I vote left, you vote right: How can we work together?

Political divisiveness continues to make news and influence our lives. In Spain, the drive for Catalonia’s independence has sparked demonstrations from both sides, including police action to close polling places. In Britain, Brexit aroused a debate marked by strong emotion over the future direction of the country. In the U.S., movements such as Black Lives Matter/Blue Lives Matter, standing for the national anthem, and even monologues from late night comedians engender strong emotions. Polling data in the U.S suggest that major political parties are further apart on basic political values than ever before. We suggest that the strength and ubiquitous nature of political convictions will likely spill over to workplace decision-making

Quality of life and perceived health status in adults with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to assess perceived health status and quality of life in adults with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries who have not undergone anatomic repair.MethodsQuality of life as measured by the satisfaction with life scale and linear analog scales and perceived health status as measured by the Short Form 36 Health Survey (version 1) were evaluated in 25 adults with congenitally corrected transposition and compared with a control group of 25 adults with mild, hemodynamically insignificant defects.ResultsInstruments were returned by 83% of patients (25/30; 11 male; mean age, 44.6 ± 16 years). Health status by the linear analog scale was significantly lower (P = .03) in subjects (median, 80; range, 15–100) than in controls (median, 85; range, 65–100). Quality of life by the satisfaction with life scale was also lower (P = .009) in subjects (mean, 24 ± 8) compared with controls. Age was negatively correlated with the Short Form 36 Health Survey physical functioning (r = −0.41, P = .04), bodily pain (r = −0.5, P = .01), and physical component (r = −0.56, P = .004) summary scores in adults with congenitally corrected transposition but not in controls.ConclusionsAdults with congenitally corrected transposition have lower reported health status and satisfaction with life than a control population, with perceived health status declining with advancing age

Does being an athlete help a woman? Examining how subtle bias in perceptions of leadership potential differentially impact male and female athletes

El presente trabajo estudia las percepciones con relación al potencial de liderazgo de atletas hombres y mujeres, evaluando particularmente como aquellos que sostienen un sesgo sutil hacia las mujeres influencian estas percepciones. Se evaluaron doscientos treinta y un participantes (n = 231), atletas hombres o mujeres (en un deporte de género neutro o género especifico) u hombres o mujeres no atletas, con relación a su  potencial de liderazgo en un contexto simulado de empleo. Adicionalmente, se midió el nivel de sexismo entre los participantes. Se analizaron los resultados para evaluar la interacción entre participación en deportes, sexo del postulante y nivel de sexismo del participante. Por sí misma, la participación en deportes no afectó el puntaje de potencial de liderazgo de las mujeres  postulantes a un trabajo, sin embargo, los hallazgos apoyaron la presencia de un sutil sesgo hacia las atletas y no atletas mujeres, entre cierto tipo de evaluadores. Específicamente, los evaluadores que calificaron más alto en sexismo, tendieron a evaluar a las mujeres atletas tan alto en potencial de liderazgo como a las mujeres no atletas. Estos hallazgos se discuten en el contexto de la teoría de congruencia de rol

Characterizing the Distribution of an Endangered Salmonid Using Environmental DNA Analysis

Determining species distributions accurately is crucial to developing conservation and management strategies for imperiled species, but a challenging task for small populations. We evaluated the efficacy of environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis for improving detection and thus potentially refining the known distribution of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Methow and Okanogan Subbasins of the Upper Columbia River, which span the border between Washington, USA and British Columbia, Canada. We developed an assay to target a 90 base pair sequence of Chinook DNA and used quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to quantify the amount of Chinook eDNA in triplicate 1-L water samples collected at 48 stream locations in June and again in August 2012. The overall probability of detecting Chinook with our eDNA method in areas within the known distribution was 0.77 (±0.05 SE). Detection probability was lower in June (0.62, ±0.08 SE) during high flows and at the beginning of spring Chinook migration than during base flows in August (0.93, ±0.04 SE). In the Methow subbasin, mean eDNA concentration was higher in August compared to June, especially in smaller tributaries, probably resulting from the arrival of spring Chinook adults, reduced discharge, or both. Chinook eDNA concentrations did not appear to change in the Okanogan subbasin from June to August. Contrary to our expectations about downstream eDNA accumulation, Chinook eDNA did not decrease in concentration in upstream reaches (0–120 km). Further examination of factors influencing spatial distribution of eDNA in lotic systems may allow for greater inference of local population densities along stream networks or watersheds. These results demonstrate the potential effectiveness of eDNA detection methods for determining landscape-level distribution of anadromous salmonids in large river systems

