Uporedna analiza mesnatosti trupova i odabranih parametara kvaliteta mesa brojlera

The research within this dissertation concerned the analysis of the trend in poultry meat production in Serbia, a comparative analysis of carcass meatiness (warm and cold carcass weight, the weight and proportion of the main parts in carcass weight, proportion of bones and skin in valuable parts of carcass), the selected meat quality parameters (chemical and physical) of broilers of different provenances and from different farms in Serbia due to differences in genetic, diet and housing conditions. In the last 25 years, the total meat production as well as poultry meat production in Serbia has been significantly reduced. In Serbia the most common provenance of broilers is Cobb and then Ross and Hubbard. In this period has been reduced the proportion of poultry meat production in total meat production. Average warm and cold carcass weight of broilers were within all three broiler provenances in most cases significantly different. It was found that the average carcass weight of provenance Cobb was significantly higher than provenance Ross or Hubbard. Carcass weight loss of examined groups of broilers was highly variable, which is primarily a result of different cooling technologies. The average weights of main carcass parts (breast, drumstick with thigh) within three provenances were in most cases significantly different. Broilers of Cobb provenance had significantly higher breast weight compared to provenance Ross and Hubbard. There was no significant difference in drumstick with thigh weight among three different provenance. The average proportion of breast weight in total carcass weight had the following descending order: Cobb > Ross > Hubbard and for drumstick with thigh weight: Hubbard > Ross > Cobb. The highest average weight as well as the largest proportion of meat in the breast and in drumstick with thigh was found in broilers of provenance Cobb, then Ross, and at least in broilers of provenance Hubbbard...Istraživanja u okviru ove doktorske disertacije odnosila su se na analizu trenda u proizvodnji živinskog mesa u Srbiji, zatim uporednu analizu mesnatosti trupova (masa trupova pre i posle hlađenja, masa i zastupljenost osnovnih delova u masi trupa, ispitivanja zastupljenosti mesa kostiju i kože u vrednijim delovima trupa), odabranih parametara kvaliteta mesa (hemijski i fizički) brojlera različitih provenijencija i sa različitih farmi u Srbiji obzirom na razlike u genetskoj osnovi, razlike u ishrani, u uslovima držanja. U poslednjih 25 godina ukupna proizvodnja mesa pa i proizvodnja živinskom mesa u Srbiji je znatno smanjena. U Srbiji je u tovu brojlera najzastupljenija provenijencija Cobb, zatim Ross i Hubbard. U ovom periodu smanjeno je i učešće proizvodnje živinskog mesa u ukupnoj proizvodnji mesa. Prosečne mase trupova brojlera kako pre tako i posle hlađenja su se unutar sve tri ispitivane provenijencije brojlera u većini slučajeva poređenja statistički značajno razlikovale. Utvrđeno je da je prosečna masa trupova provenijencije Cobb bila statistički značajno veća od prosečnih masa trupova brojlera provenijencije Ross, odnosno Hubbard. Kalo hlađenja ispitivanih grupa brojlera bio je veoma varijabilan što je, pre svega, rezultat različite tehnologije hlađenja trupova. Prosečne mase važnijih delova trupa (grudi, batak sa karabatakom) unutar ispitivane tri provenijencije bile su u većini slučajeva poređenja statistički značajno različite. Brojleri provenijencije Cobb imali su statistički značajno veću masu grudi od mase grudi provenijencije Ross odnosno, Hubbard. Nisu utvrđene statistički značajne razlike između prosečnih masa bataka sa karabatakom brojlera tri različite provenijencije. Prosečno učešće mase grudi u masi trupa imalo je sledeći opadajući niz: Cobb > Ross > Hubbard a mase bataka sa karabatakom: Hubbard > Ross > Cobb..

