Micellar-polymer for enhanced oil recovery for Upper Assam Basin

One of the major enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes is chemical flooding especially for the depleted reservoirs. Chemical flooding involves injection of various chemicals like surfactant, alkali, polymer etc. to the aqueous media. Bhogpara and Nahorkatiya are two depleted reservoirs of upper Assam basin where chemical flooding can be done to recover the trapped oil that cannot be recovered by conventional flooding process. Micellar-polymer (MP) flooding involves injection of micelle and polymer to the aqueous phase to reduce interfacial tension and polymer is added to control the mobility of the solution, which helps in increasing both displacement and volumetric sweep efficiency and thereby leads to enhanced oil recovery. This work represents the use of black liquor as micelle or surfactant that is a waste product of Nowgong Paper Mills, Jagiroad, Assam, which is more efficient than the synthetic surfactants. The present study examines the effect of MP flooding through the porous media of two depleted oil fields of upper Assam basin i.e. Bhogpara and Nahorkatiya for MP EOR. This work also compares the present MP flood with the earlier work done on surfactant (S) flooding. It was experimentally determined that the MP flood is more efficient EOR process for Bhogpara and Nahorkatiya reservoirs. The study will pertain to the comprehensive interfacial tension (IFT) study and the displacement mechanism in conventional core samples

An efficient modification of the Hofmann rearrangement : synthesis of methyl carbamates

—A series of methyl carbamates was synthesized using NaOCl as an oxidant in the presence of KF/Al 2O 3/MeOH at reflux in excellent yields

EVALUATION OF ROLE OF FICUS BENGALENSIS IN MODULATION OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN DIABETIC RATS

Objectives: Our objective was to study the effects of Ficus benghalensis on cognitive behavior and oxidative stress in diabetic rats and to compare with vitamin C and glimepiride. Methods: Wistar rats of either sex randomized into five groups of diabetic rats by streptozocin (STZ), five groups of non-diabetic rats (distilled water) (n=10). Subgroup division (F. benghalensis dose I and II, i.e., 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg; Vitamin C 100 mg/kg and glimepiride 0.5 mg/kg) were done. Each drug was given to one diabetic and one non-diabetic group. Other set served as control. Assessment of blood glucose, cognitive function (using continuous avoidance apparatus and Morris water maze test), and oxidative stress (measuring Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels) were done on Day 0 and 30. The acquisition phase of cognitive behavior tests was assessed on 0, 14, and 29 days and retention phase was assessed on 1, 15, and 30 day. Results: As compared to control group, F. benghalensis dose I, dose II, and glimepiride showed significant decrease (p<0.001) in blood glucose. F. benghalensis dose I, dose II, vitamin C, and glimepiride group showed significant decrease in acquisition and retention of transfer latency on 29 and 30 days. Significant increase in retention of step-down latency on 30 day was shown by both the doses of F. benghalensis. Both doses of F. benghalensis, vitamin C and glimepiride group showed significant increase in retention of Quadrant-time in comparison to control on 30 days. Significant decrease in brain MDA levels while a significant increase in brain GSH levels was observed in all groups except control. Conclusion: F. benghalensis reverses behavioral and biochemical changes induced by STZ and effects are comparable with that of vitamin C and glimepiride