Physical distancing and mental well-being in youth population of Portugal and Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic

Funding Information: This paper was made possible with the scholarship from FCT and to the Unidade de I&D CHRC – Comprehensive Health Research Centre (UI/BD/150908/2021). Also to CAPES (Code 001) and CNPQ (Research Productivity Scholarship Process 304483/2018-4). The databases are anonymous, guaranteeing data confidentiality. Funding Information: Fundação para a ciência e tecnologia (FCT) and the Unidade de I&D CHRC – Comprehensive Health Research Centre (UI/BD/150908/2021). Also to CAPES (Code 001) and CNPQ (Research Productivity Scholarship Process 304483/2018-4) Publisher Copyright: © 2022Background: The COVID-19 pandemic may affect youth's physical and mental well-being, partially because of the countries' rules to contain the virus from spreading. However, there is still uncertainty about the impact of physical distancing on youth's mental health. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of feeling agitated, anxious, down, sad, or low mood (FNF) due to physical distance measures and verify which factors are associated with young Portuguese and Brazilian people. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the instrument "COVID-19 Barometer: Social Opinion"in Portugal (March 2020 and September 2021) and from "COVID-19 Social Thermometer"in Brazil (August 2020 to April 2021); these surveys included data regarding the health and socioeconomic impact on the population. The health and sociodemographic variables of the two countries were summarized as absolute and relative frequencies. A multivariable logistic regression model was fit by country to estimate the relation between FNF and selected variables of interest. Results: Approximately 36% of the sample studied reported anxiety, agitation, sadness, or low mood almost every day in Portugal and 52% in Brazil due to physical distancing. In Portugal, having more than two comorbidities represented a greater chance of experiencing FNF every day or almost every day (odds ratio [OR] = 1.51 [CI: 1.22-1.87]) than those without comorbidities. In contrast, having a university education level represented a protector factor (OR = 0.76 [CI: 0.67-0.88]). In Brazil, being unemployed increased the chance of FNF compared to students (OR = 11.2). Conclusions: Physical distancing measures have impacted the mental well-being of the young population in Portugal and Brazil. The countries must make a quick effort to attend to and protect young people's well-being and mental health in the changing context of the current pandemic.publishersversioninpres

Global perspectives on observing ocean boundary current systems

Ocean boundary current systems are key components of the climate system, are home to highly productive ecosystems, and have numerous societal impacts. Establishment of a global network of boundary current observing systems is a critical part of ongoing development of the Global Ocean Observing System. The characteristics of boundary current systems are reviewed, focusing on scientific and societal motivations for sustained observing. Techniques currently used to observe boundary current systems are reviewed, followed by a census of the current state of boundary current observing systems globally. Next steps in the development of boundary current observing systems are considered, leading to several specific recommendations

