Impact of physicial activity with programmed intensity in body composition

Physical activity is a very important regulator of body mass, a more natural way of consuming energy which, according to the lifestyle of today, has become very limited. Due to this fact, this research was intended to validate the influence of cyclically-programmed intensity physical activity on some body components. The sample for the purpose of this research included 25 women aged 20-30 who willingly admitted to be part of this research. These variables of body components have been applied: Body weight (WEIG), Body fat (BOFA), Muscle mass (MUMA), Body mass index (BMI) and Visceral fat level (VIFA).For the evaluation of body components, the bioelectric device Tanita BC-60 (Segmental Body Composition Monitor) was used. The women's group included in the research as an experimental group has undergone a 3-month training program with physical activity with programmed intensity of 50-70% of the heart rate. For the assessment of the difference between two dependent groups in arithmetical averages, the t-testing (Paired Sample T-Test) has been applied. Results obtained after statistical processing show that cyclic physical activity with programmed intensity (50-70%) three times a week for one hour had a positive effect on body fat tissue reduction for 17.79%,

Effect of the cardio respirator activity in the frame of the benefit in some biochemical parameters

The study was intended to determine changes in lipid and blood glucose levels prior to and after the application of the cardio-respiratory program. Twenty-five 20-30 year old women have been tested and willingly admitted to be part of this research. At the beginning and after the completion of the cardiovascular program these biochemical parameters were determined in the sample of the testes: Glucose in the blood (GLBL), Lipoproteins High-density lipoprotein in the blood (HDLBL), Lipoproteins Low-density lipoprotein in the blood (LDLBL) , Triglycerides in the blood (TGBL). After determining the biochemical values at the beginning of the survey, the subjects were subjected to a quarterly cardio-respiratory program with a total of 36 sessions of 60 minutes. The cardio-respiratory program has included running at 50-70% intensity. For the calculation of the results obtained from the measurements of biochemical values, the basic statistical parameters have been calculated. For the assessment of the difference between two dependent groups in arithmetical means, the t-testing (Paired Sample T-Test) has been applied. The results obtained after statistical processing show that the 50-70% intensity quarterly cardio-respiratory program has had a significant effect on the normalization of lipid and blood glucose levels

ANTHROPOMETRIC AND MOTORIC COMPARISONS BETWEEN THE TWO VOLLEYBALL TEAMS IN PRISHTINA

Introduction: The increase in sports results today not only identifies the quantity (volume and intensity) of the work put in, but also the quality (changing the stereotypical notion of effort, eliminating redundant movements, rationalizing the sport in all elements etc). All of these circumstances and factors referred in this paper are stimulated through practical methods for processing positive results and aiming to present a realistic and factual reflection of the current condition, particularly emphasizing the evaluation of several anthropometric and motor characteristics of the players in both volleyball clubs from Prishtina. Methods: These methods are elaborated among arithmetic methods, variance, standard deviation and standard error of the arithmetic mean, the coefficient of variance, the maximum and minimum score test, the score in accordance to the Pearson correlation coefficient-whereas the instruments measured 14 variables such as anthropometric 8, 4 motors and 2 situational. The main purpose to which is addressed in this paper is verifying the situation and the differences between the players in two of the clubs by analyzing the results from the variables I have chosen. Results: The results show that there is a significant differentiation between one volleyball group to the other in terms of motor, anthropometric and situational. This is proven by the results of the data based on the parameters abovementioned. Discussion: Results acquired on in the research, verifies the hypotheses which sets forth previously, it helps to us to understand that the main goal in this research has largely been achieved. Statistical methods that have been processed results may explain the state of anthropometric and motor characteristics. Moreover, with the help of T-test we came to understand the valuable statistical differences between two clubs which have been subject to research. These results are best justified considering the fact that the first group of fallow this year was much more successful than the second group. In the current discussion on the results obtained from anthropometric and motor variables give us a clear picture of the actual situation on morphological characteristics and motor skills, the players of these two groups/clubs. References: Bompa T (2000) Periodization: Theory and Methodology of Traning. Ilinois, USA. Frohreich H, Irmgard D, Konzag K (1992) Voleyball Spielend Trainieren. Berlin, Germany. Tahiraj E, Rexhepi F (2010) Some main morphological characteristics and locomotive-technical of national teams at the grand prix 2010 in volleyball (women). 14-symposium for the sport to Physical Education in young people, Ohrid, Macedonia. Kostic R (2000) Theory and Methodology of Sports Training Volleyball games, Nis, Serbia