Comparative analysis of carcass meatiness and selected meat quality parameters of broilers

Istraživanja u okviru ove doktorske disertacije odnosila su se na analizu trenda u proizvodnji živinskog mesa u Srbiji, zatim uporednu analizu mesnatosti trupova (masa trupova pre i posle hlađenja, masa i zastupljenost osnovnih delova u masi trupa, ispitivanja zastupljenosti mesa kostiju i kože u vrednijim delovima trupa), odabranih parametara kvaliteta mesa (hemijski i fizički) brojlera različitih provenijencija i sa različitih farmi u Srbiji obzirom na razlike u genetskoj osnovi, razlike u ishrani, u uslovima držanja. U poslednjih 25 godina ukupna proizvodnja mesa pa i proizvodnja živinskom mesa u Srbiji je znatno smanjena. U Srbiji je u tovu brojlera najzastupljenija provenijencija Cobb, zatim Ross i Hubbard. U ovom periodu smanjeno je i učešće proizvodnje živinskog mesa u ukupnoj proizvodnji mesa. Prosečne mase trupova brojlera kako pre tako i posle hlađenja su se unutar sve tri ispitivane provenijencije brojlera u većini slučajeva poređenja statistički značajno razlikovale. Utvrđeno je da je prosečna masa trupova provenijencije Cobb bila statistički značajno veća od prosečnih masa trupova brojlera provenijencije Ross, odnosno Hubbard. Kalo hlađenja ispitivanih grupa brojlera bio je veoma varijabilan što je, pre svega, rezultat različite tehnologije hlađenja trupova. Prosečne mase važnijih delova trupa (grudi, batak sa karabatakom) unutar ispitivane tri provenijencije bile su u većini slučajeva poređenja statistički značajno različite. Brojleri provenijencije Cobb imali su statistički značajno veću masu grudi od mase grudi provenijencije Ross odnosno, Hubbard. Nisu utvrđene statistički značajne razlike između prosečnih masa bataka sa karabatakom brojlera tri različite provenijencije. Prosečno učešće mase grudi u masi trupa imalo je sledeći opadajući niz: Cobb > Ross > Hubbard a mase bataka sa karabatakom: Hubbard > Ross > Cobb...The research within this dissertation concerned the analysis of the trend in poultry meat production in Serbia, a comparative analysis of carcass meatiness (warm and cold carcass weight, the weight and proportion of the main parts in carcass weight, proportion of bones and skin in valuable parts of carcass), the selected meat quality parameters (chemical and physical) of broilers of different provenances and from different farms in Serbia due to differences in genetic, diet and housing conditions. In the last 25 years, the total meat production as well as poultry meat production in Serbia has been significantly reduced. In Serbia the most common provenance of broilers is Cobb and then Ross and Hubbard. In this period has been reduced the proportion of poultry meat production in total meat production. Average warm and cold carcass weight of broilers were within all three broiler provenances in most cases significantly different. It was found that the average carcass weight of provenance Cobb was significantly higher than provenance Ross or Hubbard. Carcass weight loss of examined groups of broilers was highly variable, which is primarily a result of different cooling technologies. The average weights of main carcass parts (breast, drumstick with thigh) within three provenances were in most cases significantly different. Broilers of Cobb provenance had significantly higher breast weight compared to provenance Ross and Hubbard. There was no significant difference in drumstick with thigh weight among three different provenance. The average proportion of breast weight in total carcass weight had the following descending order: Cobb > Ross > Hubbard and for drumstick with thigh weight: Hubbard > Ross > Cobb. The highest average weight as well as the largest proportion of meat in the breast and in drumstick with thigh was found in broilers of provenance Cobb, then Ross, and at least in broilers of provenance Hubbbard..

