Cataract surgery astigmatism incisional management. Manual relaxing incision versus femtosecond laser-assisted arcuate keratotomy. A systematic review

Purpose: This systematic review aims to compare corneal astigmatism correction in cataract surgery through corneal relaxing incision, manually and femtosecond laser assisted. Methods: The study was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement recommendations. We used PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WOS) as databases from January 2010 to March 30, 2021. Patients with keratoconus, corneal ectasia, and a previous history of eye surgery were excluded because our aim was to analyze only healthy eyes. Results: A total of 1025 eyes were evaluated from 946 patients (mean age was 68.90 ± 5.12) in manual incision group articles, while 1905 eyes of 1483 patients (mean age was 65.05 ± 4.57) were evaluated in femtosecond laser arcuate keratotomy (FLAK) articles. The mean uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was 0.19 ± 0.12 and 0.15 ± 0.05 logMAR for manual incision and FLAK articles, respectively (p = 0.39). The mean correction index (CI) was similar in both groups: 0.77 ± 0.18 in manual incision and 0.79 ± 0.17 in femtosecond laser assisted incision (p = 0.70). Refractive stability was found after 3 months and no serious complications were reported during the follow-up in any group. Conclusion: Both techniques are safe and moderately effective in corneal astigmatism correction in cataract surgery. FLAK represents a more precise and predictable approach. However, since visual and refractive outcomes appear to be similar in both cases, the cost-benefit analysis is controversial

Comparison of wound architecture in implantable collamer lens surgery: Self-sealing single-plane opposite clear corneal incision versus main surgical incision

Purpose: Incision architecture can play an important role in corneal astigmatism management through peripheral corneal relaxing incisions. The aim of this study was to compare the incision architecture of single-plane opposite clear corneal incisions (OCCIs) and main surgical incisions (MSIs) in patients undergoing implantable collamer lens (ICL) surgery. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional tomographic analysis of MSI and OCCI architectures was performed 6 months after ICL surgery. Image acquisition was performed using spectral-domain anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Results: A total of 31 OCCIs and 24 MSIs were evaluated. The mean incision angle was 42.83 ± 5.69 degrees for MSIs and 48.26 ± 6.07 degrees for OCCIs (p < 0.01), and the mean MSI and OCCI length was 1146.70 ± 150.48 µm and 976.68 ± 140.19 µm, respectively (p < 0.01). The mean increase in epithelium depth in the wound was 37.63 ± 11.91 µm in the MSI group and 47.64 ± 15.45 µm in the OCCI group (p = 0.02). Endothelial misalignment was observed in both types of incisions. However, the misalignment with MSI was greater than with OCCI, 106.67 ± 31.84 µm versus 83.75 ± 23.39 µm (p = 0.01), respectively. Conclusion: Both types of incisions, OCCI and MSI, were shown to be safe with complete wound sealing and healing 6 months postoperatively. The MSIs performed in the temporal position were more angled and longer, with greater endothelial retraction and minor epithelial thickening in the wound area compared with astigmatic incisions without manipulation

Management of low astigmatism in implantable collamer lens surgery: opposite clear corneal incisions versus toric implantable collamer lens

PURPOSE: To compare 2 techniques to correct low astigmatism during implantable collamer lens (ICL) surgery: astigmatic opposite clear corneal incisions (OCCIs) and toric ICL (T-ICL). SETTING: Arruzafa Ophthalmological Hospital, Cordoba, Spain. DESIGN: Randomized prospective comparative study. METHODS: The study comprised 152 myopic eyes undergoing ICL surgery. Patients were separated into 2 groups: Group 1 (57 patients; 76 eyes) received a spherical ICL with OCCIs and Group 2 (53 patients; 76 eyes) received a T-ICL. The inclusion criteria were refractive astigmatism up to 1.50 diopters (D), regular corneal astigmatism up to 2.00 D (Sim K, Pentacam), and agreement between the refractive and topographic corneal cylinders (discrepancies less than 30 degrees axis or 0.50 D). The outcomes were evaluated after a 1-month follow-up. RESULTS: The T-ICL group achieved a mean postoperative spherical equivalent refraction and refractive astigmatism of -0.04 ± 0.17 D and -0.03 ± 0.12 D, respectively, vs -0.14 ± 0.33 D and -0.20 ± 0.36 D, in the OCCI group ( P < .001). Postoperative refractive astigmatism of less than 0.25 D was achieved in 94.74% of cases in the T-ICL group vs 73.68% in the OCCI group. Undercorrection of corneal astigmatism occurred in the OCCI group with a surgically induced astigmatism of 0.48 ± 0.24 D and correction index = 0.46. CONCLUSIONS: Both the T-ICL and OCCI techniques provided excellent results in terms of safety and efficacy. T-ICL surgery was shown to be more predictable and accurate for correcting low astigmatism with a lower postoperative spherical equivalent and less residual astigmatism compared to incisional management

