La mutación en el alelo 1β-31*C mas la presencia de Staphylococcus aureus y Haemophilus influenzae incrementan el riesgo de amigdalitis recurrente en una población mexicana

La enfermedad inflamatoria amigdalina es una patología frecuente que se puede presentar como cuadros de amigdalitis aguda de repetición o hipertrofia amigdalina crónica, siendo esto una causa importante de morbilidad en los niños. En los Estados Unidos aproximadamente el 10% de los antibióticos prescritos son por faringoamigdalitis aguda. El objetivo del presente estudio fue estimar la contribución relativa de los factores inmunogenéticos y microbiológicos en el desarrollo de amigdalitis recurrente en una población mexicana. Se incluyeron 138 pacientes consecutivos con amigdalitis recurrente/crónica, clínicamente confirmados y con indicación para amigdalectomía de acuerdo con los criterios de la Academia Americana de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello. Los pacientes se reclutaron en el Hospital Universitario “Dr. José E González” de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León y en el Hospital de Alta Especialidad Materno-Infantil de la Secretaria de la Secretaria de Salud del Estado de Nuevo León

Quiste dermoide en el piso de la boca: comunicación de un caso

Los quistes dermoides son lesiones benignas que aparecen en la línea media del piso de la boca. Se originan por el atrapamiento del epitelio germinal durante el cierre de los arcos branquiales. Constituyen 23% de los quistes dermoides de la cabeza y el cuello. Son lesiones de crecimiento lento, no dolorosas y se manifestan a cualquier edad, principalmente entre los 15 y 35 años. Desde el punto de vista histopatológico, están constituidos por una cubierta epitelial, contienen elementos de origen ectodérmico y mesodérmico (piel y anexos). El tratamiento consiste en resección quirúrgica. Se comunica el caso de un paciente de 51 años de edad con quiste dermoide en el piso de la boca, intervenido quirúrgicamento con abordaje intraoral. Abstract: Dermoid cysts are benign lesions present in the midline of the floor of the mouth cause by germinal epithelium entrapment during branchial arcs closing development. They compose 23% of the dermoid cysts of head and neck. These lesions, which develop slowly and are painless, occur in young adults between 15 to 35 years old, but they can be present at any age,. Common histological findings are mesoderm and ectoderm tissue (skin and annex). Surgical resection is the treatment. A 51-year-old male with a dermoid cyst on the floor of the mouth surgically treated by a trans-oral approach is presented

Laryngeal amyloidosis: An uncommon cause of dysphonia

Introduction: Amyloidosis is used to describe a range of disorders deined by extracellular deposition of abnormal protein ibrils. The larynx is the most common site of localized amyloidosis in the head and neck region and constitutes less than 1% of benign laryngeal lesions. Hoarseness is the most common symptom. Objective: Prospective clinical evaluation of patients with localized laryngeal amyloidosis. Clinical cases: Presented are 4 cases of patients with localized laryngeal amyloidosis who were treated at the Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department at the “Dr. José Eleuterio González” University Hospital in Monterrey, Mexico. Three patients underwent phonomicrosurgery by direct microlaryngoscopy with the removal of the amyloid implantation using a cold knife excision with great results. In each patient the major site of involvement was the supraglottis with a small focus on the false vocal cord. A medical work-up, including a complete blood count (CBC), a basic metabolic panel, urinalysis, liver function test, chest X-ray and physical examination were performed to rule out the presence of systemic disease; no amyloidosis or signs of systemic disease were found. Congo red staining conirms the diagnosis of amyloidosis in all surgical specimens. Conclusions: In laryngeal amyloidosis, the treatment should be directed toward the improvement of the voice and the maintenance of the airway

Olfactory dysfunction in young smokers J.

To establish the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in smoking and non-smoking students of our Faculty who attend the Department of Otolaryngology (ENT) of our Hospital. Materials and method: Students (smokers and non-smokers) that do and do not suffer from olfactory dysfunction. We applied a questionnaire and a pocket smell test for screening all of the students. Results: We evaluated 207 students, between 18 and 30 years old; 50.7% (n=105) were women and 49.3% (n=102) were men. The smokers among them smoked up to 6 packs per year. One hundred twenty three students were non-smokers and 84 students were smokers. Of the 84 students who were smokers, 67 (79.7%) answered the Pocket Smell Test correctly (3/3) and 17 (20.2%) students had one or more errors. We had 123 non-smoker students and 103 (83.7%) students answered the Pocket Smell Test correctly and 20 (16.2%) answered with one or more errors. The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in young smokers with a 95% conidence interval would be 32.8%. Conclusions: This study informed us about olfactory dysfunctions in our student population and their smoking habits. We corroborate that the Pocket Smell Test is reliable with the questionnaire; nevertheless it is a screening test. We have a population of young people who smoke one cigarette per day and who didn’t have a signiicant alteration in their ability of smell at the time of the study. This is consistent with medical literature. More studies should be conducted in order to expand this information

