49 research outputs found
Bibliometrics Analysis and Density-Equalizing Mapping
The objective of this paper is to provide a detailed evaluation of type 2
diabetes mellitus research output from 1951-2012, using large-scale data
analysis, bibliometric indicators and density-equalizing mapping. Data were
retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded database, one of the seven
curated databases within Web of Science. Using Boolean operators "OR", "AND"
and "NOT", a search strategy was developed to estimate the total number of
published items. Only studies with an English abstract were eligible. Type 1
diabetes and gestational diabetes items were excluded. Specific software
developed for the database analysed the data. Information including titles,
authors’ affiliations and publication years were extracted from all files and
exported to excel. Density-equalizing mapping was conducted as described by
Groenberg-Kloft et al, 2008. A total of 24,783 items were published and cited
476,002 times. The greatest number of outputs were published in 2010
(n=2,139). The United States contributed 28.8% to the overall output, followed
by the United Kingdom (8.2%) and Japan (7.7%). Bilateral cooperation was most
common between the United States and United Kingdom (n=237). Harvard
University produced 2% of all publications, followed by the University of
California (1.1%). The leading journals were Diabetes, Diabetologia and
Diabetes Care and they contributed 9.3%, 7.3% and 4.0% of the research yield,
respectively. In conclusion, the volume of research is rising in parallel with
the increasing global burden of disease due to type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Bibliometrics analysis provides useful information to scientists and funding
agencies involved in the development and implementation of research strategies
to address global health issues
On Invariant Notions of Segre Varieties in Binary Projective Spaces
Invariant notions of a class of Segre varieties \Segrem(2) of PG(2^m - 1,
2) that are direct products of copies of PG(1, 2), being any positive
integer, are established and studied. We first demonstrate that there exists a
hyperbolic quadric that contains \Segrem(2) and is invariant under its
projective stabiliser group \Stab{m}{2}. By embedding PG(2^m - 1, 2) into
\PG(2^m - 1, 4), a basis of the latter space is constructed that is invariant
under \Stab{m}{2} as well. Such a basis can be split into two subsets whose
spans are either real or complex-conjugate subspaces according as is even
or odd. In the latter case, these spans can, in addition, be viewed as
indicator sets of a \Stab{m}{2}-invariant geometric spread of lines of PG(2^m
- 1, 2). This spread is also related with a \Stab{m}{2}-invariant
non-singular Hermitian variety. The case is examined in detail to
illustrate the theory. Here, the lines of the invariant spread are found to
fall into four distinct orbits under \Stab{3}{2}, while the points of PG(7,
2) form five orbits.Comment: 18 pages, 1 figure; v2 - version accepted in Designs, Codes and
Cryptograph
Investigating the Potential and Pitfalls of EV-Encapsulated MicroRNAs as Circulating Biomarkers of Breast Cancer
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) shuttle microRNA (miRNA) throughout the circulation and are believed to represent a fingerprint of the releasing cell. We isolated and characterized serum EVs of breast tumour-bearing animals, breast cancer (BC) patients, and healthy controls. EVs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), protein quantification, western blotting, and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Absolute quantitative (AQ)-PCR was employed to analyse EV-miR-451a expression. Isolated EVs had the appropriate morphology and size. Patient sera contained significantly more EVs than did healthy controls. In tumour-bearing animals, a correlation between serum EV number and tumour burden was observed. There was no significant relationship between EV protein yield and EV quantity determined by NTA, highlighting the requirement for direct quantification. Using AQ-PCR to relate miRNA copy number to EV yield, a significant increase in miRNA-451a copies/EV was detected in BC patient sera, suggesting potential as a novel biomarker of breast cancer
Younger age as a prognostic indicator in breast cancer: A cohort study
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The debate continues as to whether younger women who present with breast cancer have a more aggressive form of disease and a worse prognosis. The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of breast cancer in women under 40 years old and to analyse the clinicopathological characteristics and outcome compared to an older patient cohort.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Data was acquired from a review of charts and the prospectively reviewed GUH Department of Surgery database. Included in the study were 276 women diagnosed with breast cancer under the age of forty and 2869 women over forty. For survival analysis each women less than 40 was matched with two women over forty for both disease stage and grade.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The proportion of women diagnosed with breast cancer under the age of forty in our cohort was 8.8%. In comparison to their older counterparts, those under forty had a higher tumour grade (p = 0.044) and stage (p = 0.046), a lower incidence of lobular tumours (p < 0.001), higher estrogen receptor negativity (p < 0.001) and higher <it>HER2 </it>over-expression (p = 0.002); there was no statistical difference as regards tumour size (p = 0.477). There was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) for both groups; and factors like tumour size (p = 0.026), invasion (p = 0.026) and histological type (p = 0.027), PR (p = 0.031) and <it>HER2 </it>(p = 0.002) status and treatment received were independent predictors of OS</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Breast cancer in younger women has distinct histopathological characteristics; however, this does not result in a reduced survival in this population.</p
Breast cancer research output, 1945-2008: a bibliometric and density-equalizing analysis
Use of Repeated Blood Pressure and Cholesterol Measurements to Improve Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction: An Individual-Participant-Data Meta-Analysis
Genetic architecture, epigenetic influence and environment exposure in the pathogenesis of Autism
Breast cancer research output, 1945-2008: a bibliometric and density-equalizing analysis
Impact of extent of parotid resection on postoperative wound complications: a prospective study
BackgroundSialocele and salivary fistula are common complications after parotidectomy. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether extent of parotidectomy influences the incidence of these complications.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study of 66 consecutive parotidectomies. Cases undergoing skin or bone resection or flap reconstruction were excluded. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on extent of surgery: group 1 (extracapsular dissection or partial superficial parotidectomy); and group 2 (superficial parotidectomy or more extensive resection). The incidence of postoperative sialocele, salivary fistula, and facial weakness was studied.ResultsEleven patients (16.7%) developed a sialocele, and 4 (6.1%) developed a salivary fistula. Group 1 had a significantly higher incidence of wound complications (p=.008), but a significantly lower incidence of facial weakness (p=.004).ConclusionLess extensive parotid resection seems to be associated with a higher incidence of postoperative sialocele and salivary fistula, but is also associated with less postoperative facial nerve dysfunction. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck37: 64-68, 201