Aberrometric, Keratometric, and Visual Outcomes After Trans-Epithelial Topography-Guided Phototherapeutic Keratectomy for the Treatment of Irregular Corneas

Purpose: To assess the safety, aberrometric and keratometric changes, and stability of transepithelial topography-guided phototherapeutic keratectomy (TE-TG-PTK) with mitomycin C (MMC) using the ALLEGRO Topolyzer platform for the treatment of irregular astigmatism. Methods: This is a retrospective case series including 57 eyes that underwent TE-TG-PTK + MMC using the ALLEGRO Topolyzer platform for the treatment of irregular astigmatism. CDVA, manifest refraction (MR), keratometry readings, and aberrometry readings were analyzed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Results: Causes of corneal irregularity included non-infectious leucoma (n=23), infectious leucoma (n=7), adenoviral keratitis (n=20), corneal haze (n=2), post-penetrant keratoplasty (PKP) (n=1), and others (n=4). Overall, 76% of the eyes (n=40) gained lines of vision; patients gained 1, and 2 or more lines of vision in 76%, and 38% of cases, respectively. Only 1 patient (2%) lost 5 lines of vision. Mean preoperative CDVA (LogMAR) was 0.37 ±0.31 and improved to 0.14 ±0.18 (p<0.001) at final follow-up (12 months). CDVA remained unchanged in 10 eyes (21%). No significant changes were observed in mean keratometry (Kmean) and keratometric astigmatism readings. Regarding aberrometry, only changes in coma proved to be significant 6 months after surgery (P<0.01). No intraoperative/postoperative complications were reported. Conclusion: At final follow-up, significant improvements were observed in CDVA and coma. TE-TG-PTK + MMC proved to be an effective and safe procedure for the treatment of corneal irregular astigmatism due to several causes

Complications of Small Aperture Intracorneal Inlays: A Literature Review

Presbyopia can be defined as the refractive state of the eye in which, due to a physiological decrease in the ability to accommodate, it is not possible to sustain vision without fatigue in a prolonged manner, along with difficulty focusing near vision. It is estimated that its prevalence in 2030 will be approximately 2.1 billion people. Corneal inlays are an alternative in the correction of presbyopia. They are implanted beneath a laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flap or in a pocket in the center of the cornea of the non-dominant eye. The purpose of this review is to provide information about intraoperative and postoperative KAMRA inlay complications in the available scientific literature. A search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus with the following search strategy: ("KAMRA inlay" OR “KAMRA” OR “corneal inlay pinhole” OR “pinhole effect intracorneal” OR “SAICI” OR “small aperture intracorneal inlay”) AND (“complication” OR “explantation” OR “explanted” OR “retired”). The bibliography consulted shows that the insertion of a KAMRA inlay is an effective procedure that improves near vision with a slight decrease in distance vision. However, postoperative complications such as corneal fibrosis, epithelial iron deposits, and stromal haze are described

Complications of Small Aperture Intracorneal Inlays: A Literature Review

Presbyopia can be defined as the refractive state of the eye in which, due to a physiological decrease in the ability to accommodate, it is not possible to sustain vision without fatigue in a prolonged manner, along with difficulty focusing near vision. It is estimated that its prevalence in 2030 will be approximately 2.1 billion people. Corneal inlays are an alternative in the correction of presbyopia. They are implanted beneath a laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flap or in a pocket in the center of the cornea of the non-dominant eye. The purpose of this review is to provide information about intraoperative and postoperative KAMRA inlay complications in the available scientific literature. A search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus with the following search strategy: ("KAMRA inlay" OR “KAMRA” OR “corneal inlay pinhole” OR “pinhole effect intracorneal” OR “SAICI” OR “small aperture intracorneal inlay”) AND (“complication” OR “explantation” OR “explanted” OR “retired”). The bibliography consulted shows that the insertion of a KAMRA inlay is an effective procedure that improves near vision with a slight decrease in distance vision. However, postoperative complications such as corneal fibrosis, epithelial iron deposits, and stromal haze are described