DIAGNOSING OF BASIC AND SPECIFIC MOTORIC CAPABILITIES AT THE YOUTH OF THE BASKETBALL SCHOOL

In general the problematic of diagnosing basic and specific motor movement information of the basketball game in found in the works of a considerable number of world authors. In this work a youth population of an age group between 13-14 years old will be treated. The total number of participants is defined to an amount of 100 of young basketball players, members of two different basketball academies. In this experiment, the subjects will conduct tests in 5 basic motor skills variables such as: 1. Steady Jump in length, 2 steady jump in height 3.20 meters run from a steady start, 4. Medicine Ball Throw and 5. Agility Test. While from specific motor movement skills are included: 1.20 Meters run with ball, 2. Basketball shooting for 30 seconds round-trip,3. Anaerobic durability with and without ball (kamikaze) 4. Intensive Basketball shots-Change of direction and 5. Basketball shots from five positions. Subject to the number of subjects that will be treated in this study, their age and the amount of variables tested, the main objectives of this study, will be limited to achieving the goals. On the basis of test results, it can be concluded that there are no significant differences in the basic motor parameters between the two groups G1 and G2, mostly due to systematic practice effects rather than academy belonging itself.In the other hand, differences between the two groups in the specific basketball motor skills can be clearly identified, in typical basketball movement situations.In addition, comparing the test results of the individuals tested for the purpose if this diagnosis, a much more advanced level of motor skills compared to the normal population of the same group age that don’t engage in basketball activities can be identified. This experimental study carried out in the youth in the age group of 13(-+ 6 months) years old that continuously in a systematic manner attend basketball academies in two different basketball schools, with sustainable arguments can show the importance of systematic valuation in order to solve many arising problems such as: planning, programming, developing and controlling the effects of training work. Specifically, it is of utmost importance to continously monitor the development of motor skills in the youth

THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN TEAMS RANKED THIRD AND FOURTH IN THE SUPER LEAGUE VOLLYEBALL OF KOSOVO

Introduction: When it is about elite male volleyball players, it is always meant about players that possess such anthropometric parameters which correspond with volleyball game. In this research we are deal with two teams of the super league of Kosovo in volleyball. The goal of this study is to verify the differences between the two teams in volleyball in some anthropometric characteristics, basic motor skills and situational tests. Methods: For the realization of this research, there were included 12 volleyball player from the team KV "Granit com" and 12 from the team KV "Te Luzha". There are applied 4 anthropometric variables (body weight, body height, arm length, forearm length), 5 basic motor variables (long jump from place, high jump from the place taping hand, taping feet, jogging with 20 meters with a fast start), and 7 situational tests (pass the ball with the fingers on target vertical expulsion of the ball with the forearm ("hammer") in vertical target, passing the ball with the fingers in a horizontal target, the expulsion of the ball with the forearm ("hammer") in horizontal target, pass the ball with fingers to jump in the horizontal target, tennis service in horizontal target, the target service with the horizontal jump. For processing the obtained results from the measurements and proving the difference between the teams in anthrop motored parameters, was used the discriminatory analysis using the t-test for independent variables. Results: The results obtained show that the players of the two volleyball teams of the Super League in of Kosova, involved in the research do not distinguish between them in anthropometric characteristics (p> 0:05). The team KV "Granit Com" has had better results in some motor variables of the explosive force and the one of long jump from the place(P 1.97 above 20 entities. The results show that statistically valid changes with valid significant tests are present in anthropometric and movement space. Table nr.15 presents the results of two teams “Graniti Com” and “Te Luzha”. In this case, the statistical valid changes are presented in three tests: high jump, 20 meters speed run and accuracy of the service in jumping. References: Liba MR, Stauff MR (1963). Research Quarterly, 35, 59–63. Strahova A (1972). Kineziologija, 1, 19-72. Nikqi V. (2008). Differences of some anthopmetric and motor characteristics as well as several situatinal testes among Kosovo Superlague Volleyball players, 35-64. Strahonja A, Jankovic V, Shnajder V (1982), Kineziologija, 11, 46-51

