Agronomic evaluation and quality flour among cassava cultivars under field conditions

O Brasil se destaca entre os cinco maiores produtores de mandioca do mundo, contudo, a produtividade varia no território nacional, devido, dentre outros fatores, a utilização de variedades inadequadas para região, nesse sentido, objetivou-se selecionar cultivares de mandioca nas condições do Recôncavo baiano, em época de colheita com 12 meses. No trabalho foram utilizadas 15 cultivares distribuídas em blocos casualizados com três repetições, avaliando-se sete características agronômicas e a qualidade da farinha. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância e multivariada. Pela análise de variância foi observada variação para todas as características com exceção do comprimento da raiz. Produtividade acima de 35,00 t. ha-1 foi registrada para todas as cultivares, com destaque para a cultivar Irará que atingiu 47,00 t. ha-1 e médias superiores para as características agronômicas e de qualidade de farinha, contrariamente às cultivares BRS Tianguá e BRS Jarina. Correlações positivas de alta magnitude foram registradas entre as características de qualidade da farinha, com destaque para as cultivares BRS Amansa burro e 9783/13. As cultivares Irará, BRS Amanso burro e 9783/13 se destacaram para as condições desse estudo, podendo ser utilizadas pelos produtores de mandioca do Recôncavo da Bahia.Brazil stands out among the five largest cassava producers in the world, however the productivity is quite varied in the national territory, being associated, among other factors, the use of varieties unsuitable for the region, in this sense, the objective was to select cassava cultivars under the conditions of the Recôncavo Bahian, at harvest time with 12 months The work was conducted in Recôncavo da Bahia using 15 cultivars distributed in Randomized Blocks with three replications, evaluating seven agronomic characteristics and quality of flour. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and multivariate. Through the analysis of variance, variation was observed for all characteristics evaluated, except for the root length. Yields above 35,00 t. ha-1 were recorded for all cultivars with emphasis on the cultivar Irará, which reached a yield of 47,00 t. ha-1, this cultivar also stood out in the multivariate analysis composing an isolated group and lower results were recorded in BRS Tianguá cultivars and BRS Jarina, who had formed the third group with below average results for agronomic and flour quality characteristics. Positive correlations of high magnitude were recorded between the characteristics of flour quality with emphasis on the cultivars BRS Amansa burro and 9783/13. The cultivars Irará, BRS Amansa burro and 9783/13 stood out for the conditions of this study, and can be used by cassava producers in the Recôncavo da Bahia

PRODUÇÃO DE AMILOGLUCOSIDASE UTILIZANDO COMO SUBSTRATO A PALMA FORRAGEIRA

This paper aimed to evaluate the use of cactus pear as the main substrate for the production of amiloglucosidase by solid state fermentation with the aid of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger. The experiments were conducted at the Laboratory of Agro-industrial wastes at the State University of Southwest Bahia - UESB. The cactus pear was dried up to about 2% moisture. The variables in the fermentation process were water activity (0.891, 0.964, 0.976 and 0.983) and fermentation time (24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h and 120 h). The results showed high enzyme production by the third day of fermentation, irrespective of water activity in all trials, after the fermentation time reduction of enzyme activity was observed, with the highest activity was 60.32 U/g in 72 hours and the water activity of 0.891. During the fermentation process the fungus synthesized and excreted the enzyme without the need for any other inducer addition to forage cactus and water, thus demonstrating the viability of using the palm as raw materials for bioprocesses