Mesospheric Gravity Waves Observed Near Equatorial and Low-Middle Latitude Stations: Wave Characteristics and Reverse Ray Tracing Results

Gravity wave signatures were extracted from OH airglow observations using all-sky CCD imagers at four different stations: Cachoeira Paulista (CP) (22.7° S, 45° W) and São João do Cariri (7.4° S, 36.5° W), Brazil; Tanjungsari (TJS) (6.9° S, 107.9° E), Indonesia and Shigaraki (34.9° N, 136° E), Japan. The gravity wave parameters are used as an input in a reverse ray tracing model to study the gravity wave vertical propagation trajectory and to estimate the wave source region. Gravity waves observed near the equator showed a shorter period and a larger phase velocity than those waves observed at low-middle latitudes. The waves ray traced down into the troposphere showed the largest horizontal wavelength and phase speed. The ray tracing results also showed that at CP, Cariri and Shigaraki the majority of the ray paths stopped in the mesosphere due to the condition of m2\u3c0, while at TJS most of the waves are traced back into the troposphere. In summer time, most of the back traced waves have their final position stopped in the mesosphere due to m2\u3c0 or critical level interactions (|m|→∞), which suggests the presence of ducting waves and/or waves generated in-situ. In the troposphere, the possible gravity wave sources are related to meteorological front activities and cloud convections at CP, while at Cariri and TJS tropical cloud convections near the equator are the most probable gravity wave sources. The tropospheric jet stream and the orography are thought to be the major responsible sources for the waves observed at Shigaraki

Sexto reporte de eventos adversos con tratamientos biológicos en Argentina. Informe del registro BIOBADASAR

Objetivo: actualizar los resultados del registro BIOBADASAR sobre seguridad, duración y causas de interrupción del tratamiento luego de 8 años de seguimiento. Métodos: BIOBADASAR es un registro de seguridad de terapias biológicas establecido por la Sociedad Argentina de Reumatología. Se presenta la descripción de BIOBADASAR 3.0, una cohorte compuesta por 53 centros de Argentina seguidos prospectivamente desde agosto de 2010 hasta enero de 2018

Optimization of process parameters for crease resistant finishing of cotton fabric using citric acid

359-367Citric acid has been identified as a successful non-formaldehyde-based crosslinking agent and the process parameters used for citric acid finishing treatment on cotton fabric optimized. An experiment has been designed using Box and Behnken method with three levels and their three variables, such as citric acid as a crosslinking agent, trisodiumcitrate as catalyst and curing temperature. Regression equations have been obtained to analyse fabric properties of 27 combinations and the optimum process parameters identified. The optimum process parameters are found to be 20% citric acid, 6% trisodiumcitrate and 180°C curing temperature. It is observed that the high conc. of citric acid increases the crease recovery angle and reduces the tensile strength of cotton fabric. Trisodiumcitrate acts as very good catalyst at all curing temperatures

Effect of pretreatment of <i>Cassia fistula</i> Linn. leaf extract against subacute CCl₄ induced hepatotoxicity in rats

526-530CCl4 alone treatment (0.1 ml of liquid paraffin/100g body weight, ip) for 7 days followed by 0.1 ml of CCl4 (in liquid parafiin/100g body weight, ip) from day 8 till day 14, caused a 16 fold increase in lipid peroxidation and a 50% reduction in catalase and glutathione reductase in liver tissue of rats accompanied by an increase in the activities of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and γ- glutamyl transpeptidase in serum as compared to liquid paraffin treated control. Pretreatment of ethanolic leaf extract of C. fistula (500mg/kg body weight/day for 7 days) followed by CCl4 treatment (0.1 ml/100g body weight from day 8 till day 14) completely reversed back lipid peroxidation and the activities of catalase and glutathione reductase in the liver tissue towards normalcy. This treatment also reversed the elevated levels of the enzymes in the serum. Ethanolic leaf extract alone treatment did not produce any change in all the parameters studied. The results suggest antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties of C. fistula during its pretreatment against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity

Cu/TiO2 thin films prepared by reactive RF magnetron sputtering

Cu/TiO2 thin films were deposited on glass substrates by reactive RF magnetron sputtering technique. Crystalline structure, surface morphology and electronic structure were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Transmittance and absorptance of these films were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy. XRD patterns demonstrate that TiO2 films deposited on glass substrate at 300 °C are observed to be in pure anatase phase, whereas Cu/TiO2 films are amorphous in nature at 300 °C substrate temperature. The crystallinity of Cu/TiO2 thin films decreases with increasing the dopant concentrations of Cu in TiO2 films. XPS studies show that Cu is in +2 oxidation state in all films. The optical band gap of Cu/TiO2 films decreases from ~3.3 to ~2.0 eV with the increase in the copper concentration. Further, antimicrobial studies of Cu/TiO2 films with ~3.9 at.% Cu exhibit high transmittance and best antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus compared to other doped films