3D Well-composed Polyhedral Complexes

A binary three-dimensional (3D) image $I$ is well-composed if the boundary surface of its continuous analog is a 2D manifold. Since 3D images are not often well-composed, there are several voxel-based methods ("repairing" algorithms) for turning them into well-composed ones but these methods either do not guarantee the topological equivalence between the original image and its corresponding well-composed one or involve sub-sampling the whole image. In this paper, we present a method to locally "repair" the cubical complex $Q(I)$ (embedded in $\mathbb{R}^3$) associated to $I$ to obtain a polyhedral complex $P(I)$ homotopy equivalent to $Q(I)$ such that the boundary of every connected component of $P(I)$ is a 2D manifold. The reparation is performed via a new codification system for $P(I)$ under the form of a 3D grayscale image that allows an efficient access to cells and their faces

Topological evaluation of volume reconstructions by voxel carving

Space or voxel carving [1, 4, 10, 15] is a technique for creating a three-dimensional reconstruction of an object from a series of two-dimensional images captured from cameras placed around the object at different viewing angles. However, little work has been done to date on evaluating the quality of space carving results. This paper extends the work reported in [8], where application of persistent homology was initially proposed as a tool for providing a topological analysis of the carving process along the sequence of 3D reconstructions with increasing number of cameras. We give now a more extensive treatment by: (1) developing the formal framework by which persistent homology can be applied in this context; (2) computing persistent homology of the 3D reconstructions of 66 new frames, including different poses, resolutions and camera orders; (3) studying what information about stability, topological correctness and influence of the camera orders in the carving performance can be drawn from the computed barcodes

Impacto de la salud oral en la calidad de vida de la gestante

Objetivo Identificar los factores determinantes de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral (OHIP-14) en una población de mujeres embarazadas.Métodos En el estudio participaron 90 pacientes embarazadas, 45 inmigrantes y 45 españolas. Las participantes completaron el cuestionario de OHIP-14 (versión española) y se les exploró el índice CAOD (presencia de caries, ausencia de dientes por caries y dientes obturados) en el segundo trimestre de embarazo. Se realizó un estudio analítico bivariante y multivariante.Resultados La edad media de las participantes inmigrantes fue 30,2 años y de las españolas de 34,4. La puntuación media de OHIP-14 fue de 5,83±6,57, siendo en elgrupo de inmigrantes de 8,15 y en las nacionales de 3,51, manifestando una diferenciaestadísticamente significativa (p=0.001). Las puntuaciones más altas del OHIP-14se presentaron en los dominios de dolor (110), seguido del malestar psicológico (81). Tomando como punto de corte el valor de la mediana en la puntuación del OHIP-14 (≥3), el Odds ratio de sentir una salud oral que interfiere en la calidad de vida fue de 3,294y este riesgo se potenció con el padecimiento de caries (4,323) pero no con la edad.Conclusiones Dado que la experiencia de caries, pudiera ser uno de los determinantes en la valoración de percibir una peor calidad de vida oral durante el embarazo, se necesitarían más estudios que lo corroborasen, y así ampliar las expectativas preventivasen el desarrollo de la salud oral por parte de la política sanitaria.Objective To identify the factors that determine quality of life related to oral health (OHIP-14) in a population of pregnant women.Methods This study included ninety pregnant women, 45 immigrants and 45 from Spain. Participants completed the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-14) –Spanish version– and the DMFT index (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) was explored during the second trimester of pregnancy. A bivariate and multivariate analyticalstudy was performed.Results The average age of immigrant participants was 30.2, and of Spanish women 34.4. The mean OHIP-14 score was 5.83±6.57 (8.15 in the immigrant group and 3.51 in the Spanish group), showing a statistically significant difference (p=0.001). The highestOHIP-14 scores were related to pain (110), followed by psychological distress (81). Considering the median value in the OHIP-14 score as a cut-off (≥3), the odds ratio fororal health that interferes with quality of life was 3 294, and this risk was increased by caries (4 323) but not by age.Conclusions Since the DMFT could be one of the determining factors for worst quality of life in pregnant patients, more studies to corroborate this information are necessary in order to expand preventive expectations in the practice of oral health in relation to policies

Comparative wood anatomy of tree native species of Schinopsis (Anacardiaceae)

