8,987 research outputs found
L'CO/LFIR Relations with CO Rotational Ladders of Galaxies Across the Herschel SPIRE Archive
We present a catalog of all CO (J=4-3 through J=13-12)), [CI], [NII] lines
available from extragalactic spectra from the Herschel SPIRE Fourier Transform
Spectrometer (FTS) archive combined with observations of the low-J CO lines
from the literature and from the Arizona Radio Observatory. This work examines
the relationships between LFIR, L'CO, and LCO/LCO(1-0). We also present a new
method for estimating probability distribution functions (PDFs) from marginal
signal-to-noise ratio Herschel} FTS spectra, which takes into account the
instrumental "ringing" and the resulting highly correlated nature of the
spectra. The slopes of log(LFIR) vs. log(L'CO) are linear for all mid- to
high-J CO lines and slightly sublinear if restricted to (U)LIRGs. The mid- to
high-J CO luminosity relative to CO J=1-0 increases with increasing LFIR,
indicating higher excitement of the molecular gas, though these ratios do not
exceed ~ 180. For a given bin in LFIR, the luminosities relative to CO J=1-0
remain relatively flat from J=6-5 through J=13-12, across three orders of
magnitude of LFIR. A single component theoretical photon-dominated region (PDR)
model cannot match these flat SLED shapes, though combinations of PDR models
with mechanical heating added qualitatively match the shapes, indicating the
need for further comprehensive modeling of the excitation processes of warm
molecular gas in nearby galaxies.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures (including appendix), accepted by ApJ. Full
tables will be in VizieR upon publication, email first author for tables in
the meantim
The design and implementation of the Technical Facilities Controller (TFC) for the Goldstone deep space communications complex
The Technical Facilities Controller is a microprocessor-based energy management system that is to be implemented in the Deep Space Network facilities. This system is used in conjunction with facilities equipment at each of the complexes in the operation and maintenance of air-conditioning equipment, power generation equipment, power distribution equipment, and other primary facilities equipment. The implementation of the Technical Facilities Controller was completed at the Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex and is now operational. The installation completed at the Goldstone Complex is described and the utilization of the Technical Facilities Controller is evaluated. The findings will be used in the decision to implement a similar system at the overseas complexes at Canberra, Australia, and Madrid, Spain
Comment on ``Constraints on the strength of primordial B-fields from big bang nucleosynthesis reexamined''
Recently Cheng, Olinto, Schramm and Truran (COST) reexamined the constraints
from big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) on the strength of primordial magnetic
fields. Their bottom line agreed with that of an earlier recent paper on the
subject (Kernan, Starkman and Vachaspati (KSV)), both in its final limit on the
magnetic field during BBN, and in its conclusion that for allowed values of the
magnetic field the dominant factor for BBN is the increased expansion rate at a
given temperature caused by the energy density of the magnetic field,
. However, their conclusion that weak interaction rates increased
with increasing B-field at these low field values contradicted the earlier
results of KSV. In this comment we point out that the Taylor series expansion
of the weak interaction rate about B=0 used in COST is not well-defined, while
the Euler-McLaurin expansion of KSV is well-behaved and reliable. Using the
Euler-McLaurin expansion we find that the weak interaction rates decrease
rather than increase with increasing B-field at small values of the B-field.Comment: 4 pages, Latex, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Reducing the complexity of a multiview H.264/AVC and HEVC hybrid architecture
With the advent of 3D displays, an efficient encoder is required to compress the video information needed by them. Moreover, for gradual market acceptance of this new technology, it is advisable to offer backward compatibility with existing devices. Thus, a multiview H.264/Advance Video Coding (AVC) and High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) hybrid architecture was proposed in the standardization process of HEVC. However, it requires long encoding times due to the use of HEVC. With the aim of tackling this problem, this paper presents an algorithm that reduces the complexity of this hybrid architecture by reducing the encoding complexity of the HEVC views. By using Na < ve-Bayes classifiers, the proposed technique exploits the information gathered in the encoding of the H.264/AVC view to make decisions on the splitting of coding units in HEVC side views. Given the novelty of the proposal, the only similar work found in the literature is an unoptimized version of the algorithm presented here. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve a good tradeoff between coding efficiency and complexity
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CO <i>J</i> = 2-1 mapping of NGC 1976
The authors present 77 CO J = 2-1 spectra centred upon four areas about the periphery of the Orion nebula NGC 1976. These reveal evidence of extensive line splitting, with primary components at VLSR ~ 12 km s-1 and VLSR ~ 7 km s-1. The spatial structure of the regions responsible for these components appears to differ appreciably, and various arguments are outlined to suggest that two distinct segments of a single enveloping cloud are responsible; one to the rear of the H II region (VLSR ~ 7 km s-1), associated with various star formation zones, the other in front of NGC 1976, and responsible for localised foreground extinction. This contrasts with previous models, which have proposed compressive shock regions ahead of local ionisation fronts; an hypothesis which is shown not to be necessary, and may be inconsistent with the observed width and conformity of the line splitting zone
Badger: Complexity Analysis with Fuzzing and Symbolic Execution
Hybrid testing approaches that involve fuzz testing and symbolic execution
have shown promising results in achieving high code coverage, uncovering subtle
errors and vulnerabilities in a variety of software applications. In this paper
we describe Badger - a new hybrid approach for complexity analysis, with the
goal of discovering vulnerabilities which occur when the worst-case time or
space complexity of an application is significantly higher than the average
case. Badger uses fuzz testing to generate a diverse set of inputs that aim to
increase not only coverage but also a resource-related cost associated with
each path. Since fuzzing may fail to execute deep program paths due to its
limited knowledge about the conditions that influence these paths, we
complement the analysis with a symbolic execution, which is also customized to
search for paths that increase the resource-related cost. Symbolic execution is
particularly good at generating inputs that satisfy various program conditions
but by itself suffers from path explosion. Therefore, Badger uses fuzzing and
symbolic execution in tandem, to leverage their benefits and overcome their
weaknesses. We implemented our approach for the analysis of Java programs,
based on Kelinci and Symbolic PathFinder. We evaluated Badger on Java
applications, showing that our approach is significantly faster in generating
worst-case executions compared to fuzzing or symbolic execution on their own
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