Fungal Planet description sheets : 320–370

Novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from Malaysia: Castanediella eucalypti from Eucalyptus pellita, Codinaea acacia from Acacia mangium, Emarcea eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus brassiana, Myrtapenidiella eucalyptorum from Eucalyptus pellita, Pilidiella eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus brassiana and Strelitziana malaysiana from Acacia mangium. Furthermore, Stachybotrys sansevieriicola is described from Sansevieria ehrenbergii (Tanzania), Phacidium grevilleae from Grevillea robusta (Uganda), Graphium jumulu from Adansonia gregorii and Ophiostoma eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus marginata (Australia), Pleurophoma ossicola from bone and Plectosphaerella populi from Populus nigra (Germany), Colletotrichum neosansevieriae from Sansevieria trifasciata, Elsinoë othonnae from Othonna quinquedentata and Zeloasperisporium cliviae (Zeloasperisporiaceae fam. nov.) from Clivia sp. (South Africa), Neodevriesia pakbiae, Phaeophleospora hymenocallidis and Phaeophleospora hymenocallidicola on leaves of a fern (Thailand), Melanconium elaeidicola from Elaeis guineensis (Indonesia), Hormonema viticola from Vitis vinifera (Canary Islands), Chlorophyllum pseudoglobossum from a grassland (India), Triadelphia disseminata from an immunocompromised patient (Saudi Arabia), Colletotrichum abscissum from Citrus (Brazil), Polyschema sclerotigenum and Phialemonium limoniforme from human patients (USA), Cadophora vitícola from Vitis vinifera (Spain), Entoloma flavovelutinum and Bolbitius aurantiorugosus from soil (Vietnam), Rhizopogon granuloflavus from soil (Cape Verde Islands), Tulasnella eremophila from Euphorbia officinarum subsp. echinus (Morocco), Verrucostoma martinicensis from Danaea elliptica (French West Indies), Metschnikowia colchici from Colchicum autumnale (Bulgaria), Thelebolus microcarpus from soil (Argentina) and Ceratocystis adelpha from Theobroma cacao (Ecuador). Myrmecridium iridis (Myrmecridiales ord. nov., Myrmecridiaceae fam. nov.) is also described from Iris sp. (The Netherlands). Novel genera include (Ascomycetes): Budhanggurabania from Cynodon dactylon (Australia), Soloacrosporiella, Xenocamarosporium, Neostrelitziana and Castanediella from Acacia mangium and Sabahriopsis from Eucalyptus brassiana (Malaysia), Readerielliopsis from basidiomata of Fuscoporia wahlbergii (French Guyana), Neoplatysporoides from Aloe ferox (Tanzania), Wojnowiciella, Chrysofolia and Neoeriomycopsis from Eucalyptus (Colombia), Neophaeomoniella from Eucalyptus globulus (USA), Pseudophaeomoniella from Olea europaea (Italy), Paraphaeomoniella from Encephalartos altensteinii, Aequabiliella, Celerioriella and Minutiella from Prunus (South Africa). Tephrocybella (Basidiomycetes) represents a novel genus from wood (Italy). Morphological and culture characteristics along with ITS DNA barcodes are provided for all taxa.Alina V. Alexandrova was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project N 14-50-00029). Ekaterina F. Malysheva, Olga V. Morozova, Alexander E. Kovalenko and Eugene S. Popov acknowledge financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project 13-04-00838a and 15-04-04645a). Margarita Dueñas, María P. Martín and M. Teresa Telleria acknowledge financial support from the Plan Nacional I+D+I projects No. CGL2009-07231 and CGL2012-3559. Cony Decock gratefully acknowledges the financial support received from the FNRS / FRFC (convention FRFC 2.4544.10), the CNRS-French Guiana and the Nouragues staff, which enabled fieldwork in French Guiana, and the Belgian State – Belgian Federal Science Policy through the BCCMTM research programme.http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimjam201

Cracked tooth syndrome in irradiated patients with head and neck cancer

CNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOThe aim of this study was to assess the presence of enamel craze lines (ECLs), part of the spectrum of the so-called cracked tooth syndrome, on the surface of teeth irradiated in vivo. Forty teeth extracted from patients with head and neck cancer were pai1264335341CNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO152543/ 2015-52013/18402-82012/06138-1The authors would also like to thank Dr. Eduardo Rodrigues Fregnani for his technical assistance with a second transilluminator, which was used for the evaluation of molars sample

Activity Of Arrabidaea Chica (humb. & Bonpl.) Verlot Extracts Obtained By Biotechnological Processes On Fibroblast And Human Tumor Cells [atividade De Extratos De Arrabidaea Chica (humb. & Bonpl.) Verlot Obtidos Por Processos BiotecnolÓgicos Sobre A ProliferaÇÃo De Fibroblastos E CÉlulas Tumorais Humanas]

