CONSTRUCTION AND VALIDATION OF A CLINICAL SIMULATION ON HIV TESTING AND COUNSELING IN PREGNANT WOMEN

Objective: to construct and validate a clinical simulation scenario on rapid HIV testing and counseling in pregnant women.Method: methodological study, of appearance and content validation, developed between June and October 2020 through the Delphi technique. For validation, the judges who obtained five or more points according to the adapted Fehring criteria were included. The data were analyzed by calculating the Content Validity Index (CVI). Results: After the first Delphi round, two items (5.7%) did not reach the I-CVI requiredfor validation in all the criteria evaluated, which were: behavioral, objectivity, simplicity,clarity, relevance, accuracy, variety, modality, typicality, and credibility. At the end of thesecond Delphi round, all items (100%) reached the I-CVI required for validation.Conclusion: the script proved to be valid, contributing to subsidize the teaching of HIV testing and counseling of pregnant women

CONSTRUÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO DE SIMULAÇÃO CLÍNICA SOBRE TESTAGEM E ACONSELHAMENTO PARA O HIV EM GESTANTES

Objetivo: construir e validar um cenário de simulação clínica sobre testagem e aconselhamento para o HIV em gestantes. Método: estudo metodológico, de validação de aparência e conteúdo por juízes especialistas na temática, desenvolvido no período de junho a outubro de 2020 em Aracaju, Sergipe, Brasil.Resultados: quanto aos seguintes critérios: comportamental, objetividade, simplicidade, clareza, relevância, precisão, variedade, modalidade, tipicidade e credibilidade, todos os itens foram considerados validados.Conclusão: o roteiro mostrou-se válido, contribuindo para subsidiar o ensino da testagem e do aconselhamento de gestante sobre o HIV

CONSTRUCCIÓN Y VALIDACIÓN DE UN SIMULACRO CLÍNICO SOBRE PRUEBAS Y ASESORAMIENTO DEL VIH EN MUJERES EMBARAZADAS

Objetivo: construir y validar un escenario de simulación clínica sobre pruebas rápidas y asesoramiento para el VIH en mujeres embarazadas. Método: estudio metodológico, de valoración de la apariencia y el contenido, desarrollado en el período de junio a octubre de 2020 mediante la técnica Delphi. Para la validación, se incluyeron los jueces que obtuvieron cinco o más puntos según los criterios adaptados de Fehring. Los datos se analizaron calculando el Índice de Validez del Contenido (IVC).Resultados: Tras la primera ronda Delphi, dos ítems (5,7%) no alcanzaron el I-CVI requerido para la validación en todos los criterios evaluados, que fueron: comportamiento, objetividad, simplicidad, claridad, relevancia, precisión, variedad, modalidad, tipicidad y credibilidad. Al final de la segunda ronda Delphi, todos los ítems (100%) alcanzaron el I-CVI requerido para la validación.Conclusión: el rodillo se mostró válido, contribuyendo a subvencionar la enseñanza de la prueba y el asesoramiento de gestores sobre el VIH

Enhanced il-6 and il-12b gene expression after SARS-CoV-2 infection in leprosy patients may increase the risk of neural damage

Experts have called attention to the possible negative impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19)–related cytokine storm syndrome on the progression of leprosy-related disabilities. We assessed the frequency of reactional states in patients co-infected with Mycobacterium leprae and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV) 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We consecutively included patients during the first peak of the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil and analyzed the expressions of genes encoding interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12A, IL-12B, and tumor necrosis factor-α in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We included 64 leprosy patients and 50 controls. Twelve of the leprosy patients and 14 of the controls had been diagnosed with COVID-19. Co-infection was associated with increased IL-6 (P = 0.043) and IL-12B (P = 0.017) expression. The median disability grades were higher for leprosy/COVID-19 patients; however, the difference was not significant (P = 0.194). Patients co-infected with M. leprae and SARS-CoV-2 may experience a higher-grade proinflammatory state

SARS-CoV-2/DENV co-infection : a series of cases from the Federal District, Midwestern Brazil

Background: Since the novel coronavirus disease outbreak, over 179.7 million people have been infected by SARS-CoV-2 worldwide, including the population living in dengue-endemic regions, particularly Latin America and Southeast Asia, raising concern about the impact of possible co-infections. Methods: Thirteen SARS-CoV-2/DENV co-infection cases reported in Midwestern Brazil between April and September of 2020 are described. Information was gathered from hospital medical records regarding the most relevant clinical and laboratory findings, diagnostic process, therapeutic interventions, together with clinician-assessed outcomes and follow-up. Results: Of the 13 cases, seven patients presented Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Syndrome and six had pre-existing co-morbidities, such as diabetes, hypertension and hypopituitarism. Two patients were pregnant. The most common symptoms and clinical signs reported at first evaluation were myalgia, fever and dyspnea. In six cases, the initial diagnosis was dengue fever, which delayed the diagnosis of concomitant infections. The most frequently applied therapeutic interventions were antibiotics and analgesics. In total, four patients were hospitalized. None of them were transferred to the intensive care unit or died. Clinical improvement was verified in all patients after a maximum of 21 days. Conclusions: The cases reported here highlight the challenges in differential diagnosis and the importance of considering concomitant infections, especially to improve clinical management and possible prevention measures. Failure to consider a SARS-CoV-2/DENV co-infection may impact both individual and community levels, especially in endemic area