The carriage of interleukin-1B-31*C allele plus Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae increases the risk of recurrent tonsillitis in a Mexican population

Abstract The aim of the present study was to estimate the relative contribution of immunogenetic and microbiological factors in the development of recurrent tonsillitis in a Mexican population. Patients (n = 138) with recurrent tonsillitis and an indication of tonsillectomy (mean age: 6.05 years±3.00; median age: 5 years, female: 58; age range: 1–15 years) and 195 nonrelated controls older than 18 years and a medical history free of recurrent tonsillitis were included. To evaluate the microbial contribution, tonsil swab samples from both groups and extracted tonsil samples from cases were cultured. Biofilm production of isolated bacteria was measured. To assess the immunogenetic component, DNA from peripheral blood was genotyped for the TNFA-308G/A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and for the IL1B -31C/T SNP. Normal microbiota, but no pathogens or potential pathogens, were identified from all control sample cultures. The most frequent pathogenic species detected in tonsils from cases were Staphylococcus aureus (48.6%, 67/138) and Haemophilus influenzae (31.9%, 44/138), which were found more frequently in patient samples than in samples from healthy volunteers (P<0.0001). Importantly, 41/54 (75.9%) S. aureus isolates were biofilm producers (18 weak and 23 strong), whereas 17/25 (68%) H. influenzae isolates were biofilm producers (10 weak, and 7 strong biofilm producers). Patients with at least one copy of the IL1B-31*C allele had a higher risk of recurrent tonsillitis (OR = 4.03; 95% CI = 1.27– 14.27; P = 0.013). TNFA-308 G/A alleles were not preferentially distributed among the groups. When considering the presence of IL1B-31*C plus S. aureus, IL1B-31*C plus S. aureus biofilm producer, IL1B-31*C plus H. influenzae or IL1B-31*C plus H. influenzae biofilm producer, the OR tended to infinite. Thus, the presence of IL1B-31*C allele plus the presence of S. aureus and/or H. influenzae could be related to the development of tonsillitis in this particular Mexican population

Angiosarcoma of the nasal cavity: a case report

Angiosarcomas are malignant neoplasias of rapid growth that develop from endothelial cells. They represent 2% of all sarcomas and only 1–4% are located in the aerodigestive tract. Since 1977, only 16 cases have been reported

Microbiological evaluation from extracted tonsils and swab tonsils from all cases.

<p>Microbiological evaluation from extracted tonsils and swab tonsils from all cases.</p

The carriage of interleukin-1B-31*C allele plus <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> increases the risk of recurrent tonsillitis in a Mexican population

<div><p>The aim of the present study was to estimate the relative contribution of immunogenetic and microbiological factors in the development of recurrent tonsillitis in a Mexican population. Patients (n = 138) with recurrent tonsillitis and an indication of tonsillectomy (mean age: 6.05 years ± 3.00; median age: 5 years, female: 58; age range: 1–15 years) and 195 non-related controls older than 18 years and a medical history free of recurrent tonsillitis were included. To evaluate the microbial contribution, tonsil swab samples from both groups and extracted tonsil samples from cases were cultured. Biofilm production of isolated bacteria was measured. To assess the immunogenetic component, DNA from peripheral blood was genotyped for the <i>TNFA-308G/A</i> single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and for the <i>IL1B -31C/T</i> SNP. Normal microbiota, but no pathogens or potential pathogens, were identified from all control sample cultures. The most frequent pathogenic species detected in tonsils from cases were <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (48.6%, 67/138) and <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> (31.9%, 44/138), which were found more frequently in patient samples than in samples from healthy volunteers (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). Importantly, 41/54 (75.9%) <i>S</i>. <i>aureus</i> isolates were biofilm producers (18 weak and 23 strong), whereas 17/25 (68%) <i>H</i>. <i>influenzae</i> isolates were biofilm producers (10 weak, and 7 strong biofilm producers). Patients with at least one copy of the <i>IL1B-31*C</i> allele had a higher risk of recurrent tonsillitis (OR = 4.03; 95% CI = 1.27–14.27; <i>P</i> = 0.013). <i>TNFA-308 G/A</i> alleles were not preferentially distributed among the groups. When considering the presence of <i>IL1B-31*C</i> plus <i>S</i>. <i>aureus</i>, <i>IL1B-31*C</i> plus <i>S</i>. <i>aureus</i> biofilm producer, <i>IL1B-31*C</i> plus <i>H</i>. <i>influenzae</i> or <i>IL1B-31*C</i> plus <i>H</i>. <i>influenzae</i> biofilm producer, the OR tended to infinite. Thus, the presence of <i>IL1B-31*C</i> allele plus the presence of <i>S</i>. <i>aureus</i> and/or <i>H</i>. <i>influenzae</i> could be related to the development of tonsillitis in this particular Mexican population.</p></div