GraphX: Unifying Data-Parallel and Graph-Parallel Analytics

From social networks to language modeling, the growing scale and importance of graph data has driven the development of numerous new graph-parallel systems (e.g., Pregel, GraphLab). By restricting the computation that can be expressed and introducing new techniques to partition and distribute the graph, these systems can efficiently execute iterative graph algorithms orders of magnitude faster than more general data-parallel systems. However, the same restrictions that enable the performance gains also make it difficult to express many of the important stages in a typical graph-analytics pipeline: constructing the graph, modifying its structure, or expressing computation that spans multiple graphs. As a consequence, existing graph analytics pipelines compose graph-parallel and data-parallel systems using external storage systems, leading to extensive data movement and complicated programming model. To address these challenges we introduce GraphX, a distributed graph computation framework that unifies graph-parallel and data-parallel computation. GraphX provides a small, core set of graph-parallel operators expressive enough to implement the Pregel and PowerGraph abstractions, yet simple enough to be cast in relational algebra. GraphX uses a collection of query optimization techniques such as automatic join rewrites to efficiently implement these graph-parallel operators. We evaluate GraphX on real-world graphs and workloads and demonstrate that GraphX achieves comparable performance as specialized graph computation systems, while outperforming them in end-to-end graph pipelines. Moreover, GraphX achieves a balance between expressiveness, performance, and ease of use

JUNO as a probe of the pseudo-Dirac nature using solar neutrinos

It remains a possibility that neutrinos are pseudo-Dirac states, such that a generation is composed of two maximally mixed Majorana neutrinos separated by a very small mass difference. We explore the physics potential of the JUNO experiment in constraining this possibility using the measurement of solar neutrinos. In particular, we investigate cases where one or three sterile states are present in addition to the active states. We consider two scenarios: one where JUNO’s energy threshold allows for the measurement of pp solar neutrinos, and the case where JUNO can only measure 7Be neutrinos and above. We find that JUNO will be able to constrain pseudo-Dirac mass splittings of δm2≳2.9×10−13eV2 for the scenario including pp solar neutrinos, and δm2≳1.9×10−12eV2 when the measurement only considers 7Be monochromatic neutrinos, at the 3σ C.L. Thus, including pp neutrinos will be crucial for JUNO to improve current constraints on the pseudo-Dirac scenario from solar neutrinos

Obesidad pregestacional como factor de riesgo para periodontitis materna en gestantes del hospital Belén de Trujillo

Demostrar que la obesidad pregestacional es factor de riesgo para periodontitis materna en gestantes atendidas en el Hospital Belén de Trujillo. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se llevó a cabo un estudio de tipo analítico, observacional, retrospectivo, de casos y controles. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 140 gestantes; las cuales fueron divididas en 2 grupos: con periodontitis y sin periodontitis; se calculó el odds ratio y la prueba chi cuadrado. RESULTADOS: No se apreciaron diferencias significativas respecto a las variables edad materna, grado de paridad ni procedencia entre gestantes con periodontitis materna o sin ella. La frecuencia de obesidad pregestacional en gestantes con periodontitis fue de 22%. La frecuencia de obesidad pregestacional en gestantes sin periodontitis fue de 9%. La obesidad pregestacional es factor de riesgo para periodontitis materna con un odds ratio de 3.16, el cual fue significativo 8p<0.05). CONCLUSIONES: La obesidad pregestacional es factor de riesgo para periodontitis materna en gestantes atendidas en el Hospital Belén de Trujillo.To demonstrate if pregnancy obesity is a risk factor associated to periodontal disease in pregnancy at the Belen Trujillo Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An analytical, observational, retrospective, cases and controls study was carried out. The study population consisted of 140 pregnancy women; which were divided into 2 groups: with or without periodontal disease the odds ratio and chi-square test were calculated. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the study groups in relation to the variables age, gender or origin. The frequency of pregnancy obesity in patients with periodontal disease was 22%. The frequency of pregnancy obesity in patients without periodontal disease was 9%. Pregnancy obesity is a risk factor associated to periodontal disease in pregnancy at the Belen Trujillo Hospital with an odds ratio of 3.16 which was significant (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy obesity is a risk factor associated to periodontal disease in pregnancy at the Belen Trujillo Hospital

