Vieillissement de la population et créativité sociale (Population ageing and social creativity)

Vieillir, ce n’est pas seulement un problème biologique et propre à chaque individu, c’est aussi un problème économique et collectif. Alors que l’espérance de vie (en bonne santé) augmente grâce au progrès technique et médical, la période d’activité professionnelle pour une grande partie des salariés français est de plus en plus courte : entre 30 et 45 ans. Les individus de – 30 ans entrent tardivement sur la marché du travail (chômage allongement de la durée des études) et ceux de plus de 45 ans en sortent progressivement en raison des pré-retraites. Quel paradoxe ! Et surtout quel gâchis social et humain, d’autant que la génération du baby-boom arrivant à la retraite, le problème de leur financement se pose déjà avec beaucoup d’acuité. La relation âge et créativité (économique) est analysée à travers : 1) La relation âge et créativité chez les travailleurs 2) La relation âge et créativité pour les entreprises 3) La relation âge et créativité au regard de la société Abstract : To grow older is not only a biological problem, proper to each people but it is also and economic and collective problem. While expectation of life (in good health) grows thanks to technical and medical progress, the period of professional activity for a large part of French workers is shorter and shorter : between 30 and 45 years. Less than 30 years old people enter belatedly on the market labour (unemployment, studies) and more than 45 old ones leave it progressively because of "pre-retirement". What a paradox! And what a social and human mess! All the more so that the baby-boom generation attain the age of retirement. The problem of the budgeting becomes crucial. The relation between age and (economic) creativity is analysed through : 1) the relation age/creativity for workers 2) the relation age/creativity for enterprises 3) the relation age/creativity for society.Créativité sociale, retraite, vieillissement, population/social creativity, ageing, retirement

Approaches to link RNA secondary structures with splicing regulation

In higher eukaryotes, alternative splicing is usually regulated by protein factors, which bind to the pre-mRNA and affect the recognition of splicing signals. There is recent evidence that the secondary structure of the pre-mRNA may also play an important role in this process, either by facilitating or by hindering the interaction with factors and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) that regulate splicing. Moreover, the secondary structure could play a fundamental role in the splicing of yeast species, which lack many of the regulatory splicing factors present in metazoans. This review describes the steps in the analysis of the secondary structure of the pre-mRNA and its possible relation to splicing. As a working example, we use the case of yeast and the problem of the recognition of the 3-prime splice site.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figure

Radiation Induced Apoptosis of Murine Bone Marrow Cells is Independent of Early Growth Response 1 (EGR1)

An understanding of how each individual 5q chromosome critical deleted region (CDR) gene contributes to malignant transformation would foster the development of much needed targeted therapies for the treatment of therapy related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs). Early Growth Response 1 (EGR1) is a key transcriptional regulator of myeloid differentiation located within the 5q chromosome CDR that has been shown to regulate HSC (hematopoietic stem cell) quiescence as well as the master regulator of apoptosis—p53. Since resistance to apoptosis is a hallmark of malignant transformation, we investigated the role of EGR1 in apoptosis of bone marrow cells; a cell population from which myeloid malignancies arise. We evaluated radiation induced apoptosis of Egr1+/+ and Egr1-/- bone marrow cells in vitro and in vivo. EGR1 is not required for radiation induced apoptosis of murine bone marrow cells. Neither p53 mRNA (messenger RNA) nor protein expression is regulated by EGR1 in these cells. Radiation induced apoptosis of bone marrow cells by double strand DNA breaks induced p53 activation. These results suggest EGR1 dependent signaling mechanisms do not contribute to aberrant apoptosis of malignant cells in myeloid malignancies

Ligand-induced sequestering of branchpoint sequence allows conditional control of splicing

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Despite tremendous progress in understanding the mechanisms of constitutive and alternative splicing, an important and widespread step along the gene expression pathway, our ability to deliberately regulate gene expression at this step remains rudimentary. The present study was performed to investigate whether a theophylline-dependent "splice switch" that sequesters the branchpoint sequence (BPS) within RNA-theophylline complex can regulate alternative splicing.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We constructed a series of pre-mRNAs in which the BPS was inserted within theophylline aptamer. We show that theophylline-induced sequestering of BPS inhibits pre-mRNA splicing both in vitro and in vivo in a dose-dependent manner. Several lines of evidence suggest that theophylline-dependent inhibition of splicing is highly specific, and thermodynamic stability of RNA-theophylline complex as well as the location of BPS within this complex affects the efficiency of splicing inhibition. Finally, we have constructed an alternative splicing model pre-mRNA substrate in which theophylline caused exon skipping both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that a small molecule-RNA interaction can modulate alternative splicing.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These findings provide the ability to control splicing pattern at will and should have important implications for basic, biotechnological, and biomedical research.</p

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

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Relations bilatérales entre aéroports secondaires et compagnies à bas coût : Quelles justifications concurrentielles sur la base des gains d’efficacité ?

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