Adverse drug reaction reporting and development of pharmacovigilance systems in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia, and Montenegro: a retrospective pharmacoepidemiological study

Aim To compare individual case safety reports (ICSR) rates and characteristics between Croatia, Serbia, Montenegro, and Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). Methods This retrospective pharmacoepidemiological study used the data from ICSR received by the Agency for Medicines and Medical Devices in B&H in 2011-2016. The number, characteristics, and sources of reports, suspected drugs, and patient characteristics were analyzed. The results were compared with the publicly available data from Croatia, Serbia, and Montenegro. Results The number of reported adverse drug reactions per one million of inhabitants was lowest in B&H and highest in Croatia. There were significant differences in reporter characteristics, sources of reports, and the percentage of missing data in ICSR, while the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical product classes, patient’s sex, and adverse drug reaction System Organ Classes were similar. Conclusion Despite the historical and geographical vicinity of B&H and its neighboring countries, there were significant differences in indicators of pharmacovigilance development

Kvantitativno i kvalitativno određivanje enrofloksacina u tkivima riba

Presence of enrofloxacin residues in fish liver, kidney and muscle tissue was investigated after per os application of the drug. For the purpose of determination of enrofloxacin, the following analytical methods were used: microbiological method - plate pH 8 with Escherichia coli ATCC 11303 and HPLC method with fluorescence detection. After a 5-day oral treatment of carps, enrofloxacin residues in tissues were determined up to the 10th day after the end of the drug application. Enrofloxacin content determined by the HPLC method was lower than MRL; drug residues were determined in liver on the 6th day after treatment, in kidney on the 7th day and in muscle on the 9th day after treatment. The results of enrofloxacin residues determination by screening method on the medium with E. Coli ATCC 11303, pH 8 show that this procedure can be used for qualitative determination of enrofloxacin. The screening method allows determination of enrofloxacin in fish tissues below the MRL. Cyprofloxacin was not detected in fish liver, kidney and muscle tissue.Prisustvo rezidua enrofloksacina u jetri, bubregu i mesu riba ispitano je posle njegovog peroralnog aplikovanja. Za ispitivanje rezidua su korišćene: mikrobiološ ka metoda - ploča pH 8 sa Escherichia coli ATTC 11303 i HPLC metoda sa flurescentnom detekcijom. Posle petodnevne oralne terapije šarana rezidue enrofloksacina u tkivima riba su dokazane i devetog dana po prestanku terapije. Sadržaj enrofloksacina dokazan HPLC postupkom, niži od MRL vrednosti, u jetri je dokazan šestog dana po prestanku terapije, u bubregu sedmog dana a u mišićnom tkivu devetog dana po prestanku terapije. Rezultati utvrđivanja rezidua enrofloksacina skrining postupkom na podlozi pH 8 E.coli ATCC 11303 pokazuju da se ovaj postupak može koristiti za kvantitativno dokazivanje enrofloksacina. Skrining postupkom u tkivima riba mogu da se dokažu količine enrofloksacina ispod MRL vrednosti. Ciprofloksacin nije utvrđen u jetri, bubrezima i mesu riba

Koncentracija arsena i teških metala u tkivu puževa

The aim of this study was to determine arsenic and heavy metal concentrations (lead, mercury, copper, cadmium, zinc, iron and manganese) in snail tissues (foot and digestive gland) obtained from snail farms in Serbia (near urban areas). Snail samples were analysed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. A total of 730 individual snail samples were included in this study. Snails were packed into plastic bags and transported to the laboratory at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade. The levels of arsenic and mercury in the examined snail tissues were below the detection limit of the analytical method. Concentrations of heavy metals were higher in digestive gland tissues than in foot tissues.Cilj ovog ispitivanja bio je utvrđivanje koncentracije arsena i teških metala (olova, žive, bakra, kadmijuma, cinka, gvožđa i mangana) u tkivima puževa (stopalo i digestivni trakt) poreklom sa odabranih farmi u Srbiji (u blizini urbanih područja). Uzorci puževa su analizirani pomoć u atomskog apsorpcionog spektrofotometra. U ovu studiju uključeno je ukupno 730 pojedinačnih uzoraka puževa. Uzorci su upakovani u plastične kese, dopremljeni u laboratoriju Veterinarskog fakulteta, Univerziteta u Beogradu. Nivo arsena i žive u ispitivanim uzorcima puževa bio su ispod granice detekcije analitičke metode. Koncentracija teških metala bila je već a u digestivnom tkivu u poređenju sa koncentracijom teških metala u stopalu puževa