Conceptuality in Relation: Sarah Franklin in Conversation with Silvia Posocco, Paul Boyce, and EJ Gonzalez-Polledo

Sarah Franklin in conversation with Silvia Posocco, Paul Boyce, and EJ Gonzalez-Polledo. In a conversation held in Cambridge in March 2018, Sarah Franklin reflects on the inspiration/influence that Marilyn Strathern’s work has exerted over her research trajectory and career at the intersections between anthropology, sociology, science studies and gender theory. This relation extends from their encounter at the University of Manchester in the late 1980s to Franklin’s editorial work on Strathern’s ‘lost manuscript’ originally written in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea, in 1974 and published as Before and After Gender in 2016. In the interview, Franklin unpacks how her engagement with Marilyn Strathern shaped her ethnographic approach to scientists’ work in the field of reproduction, notably assisted conception technologies as well as cloning, and, more recently human embryonic stem cell derivation. Franklin’s project has consistently focused on exploring the multiple dimensions of conception as this process is recontextualised through ethnographic practices of re-description. Franklin argues that conception is queer in the sense that it does not fit into normative narratives of what reproduction is like, but rather reveals genealogy as a normative fiction in social and scientific practice

MLI: An API for Distributed Machine Learning

MLI is an Application Programming Interface designed to address the challenges of building Machine Learn- ing algorithms in a distributed setting based on data-centric computing. Its primary goal is to simplify the development of high-performance, scalable, distributed algorithms. Our initial results show that, relative to existing systems, this interface can be used to build distributed implementations of a wide variety of common Machine Learning algorithms with minimal complexity and highly competitive performance and scalability

Diseño de un sistema de protección para el generador eléctrico de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi La Maná

Generators represent overvalued equipment in a power electrical system and are subjected, more than other systems, to abnormal functioning conditions, that is why there has to be a special care in the protection system necessary for the generator. The actual Project is a protection system for a diesel emergency generator. The electrical protection makes up an indispensable system for any kind of electrical installation, in the case of a protection system for a generator, the protection has to do with high standards of abnormal functioning in comparison with the protection of the element of the systemLos generadores representan el equipo con uno de los costes más elevados en un sistema eléctrico de potencia y se encuentran sometidos, más que ningún otro equipo del sistema, a los más diversos tipos de condiciones anormales, de ahí el especial cuidado que había que prestar para la realización del sistema de protecciones necesarias a aplicar al generador

The Role of Astrocytes in Remyelination.

Remyelination is the regeneration of myelin sheaths following demyelination. This regenerative process is critical for the re-establishment of axonal conduction velocity and metabolic support to the axons. Successful remyelination in the CNS generally depends on the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). However, other cell types play critical roles in establishing where a lesion is conducive for regeneration. In the last few years, several studies have described beneficial and detrimental roles played by astrocytes in remyelination. This review will discuss recent developments in the concept of astrocyte reactivity, what is known about the astrocytic contribution to remyelination, and highlight future avenues of investigation.The authors’ laboratory is supported by funding from the UK Multiple Sclerosis Society (MS50), The Adelson Medical Research Foundation, and a core support grant from the Wellcome and MRC to the Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute (203151/Z/16/Z). KSR is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canad

Bidisperse beds sheared by viscous fluids: Grain segregation and bed hardening

When a granular bed is sheared by a fluid that flows above a critical limit, it undergoes a complex motion that varies along time: it can contain fluid- (bedload) and solid-like (creep) regions, being prone to strain hardening and, in case of polydispersity, segregation. In this paper, we investigate experimentally the short- and long-time evolution of a bidisperse bed sheared by a viscous liquid. Different from previous experiments, the density ratio between grains and fluid is 2.7, close to values found in rivers and oceans. We show the existence of diffusive, advective and constrained regions, that most of segregation occurs during the very first stages of the flow, and that bed hardening becomes stronger while bedload and creep weaken along time. We obtain the segregation rates, their evolution along time, their variation with the applied shearing, and the time evolution of creeping and bedload. Finally, we propose characteristic times for the segregation of large particles and bed hardening. Our results shed light on the complex motion of sheared beds existing in nature, such as river beds and creeping lands.Comment: This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Phys. Fluids 35, 103326 (2023) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/5.016841