Significance of intermodal freight modal choice criteria: MCDM-based decision support models and SP-based modal shift policies

This paper reviews modal choice decisions associated with intermodal freight transportation through decision support models based on the Multi-Criteria Decision-making (MCDM) techniques and modal shift policy as�sessments based on the Stated Preferences (SP) experiments. The objectives were to determine the relevant decision criteria and their relative significance, to define methods in use, and to identify respective policies that boost intermodality. Google Scholar database and manual search using identified keywords were conducted and references of the relevant articles were double-checked. Consequently, a total of 27 articles consisting of respective 18 and 9 MCDM-based and SP-based articles were reviewed in this study. The results showed that the most commonly used decision criteria were cost, CO2 emissions, delivery time, safety, reliability, flexibility, and frequency. The cost factor was assigned the highest weight in 22 articles (or 81.4%). Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique was implemented in 12 out of 18 MCDM articles (or 66.6%)). Successful application of MCDM methods (both single and integrated) showed the suitability of these methods for intermodal freight modal choice decision-making. The results of SP experiments revealed that cost reduction policies are more effective than policies addressing other factors to increase the demand for intermodal transportation

ROUTE SELECTION AND TRADE-OFFS EVALUATION OF THE INTERMODAL FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION

Identification of optimum routes and mode of transport play vital roles in freight transport decision making. This paper presents the research carried out for the modelling and analysis of intermodal transport network. The study evaluates the trade-offs associated with different modes of freight transportation. Geographic Information System (GIS) and MATLAB were applied to design the hypothetical intermodal freight transportation network, modelling, analysis and user-interface design. An optimum route and transport mode for different pairs of origins and destinations were determined across decision objectives such as distance, time, emission and cost. The trade-offs among different modes of freight transportation were explored. Based on the assumptions of this study, the results showed that the road was the fastest mode, while waterway was not only the most costefficient but also was the most environmental-friendly transport mode in terms of carbon dioxide emission. Although the transport network of the study was small size and hypothetical, this paper demonstrates the potentiality of this methodology for analysing larger and real intermodal networks

DEVELOPMENT OF OPTIMUM CONTAINER SHIPMENT FRAMEWORK IN INTERMODAL TRANSPORT NETWORK OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

In Malaysia, containerized freight transport has been growing and is expected to continue in that trend in the future. Therefore, the freight transport system needs to consider the growing impacts that it has on congestion, time of delivery, cost and environmental issues. To address such issues, there is a need to develop a framework to analyze intermodal transport network under different decision criteria and scenario

DEVELOPMENT OF OPTIMUM CONTAINER SHIPMENT FRAMEWORK IN INTERMODAL TRANSPORT NETWORK OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

In Malaysia, containerized freight transport has been growing and is expected to continue in that trend in the future. Therefore, the freight transport system needs to consider the growing impacts that it has on congestion, time of delivery, cost and environmental issues. To address such issues, there is a need to develop a framework to analyze intermodal transport network under different decision criteria and scenario

Conventional and electrical EOR review: the development trend of ultrasonic application in EOR

Abstract A small portion of oil can be extracted during primary and secondary stages of oil production, and significant quantities of oil remain in reservoirs. Enhanced oil recovery methods are used to extract the trapped oil with high viscosity in reservoirs and improve the efficiency of the production wells. Ultrasonic-based enhanced oil recovery method has become of considerable interest to researchers in recent years. This paper mainly presents the in-depth literature review of ultrasonic wave to investigate its application development trend in enhanced oil recovery. Besides, it also presents an overview of conventional enhanced oil recovery techniques such as chemical, gas, and thermal methods and nonconventional techniques such as electromagnetic and microwave heating. The results exhibit an increasing implementation of the ultrasonic waves for oil recovery since it is an inexpensive and ecologically sound method, can be applied in any type of reservoir, protects the well against damage, prevents heat loss, and enables stimulation freely

Application of GNSS Methods for Monitoring Offshore Platform Deformation

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has become a powerful tool for high-precision deformation monitoring application. Monitoring of deformation and subsidence of offshore platform due to factors such as shallow gas phenomena. GNSS is the technical interoperability and compatibility between various satellite navigation systems such as modernized GPS, Galileo, reconstructed GLONASS to be used by civilian users. It has been known that excessive deformation affects platform structurally, causing loss of production and affects the efficiency of the machinery on board the platform. GNSS have been proven to be one of the most precise positioning methods where by users can get accuracy to the nearest centimeter of a given position from carrier phase measurement processing of GPS signals. This research is aimed at using GNSS technique, which is one of the most standard methods to monitor the deformation of offshore platforms. Therefore, station modeling, which accounts for the spatial correlated errors, and hence speeds up the ambiguity resolution process is employed. It was found that GNSS combines the high accuracy of the results monitoring the offshore platforms deformation with the possibility of survey

