Три новых чужеродных вида из семейства Chenopodiaceae во флоре России

Three new alien species of Chenopodiaceae s. str. (Amaranthaceae s. l.) are reported for the flora of Russia, the North American Chenopodiastrum simplex and Australian Dysphania carinata and D. pumilio. The identification of the specimens of Chenopodiastrum simplex from Moschny Island in the Leningrad Region (European Russia) was confirmed using both morphological and phylogenetic analyses. Morphologically, C. simplex is very similar to C. badachschanicum having the same fruit and seed characters. A single specimen of Dysphania carinata from Primorye Territory (the Russian Far East) was previously identified as Chenopodium pumilio (≡ Dysphania pumilio) incorrectly. Only recently, the latter species has been indeed found in Beslan town, Republic of North Ossetia - Alania (the North Caucasus). For each species, the possible degree of naturalization is discussed

Preparation of nano/micro bimodal aluminum powder by electrical explosion of wires

Electrical explosion of aluminum wires has been shown to be a versatile method for the preparation of bimodal nano/micro powders. The energy input into the wire has been found to determine the relative content of fine and coarse particles in bimodal aluminum powders. The use of aluminum bimodal powders has been shown to be promising for the development of high flowability feedstocks for metal injection molding and material extrusion additive manufacturing

Antibacterial properties of PMMA functionalized with CuFe2O4/Cu2O/CuO nanoparticles

We have prepared a composite thin coating by incorporation of CuFe2O4/Cu2O/CuO nanoparticles in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) matrix by using the solution casting method. The electrical explosion of two twisted wires (EETW) was used to obtain multicomponent CuFe2O4/Cu2O/CuO nanoparticles with an average particle size of 20–70 nm. The microscopic studies showed that the nanoparticles in the composite coatings are evenly distributed. However, nanoparticles are strongly agglomerated as the powder concentration in the coating increases to 5 wt.% and 10 wt.%, as the size of particle agglomerates increases to 50 and 100 µm, respectively. Therefore, nanoparticles were pre-treated with ultrasound when introduced into the PMMA matrix. The thermal stability of the composite coating does not change with the introduction of CuFe2O4/Cu2O/CuO nanoparticles in the amount of 5 wt.%. The inclusion of nanoparticles in the PMMA matrix significantly enhances its antibacterial activity. The addition of 5 wt.% nanoparticles inhibited the growth of E. coli by 100% and the growth of MRSA by 99.94% compared to pure PMMA already after 3 h of exposure of bacteria on the surface of the composites. This research provides an easy-to-manufacture and cost-efficient method for producing a uFe2O4/Cu2O/CuO/PMMA composite coating with a broad application as an antibacterial material

Synthesis of novel hierarchical micro/nanostructures AlOOH/AlFe and their application for As(V) removal

Hierarchical micro/nanostructured composites, which contain iron and/or its (hydr)oxides, demonstrate high rate and capacity of arsenic adsorption. The main objective of this paper is the use of novel low toxicity AlOOH/AlFe hierarchical micro/nanostructures for arsenic removal. AlOOH/AlFe composite was obtained by simple water oxidation in mild conditions using AlFe bimetallic nanopowder as a precursor. AlFe bimetallic nanopowder was produced by electrical explosive of two twisted wires in argon atmosphere. The productivity of the electrical explosion assembly was 50 g/h, with the consumption of the electrical energy was 75 kW·h/kg. AlFe bimetallic nanoparticles were chemically active and interacted with water at 60 °C. This nanocomposite AlOOH/AlFe is low cost and adsorbs more than 200 mg/g As(V) from its aqueous solution. AlOOH/AlFe composite has flower-like morphology and specific surface area 247.1 m2/g. The phase composition of nanostructures is present AlOOH boehmite and AlFe intermetallic compound. AlOOH/AlFe composite was not previously used for this. The flower-shape AlOOH morphology not only facilitated deliverability, but increased the As(V) sorption capacity by up to 200 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics has been found to be described by a pseudo-second-order equation of Lagergren and Weber-Morris models while the experimental adsorption isotherm is closest to the Freundlich model. This indicates the energy heterogeneity of the adsorbent surface and multilayer adsorption. The use of non-toxic nanostructures opens up new options to treat water affected by arsenic pollution

Synthesis of Ti–Al bimodal powder for high flowability feedstock by electrical explosion of wires

