and collapsed tetragonal transitions. The magnetic ordering and moment formation are well described by Takahashi's spin fluctuation theory of itinerant electron magnetism.Comment: 17 pages, 20 figure

Influência da densidade de cultivo de Brachiaria ruziziensis sobre a germinação de apotécios de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum é o agente causal do mofo branco em mais de 400 espécies hospedeiras e sobrevive no solo por vários anos por meio de estruturas de resistência (escleródios), e que dificilmente são afetados por fungicidas ou por algumas práticas culturais. Estas estruturas tendem a se esgotar após sua germinação e, desta forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo de verificar o efeito da espécie não-hospedeira Brachiaria ruziziensis cultivada sob diferentes densidades na germinação carpogênica de escleródios. Fo

Co-existing structures in 105Ru

New positive-parity states, having a band-like structure, were observed in 105Ru. The nucleus was produced in induced fission reaction and the prompt gamma-rays, emitted from the fragments, were detected by the EUROBALL III multi-detector array. The partial scheme of excited 105Ru levels is analyzed within the Triaxial-Rotor-plus-Particle approach

Test of the generalized Brink-Axel hypothesis in ⁶⁴ ⁶⁵Ni

Previously published particle-γ coincidence data on the 64Ni(p,p′γ) 64Ni and 64Ni(dpγ)65Ni reactions were further analyzed to study the statistical properties of γ decay in64, 65Ni. To do so, the γ-decay to the quasicontinuum region and discrete low-lying states was investigated at γ -ray energies of 2.0–9.6 and 1.6–6.1 MeV in 64 Ni and 65 Ni, respectively. In particular, the dependence of the γ-strength function with initial and final excitation energy was studied to test the validity of the generalized Brink-Axel hypothesis. Finally, the role of fluctuations in transition strengths was estimated as a function of γ-ray and excitation energy. The γ-strength function is consistent with the hypothesis of the independence of initial excitation energy, in accordance with the generalized Brink-Axel hypothesis. The results show that the γdecay to low-lying levels displays large fluctuations for low initial excitation energies.We are also grateful for the financial support received from the Research Council of Norway (NFR). S.S. and G.M.T. acknowledge funding under NFR project Grants No. 210007 and No. 262952/F20. A.C.L. acknowledges financial support from the ERC-STG2014 under Grant No. 637686

Band structure of 235 U

Over a period of several years we have performed three separate experiments at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's 88-Inch Cyclotron in which 235U (thick target) was Coulomb-excited. The program involved stand-alone experiments with Gammmasphere and with the 8pi Spectrometer using 136Xe beams at 720 MeV, and a CHICO-Gammasphere experiment with a 40Ca beam at 184 MeV. In addition to extending the known negative-parity bands to high spin, we have assigned levels in some seven positive-parity bands which are in some cases (e.g., [631]1/2, [624]7/2, and [622]5/2) strongly populated by E3 excitation. The CHICO data have been analyzed to extract E2 and E3 matrix elements from the observed yields. Additionally, many M1 matrix elements could be extracted from the γ-ray branching ratios. A number of new features have emerged, including the unexpected attenuation of magnetic transitions between states of the same Nilsson multiplet, the breakdown of Coriolis staggering at high spin, and the effect of E3 collectivity on Coriolis interactions

Vibrational and rotational sequences in 101 Mo and 103,4 Ru studied via multinucleon transfer reactions

The near yrast states of 101 Mo and 103,104 Ru have been studied following their population via heavy ion multinucleon transfer reactions between a 136 Xe beam and a thin, self supporting 100 Mo target. The ground state sequence in 104 Ru can be understood as demonstrating a simple evolution from a quasi vibrational structure at lower spins to statically deformed, quasi rotational excitation involving the population of a pair of low Omega h11 2 neutron orbitals. The effect of the decoupled h11 2 orbital on this vibration to rotational evolution is demonstrated by an extension of the E GOS prescription to include odd A nuclei. The experimental results are also compared with self consistent Total Routhian Surface calculations which also highlight the polarising role of the highly aligned neutron h11 2 orbital in these nucle