Oxylipin profiling for clinical research: Current status and future perspectives

16 pages, 2 tables, 3 figures.-- Under a Creative Commons licenseOxylipins are potent lipid mediators with increasing interest in clinical research. They are usually measured in systemic circulation and can provide a wealth of information regarding key biological processes such as inflammation, vascular tone, or blood coagulation. Although procedures still require harmonization to generate comparable oxylipin datasets, performing comprehensive profiling of circulating oxylipins in large studies is feasible and no longer restricted by technical barriers. However, it is essential to improve and facilitate the biological interpretation of complex oxylipin profiles to truly leverage their potential in clinical research. This requires regular updating of our knowledge about the metabolism and the mode of action of oxylipins, and consideration of all factors that may influence circulating oxylipin profiles independently of the studied disease or condition. This review aims to provide the readers with updated and necessary information regarding oxylipin metabolism, their different forms in systemic circulation, the current limitations in deducing oxylipin cellular effects from in vitro bioactivity studies, the biological and technical confounding factors needed to consider for a proper interpretation of oxylipin profilesThis research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectorsPeer reviewe

Quantification of Total Oxylipins in Plasma – Challenges & Strategies for Hydrolysis and Solid Phase Extraction

Quantification of Total Oxylipins in Plasma – Challenges & Strategies for Hydrolysis and Solid Phase Extraction. IV International Conference on Food Chemistry and Technology (FCT-2018

MS-based oxylipin targeted metabolomics: applications in clinical research

Session 6 – CONTRIBUTIONS OF LIPIDOMIC, METABOLOMIC AND FLUXOMIC TO THE KNOWLEDGE IN LIPID PRODUCTION AND NUTRITIONMS-based oxylipin targeted metabolomics: applications in clinical research. GERLI 15TH INTERNATIONAL LIPIDOMICS MEETING 201

Omega 3 fatty acids and macrophage polarization

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Diet, Cardiometabolic Health and Oxylipins

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Influence of the Transitory Stage during Plasma Generation on the Pattern of total Oxylipins

Influence of the Transitory Stage during Plasma Generation on the Pattern of total Oxylipins. 48. Deutscher Lebensmittelchemikerta

Intérêt des extraits végétaux riches en polyphénols dans la prévention de la lipoperoxydation chez le rat et le mouton reçevant des régimes supplémentés en AGPI n-3

L'addition d'acides gras polyinsaturés n-3 (AGPI n-3) à la ration des animaux d'élevage est recommandée pour améliorer la valeur santé des produits animaux. Or, cette pratique accentue la lipoperoxydation, affecte la santé des animaux et la qualité de leurs produits. Dans ce contexte l'apport d'antioxydants comme la vitamine E est recommandé mais son emploi exclusif est critiqué (produit industriel, spectre d'action). L'objectif de ce travail était d'analyser les propiétés in vivo d'antioxydants naturels et bioefficaces chez des animaux supplémentés en AGPI n-3. Des analyses in vitro ont permis de sélectionner 4 extraits végétaux riches en polyphénols (EVRP : romarin, raisin, agrume et tagette) compatibles avec la nutrition animale et potentiellement efficaces. La bioefficacité de ces 4 EVRP a été étudiée chez le rat recevant une supplémentation en AGPI n-3. Chacun des EVRP consommé pendant 3 semaines (5g/kg d'aliment) a permis de réduire la lipoperoxydation aux niveaux plasmatique et hépatique mais selon des mécanismes distincts. Leur bioefficacité a ensuite été testée chez le ruminant. Administrés à forte dose (10% MS) chez des moutons alimentés avec un supplément en AGPI n-3, les 4 EVRP ont amélioré le statut antioxydant du plasma et diminué la susceptibilité des lipides à la lipoperoxydation. Les 4 EVRP ont présenté des niveaux d'action complémentaires et des temps d'action différents. La complémentarité d'effet en terme de bioefficacité chez des moutons supplémentés en AGPI n-3 des 4 EVRP apportés en mélange (EVRPs, 1% MS) a été comparée à celle de la vitamine E (VE, 200 mg/kg) et leur synergie d'action avec la vitamine E (EVRPs+VE) a été étudiée. Les EVRPs sont plus efficaces que la VE pour accroître la résistance à la lipoperoxydation. Par contre, l'association EVRPs+VE est nécessaire pour réduire significativement la production de lipides peroxydés. Enfin, l'efficacité des mêmes formules antioxydantes testée chez des moutons soumis à un stress oxydatif a montré que seule l'association EVRPs+VE est efficace. En conclusion, ce travail a permis d'identifier et tester de nouvelles sources d'antioxydants naturels, complémentaires dans leur action à celle de la vitamine E. Seule l'association de ces 2 types d'antioxydants s'est avérée efficace pour prévenir efficacement la lipoperoxydation chez des animaux supplémentés en AGPI n-3, notamment exposés à des conditions de stress oxydant.The addition of n-3 PUFA in diets is recommended in animal husbandry to improve the health value of animal products. However, this feeding practice enhances lipoperoxidation and alters the health of animals as well as the quality of their products. In this context, it is recommended to add antioxydants in diets but the exclusive use of vitamin E is critized. The aim of this work was to select and test new sources of antioxydants, natural and bioefficient in animals fed n-3 PUFA-enriched diets. We focused our research on plant extracts rich in polyphenols (PERP) and the 1st step consisted in selecting four PERP (i.e., rosemary, grape, citrus and marigold) suitable to animal nutrition and potentially efficient. During the 2nd step, we investigated the in vivo efficiency of the 4 PERP in rats fed a n-3 PUFA-enriched diet. The daily consumption of the PERP (5g/kg) for 3 weeks decreased the extent of lipoperoxidation in plasma and liver, irrespective of the source. However, it appeared that the 4 PERP acted according to distinct mechanisms. The 3rd step consisted in investigating the in vivo efficiency of the PERP in ruminant given n-3 PUFA rich diet. The PERP, administrated as a single acute dose (10% DM) directly in the rumen of sheep, improved the total antioxidative status of plasma and reduced lipid susceptibility to lipoperoxidation. This experiment also revealed that the 4 PERP acted by a complementary mechanism of action and a different time. The 4th step was conducted to compare the bioefficiency of a mixture of the 4 PERP (PERPs, 10 g/kg) with that of vitamin E (VitE, 200 mg/kg) and to investigate their synergy of action (PERPs+VitE) in sheep given n-3 PUFA enriched diets. PERPs were more efficient than VitE to increase the resistance of plasma lipids to lipoperoxidation but the association of PERPs+VitE improved the efficiency of reduction of production of peroxidated lipids. Finally, the 5th step was undertaken to compare the bioefficiency of PERPs, VitE or PERPs+VitE in sheep exposed to oxidative stress. In this case, only the association of PERP+VitE was bioefficient. In conclusion, this work allowed identifying new types of antioxidants, naturals and able to optimize the action of vitamin E. Only the association of these 2 types of antioxidant efficiently prevent lipoperoxidation in animals fed n-3 PUFA enriched diets and exposed to oxidative stress.CLERMONT FD-BCIU-Santé (631132104) / SudocPARIS-BIUP (751062107) / SudocSudocFranceF

The clinical translation of eicosanoids and other oxylipins, although challenging, should be actively pursued

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