IMPROVING WORD POWER: ENHANCING VOCABULARY

Across the country, the number of graduates passing out every year is high in number. In India, graduates are more in recent years compared to the days before 10 years. Especially, Engineering graduates are more. The percentage of employed ones is relatively low when compared to the students who have passed out. The reason is that the percentage of employable students is minimal. What is meant by employability? Employability depends on the candidate’s knowledge and skill. What is knowledge and what is skill? Knowledge is the technical (mostly theoretical) one and skill is the practical one. Those who are knowledgeable in English but not in a position to express themselves in an interview will not be successful.That is, today most of the students pursue their basic education in English medium. Even with exposure to the medium of instruction which is English, they lack the skill of speaking in English. It is because of lack of English speaking atmosphere and lack of vocabulary to express their ideas correctly. Even though they know English- speaking and practicing in English is minimal. It is because of the system that prevails in our country. To complete the syllabus and make the students understand the subject matter, the teachers help the students by explaining in Tamil or vernacular language.As our exam based system needs syllabus completion it becomes unavoidable. As the students lack practice, communication skillwhich plays a major role in employment is lacking among graduates. For fluency, more words are needed. Good package of vocabulary is needed. It becomes a lacuna among the present generation. The study of this paper is on how to improve the word power of the students and make their communication effective? This paper focuses on vocabulary building

Changes in the diet of predatory ribbonfish Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus, 1758 with increasing body size along Chennai coast

In recent years, it has been recognised that predatory fishes are rapidly declining in marine habitats. Hence, gathering information on biological characteristics such as dietary dynamics of predatory fishes has assumed importance. Considering this, the dietary dynamics of the predatory ribbonfish Trichiuruslepturusfrom Chennai coast was assessed by analysing the stomach condition and contents, with reference to body size. Representatives of the Order Clupeiformes (Index of relative importance, IRI 33.7%) comprising oilsardine, lesser sardines and anchovies were the major prey items of T. lepturus.Predation by T. lepturus was aided by morphological adaptations, such as dentition, hard and spinous gill rakers, short stomach, high body depth-total length ratio of 1: 17.1 and large mouth (gape area of 1534 mm2 in adult fish).With increasing body size, the capacity to predate upon relatively larger prey increased. The differences in diet composition between ribbonfish of small, medium and large size were well-represented byIRI, prey specific abundance and cluster analysis. The fish is a top predator (trophic level: 4.17) and a specialist feeder (niche breadth: 2.63). As specialist feeders have a narrow choice of food, they are more vulnerable to fishing. It is important that management of multispecies fisheries should focus more on the sensitive predatory species

Juvenile croakers - a major component of the low value trawl by-catch landed at Chennai

Low value by-catch forms about 10-12% of the trawl landings at Chennai. Fishes form about 60 - 65% of this by-catch. The major fishes occurring in the by-catch include - silverbellies, cardinal fishes, flatheads, lizardfishes, whitebaits anchovies, croakers, threadfin breams, monocle breams, flatfishes, dragonets, glassies, rays and skates, goatfishes, pufferfishes, scorpionfishes etc. Juvenile croakers have been found to occur in considerable proportion in the by-catch

Study of serum lactate dehydrogenase level and seasonal variation in preeclampsia and eclampsia with its obstetric outcome

Background: Preeclampsia and eclampsia complicate 6–8% of all pregnancies and lead to various maternal and fetal complications. LDH is an intracellular enzyme and its level is increased in this women due to cellular death. So, serum LDH levels can be used to assess the severity of disease, to improve the maternal and fetal outcome. Studies in several countries have shown higher incidence of the disease in the winter season. This study is being conducted to correlate serum LDH levels and seasonal variation in preeclampsia and eclampsia.Methods: It is a retrospective observational study. Data for 102 cases were collected from the parturition register and patient discharge record from January to December 2016. All singleton pregnant women who came to R L Jalappa Hospital with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia were included in the study.Results: Total of 102 patients were studied. Incidence of the disease was most commonly seen in younger age group, which was statistically significant (p=0.020). Even though most of the cases presented in winter (39), there was no statistically significant association between seasonal variation in occurrence of the disease and serum LDH levels. LDH raised to >800IU/L in the cases was seen more in the younger age group.Conclusions: This study only showed that preeclampsia and eclampsia occurred most commonly in younger women. This study did not show any variation in serum LDH levels in patients presenting in different seasons

Studies on the hydrology and the abundance of phytoplankton of fish culture ponds.

The sun is the major source of energy for all the activities of life on earth. Photosynthesis is the prime mechanism by which the autotrophs use the solar energy and the carbon dioxide and water from the environment to synthesize food for themselves and the heterotrophs

Report on a sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus (Linnaeus) caught at Chennai coast

In Indian Ocean, sperm whales are distributed in substantial numbers near Madagascar, Mahe banks. East and West coast of India and off Sri Lanka. Instances of sperm whales caught / stranded / sighted are reported from Mahabalipuram, Madras, Tranquebar, Nagapattinam, Pondicherry, Pamban, Manauli Island, Krusadai Island, Quilon, Karwar, Mangalore and Kalpen

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Status of Elasmobranchs Fishery in Chennai, India

Catches of elasmobranchs in India showed an increasing trend from 27.4 thousand t in 1961 to 49 thousand t in 2006. During 2006, among the total elasmobranch catches throughout India, Tamil Nadu contributed substantially with 10.8 thousand tonnes. Observations on elasmobranchs fishery in Chennai for a period of 5 years from 2002–2006 was carried out. In Chennai fisheries harbor, annual elasmobranch catches varied from 489 t to 1735 t for the trawlnets and 194 t to 519 t for mechanized gillnets. In the same harbor, maximum catch of 2074 t of elasmobranchs was recorded in 2002. The contribution of elasmobranch i.e. 4.0 %, 16.0 % & 2.0 % to the trawl, gillnet, and hooks and line (H&L), respectively, with the CPUE of 24.4, 136.7, and 1.3 kg in the respective gears were observed. Trawlers landed heavy catch of more than 100 t of elasmobranchs during June and July with the catch per hour (cph) of 1.4–1.6 kg. Gillnet catches were better during June-September, where monthly catch was above 35 t with CPUE of 203-287 kg. H&L landed good catch during February and March, where the catch was above 1 t with the CPUE of 3.3-4.0 kg

Note on heart urchins and sand dollars washed ashore

Large quantities of fragile skeletons (Tests) of heart urchins and sand dollars were found washed ashore in Mudaliar kuppam, village and Pudukuppam village of Villupuram district during Maretia planulata (dorsal view) Echinodiscus bisperforatus September 2017. Out of hundreds of broken skeletons as well as a few intact pieces washed aquarium trade. Collection of live specimens is illegal. ashore, Maretia planulata (Tiny maretia heart urchin) and Echinodiscus bisperforatus (Keyhole sand dollar) were identified

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