Application of GNSS Methods for Monitoring Offshore Platform Deformation

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has become a powerful tool for high-precision deformation monitoring application. Monitoring of deformation and subsidence of offshore platform due to factors such as shallow gas phenomena. GNSS is the technical interoperability and compatibility between various satellite navigation systems such as modernized GPS, Galileo, reconstructed GLONASS to be used by civilian users. It has been known that excessive deformation affects platform structurally, causing loss of production and affects the efficiency of the machinery on board the platform. GNSS have been proven to be one of the most precise positioning methods where by users can get accuracy to the nearest centimeter of a given position from carrier phase measurement processing of GPS signals. This research is aimed at using GNSS technique, which is one of the most standard methods to monitor the deformation of offshore platforms. Therefore, station modeling, which accounts for the spatial correlated errors, and hence speeds up the ambiguity resolution process is employed. It was found that GNSS combines the high accuracy of the results monitoring the offshore platforms deformation with the possibility of survey

Sustainable materials selection based on flood damage assessment for a building using LCA and LCC

Flood risk is increasing rapidly around the world owing to the influence of climate change on precipitation levels. The refurbishment process is a complicated method of building construction after flooding. This study assesses all building costs in parallel with environmental emissions after repairs in a flood zone, in non-flood situations and when a flood hits the building, to determine the feasibility of repairs. Five types of building materials including common brick, concrete block, steel wall panels, wood, and precast concrete framing were assessed with a full life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost (LCC) assessment under non-flood, low-flood, and high-flood conditions. The result of greenhouse gas analysis showed that timber was the best choice for constructing the building, while, in case of flood occurrence, precast concrete framing shows better performance by releasing less CO 2 after the repair stage. The result of cost analysis indicated that despite timber being an ideal material for use in building construction, it is the costliest option in a high-flood situation due to its high repair costs. The benchmark results show that timber and steel frame were the worst materials to use in a flood zone, while brick was the most sustainable one. The findings of this paper prove that wood as a building material in flood zones is not ideal and that alternative materials such as brick have better functionality in terms of both global warming mitigation and LCC. The findings of this study provide insight into enhancing coordination among government bodies in the provision of post-disaster permanent housing adapted to climate change

Sustainable transition towards greener and cleaner seaborne shipping industry: Challenges and opportunities

This study investigates the growing concerns surrounding seaborne shipping and increasing expectations in the maritime sector due to the technological revolution. This study aims to analyze the ongoing causes and unintended consequences driving this revolution in the maritime shipping industry, examining the current state and rising projections beyond 2030. This study employed a three-stage methodology that involved searching for relevant articles, evaluating sources to identify gaps and outlining a systematic approach to analyze the 88 documents that met the inclusion criteria. Findings revealed that the maritime industry is witnessing the development of simulated training, smart devices, unmanned vessels, 5G networks, drones, augmented reality, digital transformation in ports, smart ships, efficient ports, automated and autonomous vessels are anticipated to be the industry's future. The integration of information and communication technology enhance port productivity and support fleets' energy transition, while remote vessel operations and unmanned autonomous vessels improve operational flexibility and energy efficiency. The adoption of very low energy systems and emissions benefit future waterborne services. The research findings are valuable to researchers and experts in the maritime field and waterborne service industries

Effects of the Fuel Price Increase on the Operating Cost of Freight Transport Vehicles

One of the most important criteria in freight modal choices is the transport operating cost in which fuel price changes has a significant effect on it. This paper presents the impact of fuel price increases on the operating cost of the different transport modes for the containerized freight transportation. In this study, an operating cost equation was applied to compare the operating cost of different freight transport vehicles as well as evaluation of the operating cost changes across a range of fuel prices between the current price and one-hundred percent increase. The equation consists of influential parameters such as fuel cost, driver wage and maintenance cost of a vehicle. It has been concluded that the effect of the fuel price increase on the operating cost of different freight transportation modes is not in the same rate. According to equation and effective parameters considered, comparing the results showed that truck has the highest cost, train has the largest increase in price. Finally, the ship is the most influenced vehicle in terms of operating cost percentage increase when the rate of fuel price increase, followed by train and truck