Schinopsis, género endémico de Sudamérica, incluye ocho especies que habitan en los bosques xerófilos chaqueños de Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay y Brasil. Son cuatro las especies nativas de Argentina, dos de gran importancia económica. El objetivo del trabajo es comparar anatómicamente el xilema de: S. lorentzii (Griseb.) Engl., S. balansae Engl. y Schinopsis marginata Engl. Se trabajó con 5 árboles por especie. Se usó la terminología del Comité de Nomenclatura de IAWA y Tortorelli en las descripciones. Se utilizaron los índices de vulnerabilidad y mesomorfía propuestos por Carlquist para determinar el tipo de comportamiento. Se analizó comparativamente los rasgos anatómicos relevantes. Se analizaron estadísticamente cinco variables cuantitativas: frecuencia de poros/mm2 (Fv); diámetro tangencial (Vd) y longitud de los elementos vasculares (VI); altura del radio (Rh). El leño homogéneo, presenta diferencias en las variables cuantitativas como frecuencia, diámetro y longitud de vaso. El rasgo anatómico predominante es la presencia de canales secretores de tanino radiales y vasos del duramen ocluidos por tilosis. Los leños de S. lorentzii y S. marginata mostraron gran afinidad y rasgos mesofiticos con tendencia a xerofíticos; mientras que S. balansae presenta signos mesofíticos.Schinopsis, endemic genus of South America, includes eight species that inhabit the Chaco dry forests of Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil. Four species are native to Argentina; two of great economic importance. The aim of this work is to perform comparative wood anatomy of S. lorentzii, S. balansae and S. marginata. It worked with 5 trees of each species. The terminology of IAWA Committee on Nomenclature and Tortorelli were used in wood descriptions. Vulnerability and mesomorphy index proposed by Carlquist, to determine the type of behavior, were used. Relevant anatomical features were comparatively analyzed. Five variables were statistically analyzed: vessel frequency/ mm2 (Fv); tangential vessel diameter (Vd); length of vascular elements (VI) and ray height (Rh). The anatomy of wood is homogeneous, with significant differences in the variables: frequency, diameter and vessel length. Secretory radial tannin channels and tilosis occluding vessel, are predominant anatomical features. Wood anatomy of S. lorentzii and S. marginata showed high affinity and mesophitic to xeric trait; while S. balansae presents mesophitic signs.Fil: Gimenez, Ana Maria Isabel. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales. Instituto de Silvicultura y Manejo de Bosques; ArgentinaFil: Calatayu, Federico. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales; ArgentinaFil: Diaz Zirpolo, Jose Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Figueroa, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Damian. Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica; Argentin

Effect of microencapsulated phenolic compound extracts of Maclura tinctoria (L.) Steud on growth performance and humoral immunity markers of white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei, Boone, 1931) juveniles

Aim of study: The effect of microencapsulated phenolic compound extracts of Maclura tinctoria (MTBE) on growth performance and humoral immunity markers of the white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles (0.5 ± 0.2 g initial weight) was studied.Area of study: M. tinctoria was collected from Hampolol, Campeche, and Arroyo del Agua, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico.Material and methods: Three MTBE inclusions (0.5, 1, and 2.5 g MTBE/kg, Purina®) were compared with a control commercial feed (Purina®) during 30 days. Nine phenolic acids, nine flavonols, four dihydro-flavonoids, four flavones, and seven unidentified phenolic compounds were determined fin the MTBE using a Perkin Elmer® HPLC chromatograph and diode array-detection.Main results: The mean concentrations of total phenolic compounds, total flavonoid compounds, and condensed tannins were 198.05 ± 5.59 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) g-1 dw, 78.57 ± 1.80 quercetin equivalent g-1, and 28.32 ± 0.33 mg epicatechin equivalent g-1, respectively. The ferric reducing antioxidant power and the total antioxidant capacity, respectively, averaged 28.32 mg GAE mL-1 and 10.9 mg ascorbic acid equivalent mL-1. Survival, weight gain, and specific growth rate of L. vannamei were similar among the experimental diets. The dietary inclusion of MTBE at 0.5 g/kg of food showed significant higher (p < 0.05) plasma hemocyte lysate protein (1.35 ± 0.055 µg mL-1), prophenoloxidase (0.47 ± 0.15, Abs. 492 nm), and superoxide anion (O2.-) activity (0.21 ± 0.07, Abs. 630 nm).Research highlights: The supplementation of MTBE at 0.5 g/kg of food could be considered as a potential alternative additive for L. vannamei diet in the juvenile production, since it improved the response of the humoral immunity markers at post larval life stages, when cultivated shrimp are more susceptible to be infected by pathogens

RENTABILIDAD DEL NOGAL PECANERO BAJO SISTEMAS DE PRODUCCIÓN DE MEDIANA TECNOLOGÃA EN DELICIAS, CHIHUAHUA

Pecans (Carya Illinoinensis [Wangenh] K. Koch) are a native food of North America and represent a high economic crop value in the north of Mexico, mainly in the state of Chihuahua, the biggest pecan nut producer in this country. The goal of this study was to evaluate the profitability of pecan orchards in the municipality of Delicias, Chihuahua. Some microeconomic and market information from 2008 were collected from pecan growers and specialists through the technique of Experts' Panel. Standard financial analysis and a Monte Carlo simulation model were used to evaluate the probabilities of risk for net cash income (NCI) and return on capital employed (RCE). The NCI obtained was $277,000 and RC 111.7%, indicating that pecan orchards show high profitability when is produced under medium-technology conditions in the municipality of Delicias, Chihuahua.Carya Illinoinensis, production costs, Monte Carlo simulation., Agribusiness,