Development of a mathematical model of the oscillatory system of agricultural mobile power equipment with attachments for the creation of their adaptive springing systems

A mathematical model of oscillations of a mobile energy means (MEM) is presented and investigated. The proposed MEM oscillation model makes it possible to determine the positions of the MEM center of mass points in various situations on a support base (agrophone) with a different microprofile. Differential equations have been compiled for computer simulation. The solution of differential equations describing the oscillations of the MEM during its movement in a compound with attachments, as well as a computational experiment-simulation modeling were performed in the software complexes Mathcad and MATLAB Simulink. The initial data used are the mass-dimensional and elastic-damping properties of the structural elements of the MEM, based on the TK-3-180 tractor, obtained by calculation and experiment and a real support base (agrophone) with a known micro- and macro profile. The model makes it possible to study the dynamic processes of the oscillatory system “Support base (agrophone) – running system – machine frame with attachments – cab”. The results of computer simulation modeling are presented – graphs showing fluctuations of sprung and unsprung masses of MEM when moving on different backgrounds

Substantiation of the range of changes in the elastic-damping and inertial characteristics of the oscillatory system of agricultural MES with mounted technological equipment

This article discusses the issue of substantiating the range of changes in the elastic-damping and mass-inertial characteristics of agricultural mobile power equipment (MES) with mounted technological equipment. Substantiation of the range of changes in the elastic-damping and inertial characteristics of an oscillatory system is an important stage in the design process of various mechanical systems and equipment. In this article, the authors present experimental data necessary for further studies of the springing system and present a study aimed at ensuring optimal operating conditions of the system, minimizing the level of vibrations and vibrations, predicting the behavior of the system in various operating conditions and modes. The article describes the research methods used, presents the results and draws conclusions. The research plays an important role in the design of agricultural MEAS aggregated with various technological equipment

Экологическая безопасность транспортно-технологических средств

Abstract. Intensified production, an increased fleet of vehicles with internal combustion engines, as well as increased operational mass of transport and technological vehicles continuously aggravate the environmental situation in the world every year. (Research purpose) To identify the main impacts made by the transport and technological vehicles on the environment and the problems associated with their disposal, as well as with the disposal of automobile and tractor tires. (Materials and methods) The authors have generalized the materials published in periodicals, as well as the results of bench, field and operational tests of the transport and technological vehicles. (Results and discussion) The authors have identified the problem of the destructive impact of the wheeled movers on the supporting road surface, the soil and the soil cover. Measurements have been taken under the contact area of several mover types and the values of the stress-strained state of the soil affected by these movers have been determined in the form of the distribution of normal stress diagrams. The authors have also studied the influence of the design features of transport and technological vehicles performing curvilinear motion on the track size and soil destruction and identified characteristic patterns of the track. Conclusion has been made that in winter the level of environmental pollution depends on the road surface condition and the use of chemical reagents for deicing. The authors have considered a possibility of using electrical-and-hydraulic technology for the disposal of transport and technological vehicles and stressed the need to form regulatory documents for the designing, operation and disposal of transport and technological vehicles, taking into account foreign experience in organizing the environmental management system, as well as environmental auditing and labeling, the procedure for assessing the environmental performance of production systems and products at all life cycle stages. (Conclusions) The paper presents the main impact factors of the transport and technological vehicles on the environment during their life cycle up to full disposal. The authors have proved the need for a safe and energy-saving electro-hydraulic technology for the disposal of electronic components and batteries of transport and technological vehicles based on selective destruction of plastic casings and the separation of pure noble, rare-earth and other metals and their alloys.Реферат. Интенсификация производства, рост парка машин с двигателями внутреннего сгорания, а также увеличение эксплуатационной массы транспортно-технологических средств с каждым годом все больше обостряют экологическую ситуацию в мире. (Цель исследования) Выявить основные факторы воздействия транспортно-технологических средств на окружающую среду и проблемы, связанные с их утилизацией, а также с утилизацией автомобильных и тракторных шин. (Материалы и методы) Обобщили материалы, опубликованные в периодической печати, а также результаты испытаний транспортно-технологических средств – стендовых, полигонных и эксплуатационных. (Результаты и обсуждение) Выявили проблему разрушающего воздействия колесного движителя на опорную поверхность дороги, почвы и почвенный покров. Провели замеры под пятном контакта нескольких типов движителей. Определили величины напряженно-деформированного состояния почвы от воздействия этих движителей в виде распределения эпюр нормальных напряжений. Изучили влияние конструктивных особенностей транспортно-технологических средств при их криволинейном движении на размер колеи и разрушение почвы. Выделили характерные зоны следа. Заключили, что зимой уровень экологического загрязнения зависит от состояния дорожного покрытия и использования химических реагентов для борьбы с гололедом. Рассмотрели возможность использования электрогидравлической технологии при утилизации транспортно-технологических средств. Отметили необходимость формирования нормативно-правовых документов при создании, эксплуатации и утилизации транспортно-технологических средств с учетом зарубежного опыта по организации системы экологического управления, а также экологического аудита и маркировки, порядка оценки экологичности производственных систем и продукции на всех стадиях жизненного цикла. (Выводы) Представили основные факторы воздействия транспортно-технологических средства на окружающую среду в период жизненного цикла, вплоть до полной утилизации. Доказали необходимость безопасной и энергосберегающей электрогидравлической технологии утилизации электронных компонент и аккумуляторных батарей транспортно-технологических средств, базирующейся на избирательном разрушении пластиковых корпусов и выделении чистых благородных, редкоземельных и других металлов и их сплавов

THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE TRACTOR POWER TRANSMISSIONS DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS ON THE BASE OF THE MULTICRITERIAL OPTIMIZATION METHODS

The purpose of the work: the improvement of methods of the investigation of the dynamic systems of the power transmissions torsional vibrations and multicriterial optimization of parameters of its structures to reduce the dynamic loading, to increase the durability and to improve the tractor operational indicators. The mathematical modeling of the dynamic processes, using the methods of the classic and statistic dynamics, the optimization designs, tensometric experiments with the stand and field tests have been performed. The mathematical models of the dynamic systems of power transmissions, the method of the linear models simplification, the spectral methods of the unlinear systems investigation, have been developed; the methods of the multicriterial optimization on the base of the preferences model, selection of the optimum law of control by the friction devices have been improved. Created have been the software for the evaluation of the power transmissions dynamic properties, its multicriterial optimization has been performed; the construction of the halffaxles of the driving axle with the unlinear stiffness characteristic has been developed as well as the development of recommendations on the reduction of the dynamic loading of tractors T-130, T-170, T-10 and T-25.01, the data base Prochnost has been created. The experimental constructions of the halfaxles of tractors T-150K, sun gears of the side reduction gear of tractors T-25.01 have been created; the experimental batch of tractors T-130, T-170, T-10 has been madeAvailable from VNTIC / VNTIC - Scientific & Technical Information Centre of RussiaSIGLERURussian Federatio

Development of a mathematical model of the oscillatory system of agricultural mobile power equipment with attachments for the creation of their adaptive springing systems

A mathematical model of oscillations of a mobile energy means (MEM) is presented and investigated. The proposed MEM oscillation model makes it possible to determine the positions of the MEM center of mass points in various situations on a support base (agrophone) with a different microprofile. Differential equations have been compiled for computer simulation. The solution of differential equations describing the oscillations of the MEM during its movement in a compound with attachments, as well as a computational experiment-simulation modeling were performed in the software complexes Mathcad and MATLAB Simulink. The initial data used are the mass-dimensional and elastic-damping properties of the structural elements of the MEM, based on the TK-3-180 tractor, obtained by calculation and experiment and a real support base (agrophone) with a known micro- and macro profile. The model makes it possible to study the dynamic processes of the oscillatory system “Support base (agrophone) – running system – machine frame with attachments – cab”. The results of computer simulation modeling are presented – graphs showing fluctuations of sprung and unsprung masses of MEM when moving on different backgrounds

Substantiation of the range of changes in the elastic-damping and inertial characteristics of the oscillatory system of agricultural MES with mounted technological equipment

