Re-imagining the Collegiate Ideal: An Exploration of the Higher Education Motivations and Self-Formation of Students From International Schools

There has been a substantial growth in global student mobility in the last twenty years, with almost five million students choosing to study outside their home country for tertiary education. Likewise, P12 international schools have experienced tremendous growth, with over five million students enrolled worldwide. Students from international schools often find themselves at a crossroads when choosing a university. To unpack the college choice process and understand how students viewed their transnational identities as important factors in their self-formation, researchers interviewed 19 graduating students from international schools and countries across the world. This longitudinal phenomenological study used self-formation (Marginson, 2018) and the push-pull theory (Altbach, 1998) as theoretical frameworks. Researchers explored the key people and experiences that shaped students’ college choice process and their expectations for the future through semi-structured interviews. The conversations highlighted four main elements that shaped their views of the ideal university experience: pre-college experiences, college explorations, college choice, and post-college aspirations. The second round of interviews will explore how students’ college expectations have compared to their actual experience, and how their transnational identities and self-formation has evolved.https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gradposters2020_education/1000/thumbnail.jp

Performance of the PROMIS After Operative Interventions for Shoulder Instability

Background: The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) was developed to capture patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in an efficient manner. Few studies have assessed this instrument postoperatively. Purpose: To compare the PROMIS Physical Function computer adaptive test (PROMIS PF CAT) and Upper Extremity (PROMIS UE) item bank to other previously validated PRO instruments and to evaluate ceiling and floor effects and construct validity responsiveness in patients who underwent operative interventions for shoulder instability. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 72 patients who underwent operative interventions for shoulder instability completed the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) assessment form, Marx shoulder activity scale (Marx), 36-Item Short Form Health Survey physical function (SF-36 PF) and general health (SF-36 GH), Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI), PROMIS PF CAT, and PROMIS UE before surgery and then at 6 weeks and 6 months postoperatively. Correlation coefficients were calculated among these tools. The effect size of change was also calculated for each tool at each time point. A total of 91 patients who had also undergone surgery for shoulder instability completed these PRO instruments 2 years postoperatively. The percentage of patients hitting the ceiling and floor effects of each of the PRO instruments was calculated at all time points. Results: The PROMIS PF CAT demonstrated excellent-good correlation with the SF-36 PF at all postoperative time points (0.61 at 6 weeks, 0.68 at 6 months, and 0.64 at 2 years; P \u3c .01 for all). The PROMIS UE showed excellent correlation with the ASES at 6 weeks postoperatively (0.73, P \u3c .01). Both the PROMIS PF CAT and PROMIS UE demonstrated the ability to detect change after surgical interventions with a medium to large effect size. The PROMIS UE demonstrated a ceiling effect at 6 months (68.1%) and 2 years (67.0%) postoperatively. The PROMIS PF CAT demonstrated no ceiling effect at any time point. Conclusion: The PROMIS PF CAT demonstrated good to excellent correlation with other previously validated PRO instruments that assess physical function in patients with shoulder instability postoperatively. The PROMIS UE demonstrated good correlation with other PRO tools but had a significant ceiling effect and is not recommended for this patient population. Both tools demonstrated an ability to detect change after surgical interventions with a good effect size

Performance of the PROMIS in Patients Undergoing 3 Common Elbow Procedures

Background: Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) reconstruction, distal biceps tendon repair, and elbow arthroscopic surgery are common elbow procedures performed in active patients. Hypothesis: We hypothesized (1) good to excellent correlation between Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) instruments and traditional orthopaedic upper extremity patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures; (2) that PROMIS instruments would demonstrate ceiling effects; and (3) that the PROMIS physical function computer adaptive test (PF CAT) would demonstrate a low question burden compared with other PRO instruments. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 76 patients undergoing UCL repair/reconstruction, distal biceps tendon repair, or elbow arthroscopic surgery filled out the Short Form–36 Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Function subscale, EuroQol–5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaire, PROMIS PF CAT, and PROMIS upper extremity item bank (UE). Excellent correlation between PROs was defined as ≥.70. Results: The PROMIS PF CAT had excellent correlation with the SF-36 (r = 0.74; P \u3c .0001), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) survey (r = –0.76; P \u3c .0001), and PROMIS UE (r = 0.73; P \u3c .0001). The PROMIS UE demonstrated excellent correlation with the SF-36 (r = 0.73; P \u3c .0001) and DASH survey (r = –0.81; P \u3c .0001). The PROMIS UE had ceiling effects in 33% of patients. The SF-36 showed ceiling effects in 20% of patients. On average, patients answered 5.1 ± 2.2 questions on the PROMIS PF CAT. Conclusion: The PROMIS PF CAT and PROMIS UE are valid in patients undergoing distal biceps tendon repair, elbow arthroscopic surgery, and UCL repair. The PROMIS UE demonstrated high ceiling effects in younger, higher functioning patients and should be used with caution in this group. A further evaluation and modification of the PROMIS UE in younger, high-functioning patients are warranted. Finally, the PROMIS PF CAT exhibited a low question burden relative to traditional PRO instruments without the loss of reliability