Fermented sausage casings

Casing is part of sausages, giving it shape, size and integrity, but also having a role in volumetric, structural and chemical changes which occur in sausage during different production phases. For fermented sausages, natural or artificial casings can be used. Artificial casings have an advantage from the hygienic point of view, because microbiological contamination is negligible, storage at low temperatures unnecessary, and there is no problem with product spoilage during storage and transport. Today, artificial sausage casings are a better choice for production of large diameter sausages, while they are equivalent to natural casings for production of small diameter sausages

Effect of conjugated linoleic acids in pig nutrition on quality of meat

Relationships among conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in pig nutrition and carcass quality parameters (hot carcass weight, carcass yield and meatiness) and meat quality parameters (initial and pH value after 24, 48 and 72 h, temperature, drip loss, sensory color and marbling) were determined in pigs (crossbreeds Yorkshire x Landrace). Commercial CLA preparation containing 60% CLA isomers was included in the diet. No significant differences in performance parameters were found between pigs fed with CLA and control group during 60 days period. CLA supplementation in feed significantly increased SFA and decreased MUFA and PUFA fraction in pig muscles

Effects of phytobiotics on Cobb broiler production results, meatiness and chemical composition

In order to achieve better results for fattening broilers, various additives can be added to feed, including phytobiotics (phytogenic additives). Phytobiotics protect young broilers' health based on the principles of competitive exclusion and improved usability of nutrients, growth and feed efficiency. Due to the importance and actuality of this topic, it is scientifically justified and interesting to examine the effects of using natural growth stimulators on the performance of intensively bred broilers, as well as the suitability of these compounds for nutritional, health and economic aspects of broiler production. In this study, 120 Cobb 500 broilers were divided into two groups, one control without and one experimental with a mixture of phytobiotics in their feed. At the beginning of the study, all broilers were of equal body mass. In some phases of fattening and at the end (after 42 days), body mass and total gain of the broilers receiving phytobiotics were significantly higher in than control broilers (p lt 0.05 and p lt 0.01, respectively). Total consumption of feed for the whole fattening period was higher in the control than in the phytobiotic-recieving broilers. A better feed conversion rate was determined in the broilers receiving phytobiotics than in the control broilers (P lt 0.05). The carcass meatiness was also improved in the broilers receiving phytobiotics (p lt 0.01). There was no significant difference between control and phytobiotic-receiving broilers with regard to meat chemical composition

The impact of triticale diet on production characteristics and meat quality in pigs

Triticale (Triticosecale) is a hybrid crop which inherited the excellent grain quality and high yield potential of wheat (Triticum spp.) and the good tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses factors of rye (Secale cereale). As an energy crop, triticale has now been used for human food and livestock feed for many years. The main agronomic goal has been to improve the properties of triticale grains over those of wheat, corn, rye, barley, etc., making triticale an attractive option for increasing global food production. This paper discusses the advantages of using triticale as a pig feed

The relationship between the carcass characteristics and meat composition of young Simmental beef cattle

The objective was to study the relationships between the carcass characteristics and meat composition of young Simmental beef, classified with regard to conformation and degree of fatness scores, and total lipid content, depending on gender. For this purpose, 90 animals (60 male and 30 female Simmental beef cattle) were analysed. The results of the study showed that gender affected carcass measurement scores and chemical composition of meat through its important effect on overall animal fatness. Referring to correlations, male carcass conformation score was negatively related to slaughter weight, total lipid content and fatness score. On the other hand, slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weight, dressing percentage and carcass conformation was positively related to fatness score, all of them being significant. However, female carcass conformation score was positively related to slaughter weight, total lipid content and fatness score. Hot and cold carcass weights of female Simmental beef cattle were positively correlated to slaughter weight, total lipid content and carcass conformation score. Carcass conformation score and fatness score were affected by gender of young Simmental beef cattle