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TWO VOLLEYBALL TEAMS IN SOME ANTHROPOMETERIC AND MOTOR ABILITIS

Introduction: In this research we are deal with two teams of the super league of Kosovo in volleyball. The goal of this study is to verify the differences between the two teams in volleyball in some anthropometric characteristics, basic motor skills and situational tests. Methods: For the realization of this research, there were included 12 volleyball player from the team KV “Prishtina" and 12 from the team KV "Universiteti AAB". There are applied 4 anthropometric variables (body weight, body height, arm length, forearm length), 5 basic motor variables (long jump from place, high jump from the place taping hand, taping feet, jogging with 20 meters with a fast start), and 7 situational tests (pass the ball with the fingers on target vertical expulsion of the ball with the forearm ("hammer") in vertical target, passing the ball with the fingers in a horizontal target, the expulsion of the ball with the forearm ("hammer") in horizontal target, pass the ball with fingers to jump in the horizontal target, tennis service in horizontal target, the target service with the horizontal jump. For processing the obtained results from the measurements and proving the difference between the teams in anthrop motored parameters, was used the discriminatory analysis using the t-test for independent variables. Results: The results obtained show that the players of the two volleyball teams, involved in research do not distinguish between them in anthropometric characteristics (p> 0:05). The team KV "Prishtina" has had better results in some explosive force motor variables and situational tests (p 1.97, at the statistical significance level of p < 0.05. Results from our sample showed that between VC. "Pristina" and VC. "AAB", important statistical changes were in those motoric tests. High jumping, foot taping, Passing the ball with hammer to the wall, Tactical accurate Service, Accuracy of service with jump and Standing long jump length. References: Strahonja A, Jankovic V, Shnajder V (1982). Kineziologija, 14, 46-51. Forthomme B, Croisier JL, Ciccarone G, Crielaard JM, Cloes M (2005). Am J Sports Med, 33, 1513-9. Strahova A (1972). Kineziologjia, 1, 24-36

Plyometric Training Improves Sprinting, Jumping and Throwing Capacities of High Level Female Volleyball Players Better Than Skill-Based Conditioning

There is an evident lack of studies on the effectiveness of plyometric- and skill-based-conditioning in volleyball. This study aimed to evaluate effects of 12-week plyometric- and volleyball-skill-based training on specific conditioning abilities in female volleyball players. The sample included 41 high-level female volleyball players (21.8 ± 2.1 years of age; 1.76 ± 0.06 cm; 60.8 ± 7.0 kg), who participated in plyometric- (n = 21), or skill-based-conditioning-program (n = 20). Both programs were performed twice per week. Participants were tested on body-height, body-mass (BM), countermovement jump (CMJ), standing broad jump (SBJ), medicine ball throw, (MBT) and 20-m sprint (S20M). All tests were assessed at the study baseline (pre-) and at the end of the 12-week programs (post-testing). Two-way ANOVA for repeated measurements showed significant (p<0.05) “Group x Time” effects for all variables but body-height. Plyometric group significantly reduced body-mass (trivial effect size [ES] differences; 1% average pre- to post-measurement changes), and improved their performance in S20M (moderate ES; 8%), MBT (very large ES; 25%), CMJ (large ES; 27%), and SBJ (moderate ES; 8%). Players involved in skill-based-conditioning significantly improved CMJ (large ES; 18%), SBJ (small ES; 3%), and MBT (large ES; 9%). The changes which occurred between pre- and post-testing were more inter-correlated in plyometric-group. Although both training-modalities induced positive changes in jumping- and throwing-capacities, plyometric-training is found to be more effective than skill-based conditioning in improvement of conditioning capacities of female senior volleyball players. Future studies should evaluate differential program effects in less experienced and younger players