How today’s shocks predict tomorrow’s leaving

Purpose This research explores “shocking events” as part of the unfolding model of turnover, extending our understanding of the influence of various types of shocks on future voluntary employee separations. Design/Methodology/Approach: 1536 new hires at a large financial institution reported shocks monthly during their first 8 months at work as well as their job satisfaction and perceptions of marketability. We used event history to estimate the basic distributional properties of the shocks and Cox proportional hazards models to examine the effects of shocks on job satisfaction and turnover over the subsequent year as reported by the organization. Findings: Organizational shocks generally occur earlier than personal shocks. Further, unexpected shocks have a stronger impact than expected shocks on subsequent turnover. Finally, the effects of organizational shocks on turnover are mediated by job satisfaction, whereas personal shocks have direct effects on turnover. Implications: Our findings offer evidence for the utility of the shock construct in the unfolding model of turnover and speak to the importance of encouraging managers to monitor shocks on an ongoing basis in order to predict when different types of shocks will occur and their likely influence on turnover. Originality/Value: Ours is the first study to examine shocks as they occur. This is a contrast to prior studies that relied on retrospective accounts. Thus, we are able to test new hypotheses (e.g., direct effects vs. mediation) that expand the unfolding model of turnover

Biventricular repair for aortic atresia or hypoplasia and ventricular septal defect

AbstractObjective: Aortic valve atresia or hypoplasia can present with a ventricular septal defect and a normal mitral valve and left ventricle. These patients may be suitable for biventricular repair, although the optimal initial management strategy remains unknown. Methods: From January 1991 through March 1999, 20 patients with aortic atresia or hypoplasia and ventricular septal defect underwent operation with the intent to achieve biventricular repair. Aortic atresia was present in 7 patients, and aortic valve hypoplasia was present in 13 patients. Among those patients with aortic hypoplasia, Z-scores of the aortic valve anulus ranged from –8.8 to –2.7. Associated anomalies included interrupted aortic arch (n = 12 patients), coarctation (n = 6 patients), aortopulmonary window (n = 1 patient), and heterotaxia (n = 1 patient). Nine patients were staged with an initial Norwood procedure followed by biventricular repair in 8 patients. One patient awaits biventricular repair after a Norwood procedure. The conditions of 11 patients were corrected with a single procedure. Results: Among the 9 patients who underwent staged repair, there were no deaths after the Norwood procedure and 1 death after biventricular repair. For the 11 patients who underwent a primary biventricular repair, there was 1 early death and 2 late deaths from noncardiac causes. Follow-up ranged from 1 to 85 months (mean, 28 months). Actuarial survival for the entire group was 78% ± 10% at 5 years and was not significantly different between staged repair (89%) and primary biventricular repair (73%). Conclusions: Both primary and staged biventricular repair for patients with aortic atresia or hypoplasia and ventricular septal defect may be performed with good late survival. Refinements in technique of conduit insertion and arch reconstruction have resulted in primary biventricular repair becoming our preferred approach. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999;118:648-54

Aortopulmonary Window with Interrupted Aortic Arch and Pulmonary Artery Sling: Diagnosis by Echocardiography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Case Report and Literature Review

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71570/1/j.1540-8175.1999.tb00796.x.pd

Early Surgical Morbidity and Mortality in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease: The University of Michigan Experience

Objectives.  To review early surgical outcomes in a contemporary series of adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) undergoing cardiac operations at the University of Michigan, and to investigate possible preoperative and intraoperative risk factors for morbidity and mortality. Methods.  A retrospective medical record review was performed for all patients ≥18 years of age who underwent open heart operations by a pediatric cardiothoracic surgeon at the University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2004. Records from a cohort of pediatric patients ages 1–17 years were matched to a subset of the adult patients by surgical procedure and date of operation. Results.  In total, 243 cardiac surgical operations were performed in 234 adult patients with CHD. Overall mortality was 4.7% (11/234). The incidence of major postoperative complications was 10% (23/234) with a 19% (45/23) minor complication rate. The most common postoperative complication was atrial arrhythmias in 10.8% (25/234). The presence of preoperative lung or liver disease, prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross clamp times, and postoperative elevated inotropic score and serum lactates were significant predictors of mortality in adults. There was no difference between the adult and pediatric cohorts in terms of mortality and morbidity. Conclusions.  The postoperative course in adults following surgery for CHD is generally uncomplicated and early survival should be expected. Certain risk factors for increased mortality in this patient population may include preoperative presence of chronic lung or liver dysfunction, prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamp times, and postoperative elevated inotropic score and serum lactate levels.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/75596/1/j.1747-0803.2008.00170.x.pd

Sustainable Practices Within a School‐Based Intervention: A Report from Project Healthy Schools

Over the past three decades the proportion of students classified as overweight has almost tripled. This trend in childhood obesity is a cause for concern. Stakeholders have come together to stem growth and implement healthy habits in childhood to not only prevent obesity, but also future cardiovascular risk. School‐based health interventions have proven to be an effective medium to reach youth. Sustainable practices remain the largest determinant of long‐term success of these programs. Project Healthy Schools, a community–university collaborative school‐based health intervention program, sustainable practices have led to positive changes in participating middle schools. This collaborative has provided important insight on key factors needed for long‐term sustainability for a school‐based wellness program. These key factors are described under leadership, policy, finances, and reproducibility. Future school‐based programs may plan for success with sustainability while drawing from our experience.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/96375/1/wmh36.pd