Kirkwood District

This Historic District Information form and all of its supplementary documents were compiled by the Case Studies class in the spring of 2007. It includes information on the district known as Kirkwood, as well as prints of Sanborn maps, early plattings of the properties, as well as historic photographs and newspaper clippings.https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_heritagepreservation/1050/thumbnail.jp

Acceptance and commitment therapy delivered via a mobile phone messaging robot to decrease postoperative opioid use in patients with orthopedic trauma: Randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is a pragmatic approach to help individuals decrease avoidable pain. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the effects of ACT delivered via an automated mobile messaging robot on postoperative opioid use and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in patients with orthopedic trauma who underwent operative intervention for their injuries. METHODS: Adult patients presenting to a level 1 trauma center who underwent operative fixation of a traumatic upper or lower extremity fracture and who used mobile phone text messaging were eligible for the study. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group, who received twice-daily mobile phone messages communicating an ACT-based intervention for the first 2 weeks after surgery, or the control group, who received no messages. Baseline PROs were completed. Two weeks after the operative intervention, follow-up was performed in the form of an opioid medication pill count and postoperative administration of PROs. The mean number of opioid tablets used by patients was calculated and compared between groups. The mean PRO scores were also compared between the groups. RESULTS: A total of 82 subjects were enrolled in the study. Of the 82 participants, 76 (38 ACT and 38 controls) completed the study. No differences between groups in demographic factors were identified. The intervention group used an average of 26.1 (SD 21.4) opioid tablets, whereas the control group used 41.1 (SD 22.0) tablets, resulting in 36.5% ([41.1-26.1]/41.1) less tablets used by subjects receiving the mobile phone-based ACT intervention (P=.004). The intervention group subjects reported a lower postoperative Patient-Reported Outcome Measure Information System Pain Intensity score (mean 45.9, SD 7.2) than control group subjects (mean 49.7, SD 8.8; P=.04). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the delivery of an ACT-based intervention via an automated mobile messaging robot in the acute postoperative period decreased opioid use in selected patients with orthopedic trauma. Participants receiving the ACT-based intervention also reported lower pain intensity after 2 weeks, although this may not represent a clinically important difference. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03991546; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03991546

Housworth-Moseley House

Prepared by the Fall 2007 Conservation of Historic Building Materials Class. This historic structure report details the history, current condition, and future treatment and use for the Houseworth-Moseley house located in the Klondike Community of Southern Dekalb County, Georgia. The home was built approximately 1843.https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_heritagepreservation/1019/thumbnail.jp

Effect of Quadriceps Strength and Proprioception on Risk for Knee Osteoarthritis

. Purpose: Impaired quadriceps strength and joint position sense (JPS) have been linked with knee osteoarthritis (OA) crosssectionally. Although neither has been independently associated with incident radiographic OA, their combination may mediate risk. The purpose of this study was to determine whether better sensorimotor function protects against the development of incident radiographic or symptomatic knee OA. Methods: The Multicenter Osteoarthritis study is a longitudinal study of adults aged 50-79 yr at high risk for knee OA. Participants underwent bilateral, weight-bearing, fixed-flexion radiographs, JPS acuity tests, and isokinetic quadriceps strength tests. The relationships between combinations of the tertiles of sex-specific baseline peak strength and mean JPS and development of incident radiographic (Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade Q2) or symptomatic knee OA (KL grade Q2 and frequent knee pain or stiffness) at a 30-month follow-up were evaluated. Secondary analyses defined JPS as the variance during the 10 JPS trials and also assessed the interaction of strength and JPS in predicting each outcome. Results: The study of incident radiographic knee OA included 1390 participants (age = 61.2 T 7.9 yr and body mass index = 29.4 T 5.1 kgIm j2 ), and the study of incident symptomatic knee OA included 1829 participants (age = 62.2 T 8.0 yr and body mass index = 30.0 T 5.4 kgIm j2 ). Greater strength at baseline protected against incident symptomatic but not radiographic knee OA regardless of JPS tertile. There was no significant relationship between the strength-JPS interaction and the development of radiographic or symptomatic knee OA. Conclusions: The finding that quadriceps strength protected against incident symptomatic but not radiographic knee OA regardless of JPS tertile suggests that strength may be more important than JPS in mediating risk for knee OA

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy

A waitlist-controlled trial of group cognitive behavioural therapy for depression and anxiety in Parkinson’s disease

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) treatment for depression and anxiety in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: A waitlist-controlled trial design was used. Eighteen adults with PD and a comorbid DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety were randomised to either Intervention (8-week group CBT treatment) or Waitlist (8-week clinical monitoring preceding treatment). The Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) was the primary outcome. Assessments were completed at Time 1 (pretreatment), Time 2 (posttreatment/post-waitlist) and 1-month and 6-month follow-ups. Results: At Time 2, participants who received CBT reported greater reductions in depression (Mchange = -2.45) than Waitlist participants (Mchange = .29) and this effect was large, d = 1.12, p = .011. Large secondary effects on anxiety were also observed for CBT participants, d = .89, p = .025. All treatment gains were maintained and continued to improve during the follow-up period. At 6-month follow-up, significant and large effects were observed for both depression (d = 2.07) and anxiety (d = 2.26). Conclusions: Group CBT appears to be an efficacious treatment approach for depression and anxiety in PD however further controlled trials with larger numbers of participants are required