In this research, Ti–Al bimodal powders were produced by simultaneous electrical explosion of titanium and aluminum wires. The resulting powders were used to prepare powder–polymer feedstocks. Material characterization involving X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and melt flow index (MFI) determination were carried out to characterize bimodal powders obtained and evaluate the influence of the powder composition on the feedstock flowability. The bimodal distribution of particles in powders has been found to be achieved at a current density of 1.2 × 107 A/cm2 (the rate of energy input is 56.5 J/µs). An increase in the current density to 1.6 × 107 A/cm2 leads to a decrease in the content of micron particles and turning into a monomodal particle size distribution. The use of bimodal powders for powder–polymer feedstocks allows to achieve higher MFI values compared with monomodal powders. In addition, the use of electroexplosive synthesis of bimodal powders makes it possible to achieve a homogeneous distribution of micro- and nanoparticles in the feedstock

Removal of Petroleum Products from Water using Disperse and Fibrous Sorbents

Извлечены водорастворимые и эмульгированные нефтепродукты из воды с помощью ультрадисперсного оксигидроксида алюминия и волокнистых материалов (полипропилен, углеволокно, базальт) в статическом и динамическом режимах. Показано, что совместное применение дисперсных материалов и волокон в многослойных фильтрах-адсорберах эффективно очищает воду от нефтепродуктов различной дисперсности в широком диапазоне концентраций. Разработана фильтроадсорбционная технология очистки сточных нефтесодержащих вод, которая реализована в виде комплекта фильтроадсорбционной аппаратуры. Производительность установки из 6 аппаратов составляет 1 - 5 м3/ч при исходных концентрациях нефтепродуктов 10 - 300 мг/л. Суммарная степень извлечения нефтепродуктов на трех ступенях достигает 98 %. Кроме нефтепродуктов удаляются ионы тяжелых металлов, органические загрязнители, ПАВ и др.Water-soluble and emulsified petroleum products were removed from water using ultrafine oxyhydroxide of aluminium and fibrous materials (polypropylene, carbon fiber and basalt) under static and dynamic modes. Combined application of the dispersed materials and fibers in multi-layer filters-adsorbents was demonstrated to be effective in water purification from petroleum products of various dispersions in a wide range of their concentrations. Filtering-adsorption technology has been developed to purify petroleum-containing sewage, which was realized as a set of filter-adsorption equipment. The capacity of the installation consisting of 6 apparatus is 1 - 5 m3/h at the initial concentration of petroleum products 10 - 300 mg/L. Total degree of petroleum product removal at three levels amounts to 98 %. Besides petroleum products ions of heavy metals, organic contaminants, surfactants and other substances are also removed

Removal of Petroleum Products from Water using Disperse and Fibrous Sorbents

Извлечены водорастворимые и эмульгированные нефтепродукты из воды с помощью ультрадисперсного оксигидроксида алюминия и волокнистых материалов (полипропилен, углеволокно, базальт) в статическом и динамическом режимах. Показано, что совместное применение дисперсных материалов и волокон в многослойных фильтрах-адсорберах эффективно очищает воду от нефтепродуктов различной дисперсности в широком диапазоне концентраций. Разработана фильтроадсорбционная технология очистки сточных нефтесодержащих вод, которая реализована в виде комплекта фильтроадсорбционной аппаратуры. Производительность установки из 6 аппаратов составляет 1 - 5 м3/ч при исходных концентрациях нефтепродуктов 10 - 300 мг/л. Суммарная степень извлечения нефтепродуктов на трех ступенях достигает 98 %. Кроме нефтепродуктов удаляются ионы тяжелых металлов, органические загрязнители, ПАВ и др.Water-soluble and emulsified petroleum products were removed from water using ultrafine oxyhydroxide of aluminium and fibrous materials (polypropylene, carbon fiber and basalt) under static and dynamic modes. Combined application of the dispersed materials and fibers in multi-layer filters-adsorbents was demonstrated to be effective in water purification from petroleum products of various dispersions in a wide range of their concentrations. Filtering-adsorption technology has been developed to purify petroleum-containing sewage, which was realized as a set of filter-adsorption equipment. The capacity of the installation consisting of 6 apparatus is 1 - 5 m3/h at the initial concentration of petroleum products 10 - 300 mg/L. Total degree of petroleum product removal at three levels amounts to 98 %. Besides petroleum products ions of heavy metals, organic contaminants, surfactants and other substances are also removed

Influence of aerogel texture on spectral line parameters of CO confined inside aerogel pores

The influence of sintering of an aerogel sample on spectral line parameters of carbon monoxide confined inside aerogel pores is studied for the first time. The measurements were carried out in the 4000–4400 cm–1 spectral range using the Bruker IFS 125HR spectrometer. It is shown that the sintering increased CO halfwidths but did not affect rotational dependences of CO lines