ANTHROPOMETRICAL STATUS AND GENDER DIFFERENCES AT 12 YEARS OF AGE

The aim of this study is to verify the current anthropometrical status of the pupils of the age 12, as well as to compare it with the standards of raising in accordance with the WHO standards. In the study were included 62 pupils (42 male and 20 female). The anthropometric tests were done in height, weight, biacromial and elbow breadth, subcutaneous adipose tissue at the : suprailiac skinfold; subscapular skinfold; triceps skinfold, as well as the abdominal circumference. The results showed that there was a heterogenic distribution of results, especially in the body weight, where the distribution between the minimal and maximal results is 28-70 kg, with the average 43, 14 ± 9, 78 of standard deviation with the male pupils, while with the female pupils was noticed more homogenous group and the standard deviation was significantly lower than with the female pupils in all variables. The findings show that almost in all measured variables female pupils are more developed at this age, especially the body high, body weight and subcutaneous adipose tissue, while as regards the abdominal circumference and body breadth, the male pupils are more developed. Comparison of symbolic sample of this research with the WHO data shows an approximate trend of raising and development of children which were included in this research, and the difference is as follows: Female pupils age 12, body height=151.97 c

THE STATUS OF STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS IN COMPARISON WITH STANDARD PARAMETERS OF THE ILLINOIS AGILITY TEST

The aim of this study is to verify the current agility status of students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports of the University of Prishtina. Also, another aim was to compare results of the students with the international norms of the standard agility test. In this study were included 92 students of FPES. The agility tests were done based on the Illinois Agility Test as a standard test. The methods used to analyse the data obtained from the research, are standard methods, basic statistical parameters and comparative methods. From the basic statistical parameters, it was noticed a homogenous distribution of results. The distribution between the minimal and maximal result is from 15.15 – 20.16, with the average 16.54 and standard deviation 0.92. Based on the parameters on distribution, it is noticeable that the value of skew parameters is 1.43. Comparing to international norms of standard agility test, it is noticeable that the students if the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports have a satisfactory level and belong to the category of average results 16.54 sec, the international standard norms are 16.2 - 18.1 sec, which implies average achievement of results. Comparing to other groups of students, our sample showed almost the same results with the group of students tested by Mehmet Kutlu, Hakan Yapýcý, Oğuzhan Yoncalık, Serkan Çelik, 2012, where the results of their students are 16.54 ± 0.41, but the testing took place in synthetic carpet

STRUCTURE OF ISOLATED PRECISION FACTORS OF THE MALE STUDENT ON VOLLEYBALL

The aim of this study was to verify the current status of accuracy in volleyball for the students of the faculty of physical education and sports of the University of Prishtina, all the students have successfully passed the exam in volleyball. Also, another aim was to observe whether there are significant statistical differences between both generations of students. In the study were included 70 students (35 from the second academic year and 35 from the fourth academic year). To achieve the aim, were applied standard tests of accuracy in volleyball, such as the following: overhand pass, underhand pass, as well as underhand serve on the six positions and float (tactic) serve on three positions. From the basic statistical parameters, it has been noticed that grouping of results from the students of forth academic year are more homogenous, and for this group showed that results are better than at students of first year of studying. While, in the variables is noticed that there are changes into the favour of students of fourth academic year, it has also been noticed that standard deviation is smaller with this group, which shows even more homogenous groups, for example, SFIP group 1 mean 21.65 ±6.48 SD, gr.2 mean 23.68 ±5.76 SD. The obtained results from T-test shows significant statistical changes in both applied tests. The best obtained results are a derivate of continuous professional work, as well as result of “selection”, due to continuous testing and completion of both exams of hand sports and volleyball as an elective subject