This article discusses the issue of substantiating the range of changes in the elastic-damping and mass-inertial characteristics of agricultural mobile power equipment (MES) with mounted technological equipment. Substantiation of the range of changes in the elastic-damping and inertial characteristics of an oscillatory system is an important stage in the design process of various mechanical systems and equipment. In this article, the authors present experimental data necessary for further studies of the springing system and present a study aimed at ensuring optimal operating conditions of the system, minimizing the level of vibrations and vibrations, predicting the behavior of the system in various operating conditions and modes. The article describes the research methods used, presents the results and draws conclusions. The research plays an important role in the design of agricultural MEAS aggregated with various technological equipment

Electrification of agricultural mobile power facilities based on the traction and energy concept of technology development

An important component of complex integrated energy supply systems is the electrification of mobile power facilities of the agro-industrial complex, which will significantly affect the synthesis of energy systems. The basis of mobile energy facilities are multifunctional energy technology complexes (MEC) of the traction-energy concept with multi-channel distribution of energy flows of different physical nature. Based on the logical analysis of the mobile MEC, a technological scheme consisting of three subsystems is constructed: 1) factors of external conditions; 2) general design and layout solutions; 3) energy and operational properties of the mobile MEC. Energy connections are established between these subsystems and the system elements. A differentiated method for evaluating the energy efficiency of using alternative fuels and an original mathematical model of the generalized mobile MEC have been developed, which will allow determining the type of MEC, optimal design and layout solutions, operating modes and parameters at the design stage

Simulation of the dynamic processes of a low-capacity combine harvester movement

To automate the process of harvesting crops, different types of harvesting machines are required. The most common type of machines used to automate ingathering are harvesters. The use of harvesters for collecting grain crops is rational in fields from 2 hectares. On smaller areas it is not profitable and difficult to apply. For applications in small areas, low-capacity harvesters with a throughput of the thresher up to 1 kg/s (small-sized) may be suitable. The purpose of this study is to analyze the cushioning mass control system of a low-capacity unmanned combine harvester using computer simulation, as well as the simulation of directional stability and turning. To calculate vertical vibrations in the Matlab/Simulink software package, a model of a cushioning system for a wheeled agricultural combine was prepared. In the same software package, simulation of directional stability and turning implementation was carried out. The parameters of vibration displacement, vibration velocity and acceleration, as well as the vibration frequency indicators on the operator's seat are determined. Comparison of the simulation results of the initial and corrected direction of movement of the harvester showed that for this model the maximum deviation from the planned path is a maximum of 10%, which is within acceptable limits. The maximum deviation of the harvester from the course does not exceed the permissible values, which is acceptable accuracy to ensure directional stability

Environmental Safety of Transport and Technological Vehicles

Abstract. Intensified production, an increased fleet of vehicles with internal combustion engines, as well as increased operational mass of transport and technological vehicles continuously aggravate the environmental situation in the world every year. (Research purpose) To identify the main impacts made by the transport and technological vehicles on the environment and the problems associated with their disposal, as well as with the disposal of automobile and tractor tires. (Materials and methods) The authors have generalized the materials published in periodicals, as well as the results of bench, field and operational tests of the transport and technological vehicles. (Results and discussion) The authors have identified the problem of the destructive impact of the wheeled movers on the supporting road surface, the soil and the soil cover. Measurements have been taken under the contact area of several mover types and the values of the stress-strained state of the soil affected by these movers have been determined in the form of the distribution of normal stress diagrams. The authors have also studied the influence of the design features of transport and technological vehicles performing curvilinear motion on the track size and soil destruction and identified characteristic patterns of the track. Conclusion has been made that in winter the level of environmental pollution depends on the road surface condition and the use of chemical reagents for deicing. The authors have considered a possibility of using electrical-and-hydraulic technology for the disposal of transport and technological vehicles and stressed the need to form regulatory documents for the designing, operation and disposal of transport and technological vehicles, taking into account foreign experience in organizing the environmental management system, as well as environmental auditing and labeling, the procedure for assessing the environmental performance of production systems and products at all life cycle stages. (Conclusions) The paper presents the main impact factors of the transport and technological vehicles on the environment during their life cycle up to full disposal. The authors have proved the need for a safe and energy-saving electro-hydraulic technology for the disposal of electronic components and batteries of transport and technological vehicles based on selective destruction of plastic casings and the separation of pure noble, rare-earth and other metals and their alloys