Early patient-reported outcomes of cataract surgery with implantation of the trifocal liberty 677MY intraocular lens: A pilot study

Purpose: To report our first clinical and patient-reported outcomes in the early postoperative period with a new model of trifocal diffractive intraocular lens (IOL). Methods: Pilot prospective analysis of the results of 26 eyes of 13 patients (age, 44–79 years) undergoing cataract surgery with implantation of the trifocal diffractive IOL Liberty 677MY (Medicontur Medical Engineering Ltd., Zsámbék, Hungary). The following clinical outcomes were evaluated during the first postoperative month: measurement of distance, intermediate and near visual acuity, binocular defocus curve, and level of spectacle independence, patient satisfaction, perception of photic phenomena, and difficulty in performing several vision-related daily tasks by means of a questionnaire. Results: Mean binocular LogMAR uncorrected distance, intermediate and near visual acuities were −0.03 ± 0.13, 0.21 ± 0.16, and 0.16 ± 0.09, respectively. Furthermore, 100.0%, 84.6% and 92.3% of patients achieved a binocular corrected distance, distance-corrected intermediate and distance-corrected near visual acuity of 20/32 or better, respectively. In the defocus curve, visual acuities were better than 0.2 logMAR for defocus levels between +1.00 and −3.00 D. Spectacle independence was referred by all patients, with any of them reporting dissatisfaction with the outcome of the surgery. The postoperative vision did not lead to difficulties in the daily life in 92.3% of patients. Bothersome halos, glare or starbursts were only reported by only 7.7% of patients. Conclusions: The trifocal IOL evaluated provides a successful visual rehabilitation with minimal photic phenomena associated, leading to high levels of spectacle independence and patient satisfaction

Visual Performance, Satisfaction, and Spectacle Independence after Implantation of a New Hydrophobic Trifocal Intraocular Lens

The main objective was to evaluate distance, intermediate, and near vision in patients who have undergone cataract extraction with bilateral implantation of a new trifocal diffractive intraocular lens (IOL), along with patient-reported outcomes (PRO). A total of 50 eyes from 25 patients after AsqelioTM Trifocal IOL (AST Products, Inc., Billerica MA, USA) implantation were assessed in this study. At 3 months after surgery, the photopic visual acuity (VA) at distance, intermediate, and near distances was measured. Binocular photopic defocus curves were also obtained. Three questionnaires to assess patients&rsquo; visual satisfaction and spectacle dependence, among other items, were completed: the Catquest-9SF, the patient-reported spectacle independence questionnaire (PRSIQ), and the patient-reported visual symptoms questionnaire (PRVSQ). The average spherical equivalent was 0.21 &plusmn; 0.37 D at 3 months post-operation, and the average absolute tolerance to defocus was 3.64 &plusmn; 0.70 D. The mean binocular uncorrected VAs for distance, intermediate, and near vision were &minus;0.02 &plusmn; 0.09, 0.06 &plusmn; 0.08, and 0.11 &plusmn; 0.07 logMAR, respectively. The best-corrected VA was better than 0.1 logMAR for the whole range from distance to near. PROs revealed spectacle independence and general satisfaction with vision, and the incidence of photic phenomena were low. This study shows that the new bi-aspheric diffractive trifocal IOL provides a good visual performance at different distances under photopic conditions, accompanied by patient satisfaction and spectacle independence

Proyecto de prevención de drogodependencias

Trata el problema de las drogodependencias desde el punto de vista de la prevención en el ámbito escolar y familiar. De los objetivos para Infantil destacan: adquirir hábitos de salud y bienestar y el uso adecuado de los medicamentos; conseguir una dieta equilibrada, haciendo incapié en la moderación del consumo de dulces; practicar en el centro normas de higiene y comportamiento adecuado. Los objetivos para Primaria y Secundaria son: conocer los perjuicios que sobre la salud tienen el consumo de tabaco y alcohol; adoptar una actitud crítica ante el fenómeno de las drogas; promover alternativas de ocio y tiempo libre saludables; favorecer la autoestima, responsabilidad, autonomía, toma de decisiones y la comunicación interpersonal y estimular la participación y el asociacionismo. Ofrece una unidad didáctica para trabajar estos objetivos en cada una de las etapas.Madrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Consejería de Educación y Cultura. Ministerio de Educación y Cultura. Ayuntamiento de MadridMadridMadrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Subdirección General de Formación del Profesorado. CRIF Las Acacias; General Ricardos 179 - 28025 Madrid; Tel. + 34915250893ES