Arrabidaea chica (H&B) Verlot is a plant popularly known as Pariri and this species is a known source of anthocyanins, flavonoids and tannins. This report describes an approach involving enzymatic treatment prior to extraction procedures to enhance A chica crude extract anticancer activity. Anticancer activity in human cancer cell lines in vitro using a 48 h SRB cell viability assay was performed to determine growth inhibition and cytotoxic properties. The final extraction yield without enzyme treatment was higher (24.28%) compared to the enzyme-treated material (19.03%), with an enhanced aglycones anthocyanin ratio as determined by HPLC- DAD and LC-MS with direct infusion.363431436Chapman, E., Perkin, A.G., Robinson, R., (1927) J. Chem. Soc, 49, p. 3015Corrêa, M.P., (1984) Dicionário das Plantas Úteis Do Brasil e das Exóticas Cultivadas, , Re- edição Imprensa Nacional: Rio de JaneiroLorenzi, H., Matos, F.J.A., (2002) Plantas Medicinais No Brasil Nativas e Exóticas, , 1a ed., Instituto Platarum: São PauloJorge, M.P., Madjarof, C., Ruiz, A.L.T.G., Fernandes, A.T., Rodrigues, R.A.F., Sousa, I.M.O., Foglio, M.A., Carvalho, J.E., (2008) J. Ethnopharmacol, 118, p. 361Barbosa, W.L.R., Nascimento Pinto, L., Quignard, E., Vieira, J.M.S., Silva Jr., J.O.C., Albuquerque, S., (2010) Rev. Bras. Farmacogn, 18, p. 544Höfling, J.F., Anibal, P.C., Obando-Pereda, G.A., Peixoto, I.A.T., Furletti, V.F., Foglio, M.A., Gonçalves, R.B., (2010) Braz. J. Biol, 70, p. 1065Castaneda-Ovando, A., Pacheco-Hernandez, M.L., Paez-Hernandez, M.E., Rodriguez, J.A., Galan-Vidal, C.A., (2009) Food Chem, 113, p. 859Scogin, R., (1927) Biochem. Syst. Ecol, 8, p. 273Harborne, J.B., (1967) Phytochemistry, 6, p. 1643Harborne, J.B., Williams, C.A., (2001) Nat. Prod. Rep, 18, p. 310Takemura, O.S., Iinuma, M., Tosa, H., Miguel, O.G., Moreira, E.A., Nozawa, Y., (1995) Phytochemistry, 38, p. 1299Zorn, B., García-Pineres, A.J., Castro, V., Murillo, R., Mora, G., Merfort, I., (2001) Phytochemistry, 56, p. 831Devia, B., Llabres, G., Wouters, J., Dupont, L., Escribano-Bailon, M.T., De Pascual-Teresa, S., Angenot, L., Tits, M., (2002) Phytochem. Anal, 13, p. 63Alcerito, T., Barbo, F.E., Negri, G., Santos, D.Y.A.C., Meda, C.I., Young, M.C.M., Chávez, D., Blatt, C.T.T., (2002) Biochem. Syst. Ecol, 30, p. 677Pauletti, P.M., Castro-Gamboa, I., Silva, D.H.S., Young, M.C.M., Tomazela, D.M., Eberlin, M.N., Bolzani, V.S., (2003) J. Nat.Prod, 66, p. 1384Março, P.H., Poppi, R.J., Scarminio, I.S., (2008) Quim. Nova, 31, p. 1218Poorna, C.A., Prema, P., (2006) Biochem. Eng. J., 32, p. 106Kim, D.H., Kim, J.H., Bae, S.I., Seo, J.H., Oh, T.K., Lee, C.H., (2005) J. Agric. Food Chem, 53, p. 2541Li, H.-B., Wong, C.-C., Cheng, K.-W., Chen, F., (2008) LWT - Food Sci. Technol, 2, p. 104Brasil, Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA)Resolução RE No 899, de 29/05/2003. Diário Oficial da União de 30/05/2003Monks, A., Scudiero, D., Skehan, P., Shoemaker, R., Paull, K., Vistica, D., Hose, C., Boyd, M., (1991) J. Nat. Cancer Inst, 83, p. 757Shoemaker, R.H., (2006) Nat. Rev. Cancer, 6, p. 813Figueira, G.M., Ramelo, P.R., Ogasawara, D.C., Montanari, I., Zucchi, M.I., Cavallari, M.M., Foglio, M.A., (2010) Am. J. Bot, 98, p. 283Duarte, M.C.T., Pellegrino, A.C.A., Portugal, E.P., Ponezi, A.N., Franco, T.T., (2001) Braz. J. Microbiol, 31, p. 90Taffarello, D.Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil, 2008Zafra-Stone, S., Yasmin, T., Bagchi, M., Chatterjee, A., Vinson, J.A., Bagchi, D., (2007) Mol. Nutr. Food Res, 51, p. 675Kong, J.M., Chia, L.S., Goh, N.-K., Chia, T.-F., Brouillard, R., (2003) Phytochemistry, 64, p. 923Fouche, G., Cragg, G.M., Pillay, P., Kolesnikova, N., Maharaj, V.J., Senabe, J., (2008) J. Ethnopharmacol, 119, p. 455Cai, Y.-Z., Xing, J., Sun, M., Zhan, Z.-Q., Corke, H., (2005) J. Agric. Food Chem, 53, p. 994