5,776 research outputs found
Twitter: A tool to improve healthcare professionals’ awareness of antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial stewardship
The World Health Organization urges international collaboration for the containment of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) or ‘superbugs’. Ifleft unchecked, AMR could result in 4.1 million deaths in Africa by 2050. Furthermore, without effective antibiotics, surgical procedureswould become much riskier and in many cases impossible. Antimicrobial stewardship requires a multidisciplinary approach; however, manyprogrammes still struggle to achieve the ‘reach’ required to educate and engage all healthcare providers (HCPs). Twitter use among SouthAfricans has grown by 129% in 12 months, from 2.4 million to 5.5 million. HCPs can use Twitter to network and connect with worldwideexperts, obtain real-time news from medical conferences, participate in live Twitter chats conducted by experts or medical organisations,or participate in international journal clubs. Used responsibly and professionally, Twitter can spread the call to action and connect frontlinehealthcare professionals to help win the battle against AMR
Off-diagonal Interactions, Hund's Rules and Pair-binding in Hubbard Molecules
We have studied the effect of including nearest-neighbor, electron-electron
interactions, in particular the off-diagonal (non density-density) terms, on
the spectra of truncated tetrahedral and icosahedral ``Hubbard molecules,''
focusing on the relevance of these systems to the physics of doped C.
Our perturbation theoretic and exact diagonalization results agree with
previous work in that the density-density term suppresses pair-binding.
However, we find that for the parameter values of interest for the
off-diagonal terms {\em enhance} pair-binding, though not enough to offset the
suppression due to the density-density term. We also find that the critical
interaction strengths for the Hund's rules violating level crossings in
C, C and C are quite insensitive to the
inclusion of these additional interactions.Comment: 20p + 5figs, Revtex 3.0, UIUC preprint P-94-10-08
Classical simulation of measurement-based quantum computation on higher-genus surface-code states
We consider the efficiency of classically simulating measurement-based
quantum computation on surface-code states. We devise a method for calculating
the elements of the probability distribution for the classical output of the
quantum computation. The operational cost of this method is polynomial in the
size of the surface-code state, but in the worst case scales as in the
genus of the surface embedding the code. However, there are states in the
code space for which the simulation becomes efficient. In general, the
simulation cost is exponential in the entanglement contained in a certain
effective state, capturing the encoded state, the encoding and the local
post-measurement states. The same efficiencies hold, with additional
assumptions on the temporal order of measurements and on the tessellations of
the code surfaces, for the harder task of sampling from the distribution of the
computational output.Comment: 21 pages, 13 figure
Diffusive counter dispersion of mass in bubbly media
We consider a liquid bearing gas bubbles in a porous medium. When gas bubbles
are immovably trapped in a porous matrix by surface-tension forces, the
dominant mechanism of transfer of gas mass becomes the diffusion of gas
molecules through the liquid. Essentially, the gas solution is in local
thermodynamic equilibrium with vapor phase all over the system, i.e., the
solute concentration equals the solubility. When temperature and/or pressure
gradients are applied, diffusion fluxes appear and these fluxes are faithfully
determined by the temperature and pressure fields, not by the local solute
concentration, which is enslaved by the former. We derive the equations
governing such systems, accounting for thermodiffusion and gravitational
segregation effects which are shown not to be neglected for geological
systems---marine sediments, terrestrial aquifers, etc. The results are applied
for the treatment of non-high-pressure systems and real geological systems
bearing methane or carbon dioxide, where we find a potential possibility of the
formation of gaseous horizons deep below a porous medium surface. The reported
effects are of particular importance for natural methane hydrate deposits and
the problem of burial of industrial production of carbon dioxide in deep
aquifers.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, Physical Review
Jahn-Teller versus quantum effects in the spin-orbital material LuVO3
We report on combined neutron and resonant x-ray scattering results,
identifying the nature of the spin-orbital ground state and magnetic
excitations in LuVO3 as driven by the orbital parameter. In particular, we
distinguish between models based on orbital Peierls dimerization, taken as a
signature of quantum effects in orbitals, and Jahn-Teller distortions, in favor
of the latter. In order to solve this long-standing puzzle, polarized neutron
beams were employed as a prerequisite in order to solve details of the magnetic
structure, which allowed quantitative intensity-analysis of extended magnetic
excitation data sets. The results of this detailed study enabled us to draw
definite conclusions about classical vs quantum behavior of orbitals in this
system and to discard the previous claims about quantum effects dominating the
orbital physics of LuVO3 and similar systems.Comment: Phys. Rev. B 91, 161104(R) (2015
Role of the Netrin-like Domain of Procollagen C-Proteinase Enhancer-1 in the Control of Metalloproteinase Activity
The netrin-like (NTR) domain is a feature of several extracellular proteins, most notably the N-terminal domain of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), where it functions as a strong inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases and some other members of the metzincin superfamily. The presence of a C-terminal NTR domain in procollagen C-proteinase enhancers (PCPEs), proteins that stimulate the activity of astacin-like tolloid proteinases, raises the possibility that this might also have inhibitory activity. Here we show that both long and short forms of the PCPE-1 NTR domain, the latter beginning at the N-terminal cysteine known to be critical for TIMP activity, show no inhibition, at micromolar concentrations, of several members of the metzincin superfamily, including matrix metalloproteinase-2, bone morphogenetic protein-1 (a tolloid proteinase), and different ADAMTS (a disintegrin and a metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) proteinases from the adamalysin family. In contrast, we report that the NTR domain within PCPE-1 leads to superstimulation of bone morphogenetic protein-1 activity in the presence of heparin and heparan sulfate. These observations point to a new mechanism whereby binding to cell surface-associated or extracellular heparin-like sulfated glycosaminoglycans might provide a means to accelerate procollagen processing in specific cellular and extracellular microenvironments
UC-69 Team 10B BChain
BChain is a new P2P file sharing system that is fully private, anonymous, globally self-verifying, and utilizes an automatic peer-maintained network of trust in data, accomplished through new methods of routing content over the whole network, encrypted, rather than per torrent download. Verification is done by adding file metadata to a blockchain giving the network consistent knowledge of each file it can transfer, and how to verify file received against the network. This enables a policy of zero trust against peers. This system is implemented by an app that interfaces with the network using the protocol, using it for upload, download and file discovery. The interface is built using web technologies, which allows for flexible use across native platforms.Advisors(s): Prof. Ken HogansonTopic(s): IoT/Cloud/NetworkingCS 485
IGR J19552+0044: A new asynchronous short period polar: "Filling the gap between intermediate and ordinary polars"
Based on XMM--Newton X-ray observations IGR J19552+0044 appears to be either
a pre-polar or an asynchronous polar. We conducted follow-up optical
observations to identify the sources and periods of variability precisely and
to classify this X-ray source correctly. Extensive multicolor photometric and
medium- to high-resolution spectroscopy observations were performed and period
search codes were applied to sort out the complex variability of the object. We
found firm evidence of discording spectroscopic (81.29+/-0.01m) and photometric
(83.599+/-0.002m) periods that we ascribe to the white dwarf (WD)\ spin period
and binary orbital period, respectively. This confirms that IGR J19552+0044 is
an asynchronous polar. Wavelength-dependent variability and its continuously
changing shape point at a cyclotron emission from a magnetic WD with a
relatively low magnetic field below 20 MG.
The difference between the WD spin period and the binary orbital period
proves that IGR J19552+0044 is a polar with the largest known degree of
asynchronism (0.97 or 3%).Comment: 9 pages, 10 figures, A&A accepte
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