Osservazioni su Gai 2.14 e le res incorporales

Through a critical review of some issues concerning the content of Gai 2.14 and the systematic and conceptual meaning of the res incorporales in the Gaius’ Institutes, the author defends the integration ‘ea quae iure consistunt’ (§§ 2-3) – which expresses a subjective perspective of ius (§ 3) – with new topics; it is particularly stressed that the two terms of the classification ‘res corporales / res incorporales’ – which is not possible to determine if it has been adopted first by Gaius (§ 4) – are considered by the jurist as elements of the patrimonium, more specifically from the point of view of the ways in which they enter into the patrimonium or come out from it, in accordance with a general methodic approach fixed in Gai 2.1 (§ 5); moreover, in connection with this systematic scheme, the author also sheds light on the absence of the dominium in the Gaius’ list of the res incorporales (§ 6); finally, an explanation is proposed for the ending and marginal position of the iura praediorum in Gai 2.14 (§ 7)

The prohibition of commentaries to the Digest and the antecessorial literature

Esaminate e criticate le diverse interpretazioni presenti in storiografia, si propone una nuova lettura del divieto giustinianeo di commentari al Digesto, che postula il divieto come avente ad oggetto il Digesto quale testo da usare nei tribunali e non quale testo oggetto di studio. Conseguentemente, i destinatari del divieto non erano gli antecessores, come finora unanimemente ritenuto: il che rende perfettamente giustificabile e non in contrasto col divieto la presenza di una ricca produzione di commentari derivanti dall'attivit\ue0 di insegnamento

D.1.1.2 e la sua portata nel contesto del liber singularis enchiridii

The Author conjectures that the text preserved in Pomp. l. sing. ench. D. 1.1.2: Veluti erga deum religio: ut parentibus et patriae pareamus is a residue of a contraposition between ius gentium (or ius naturale?) and ius civile, enunciated among the initial passages of Pomponius’ didactic discourse and preceded, probably, by a review of the meanings of the term ‘ius’; and that after this contraposition, a specific teaching on ius civile = ius civitatis would begin: first with an articulate historical introduction (the well-known excursus of D. 1.2.2) and then with an illustration of concrete institutes and disciplines of private law

Pancreatic tumors imaging: an update

Currently, ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) represent the mainstay in the evaluation of pancreatic solid and cystic tumors affecting pancreas in 80-85% and 10-15% of the cases respectively. Integration of US, CT or MR imaging is essential for an accurate assessment of pancreatic parenchyma, ducts and adjacent soft tissues in order to detect and to stage the tumor, to differentiate solid from cystic lesions and to establish an appropriate treatment. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of pancreatic tumors and the role of imaging in their diagnosis and management. In order to a prompt and accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of pancreatic lesions, it is crucial for radiologists to know the key findings of the most frequent tumors of the pancreas and the current role of imaging modalities. A multimodality approach is often helpful. If multidetector-row CT (MDCT) is the preferred initial imaging modality in patients with clinical suspicion for pancreatic cancer, multiparametric MRI provides essential information for the detection and characterization of a wide variety of pancreatic lesions and can be used as a problem-solving tool at diagnosis and during follow-up

Clinical impact of broad-spectrum empirical antibiotic therapy in patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia: a multicenter interventional study

Healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) has been proposed as a new category of pneumonia distinct from community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). A multicenter observational study in 2008 finds that patients with HCAP have a mortality rate significantly higher than patients with CAP, and a worse outcome is associated at logistic regression analysis with a low adherence to empirical antibiotic therapy recommended by ATS/IDSA guidelines. We designed a prospective interventional study to establish whether administration of a broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy consistent with the 2005 ATS/IDSA guidelines has an effect on the clinical outcome of hospitalized patients with HCAP. All patients with HCAP prospectively admitted in 25 medical wards of 20 Italian hospitals during a 1-month period were included in the study. All patients were assigned to receive an empirical therapy including a fluoroquinolone plus an anti-MRSA agent plus either piperacillin-tazobactam or a carbapenem. Main measures for improvement were duration of antibiotic therapy, length of hospital stay, and in-hospital mortality rate. Patients were compared with a historical control group of 90 patients, and followed up to discharge or death. HCAP patients receiving a guideline-concordant therapy had a shorter duration of antibiotic therapy (median 15 vs. 12 days, p = 0.0002), a shorter duration of hospitalization (median 18 vs. 14 days, p = 0.02), and a lower mortality rate (17.8 vs. 7.1 %, p = 0.03). Our results suggest that an empirical broad-spectrum therapy is associated with improved outcome in patients with HCAP

Ambientes digitales para el aprendizaje de arquitectura y diseño en la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana

690 páginas. Doctorado en Diseño.El Entorno Virtual de Aprendizaje será de gran apoyo para los profesores, principalmente para superar satisfactoriamente estos retos, debido a que con la integración de actividades de aprendizaje, autoevaluación, trabajo colaborativo en un mismo Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizaje, permitirá que los alumnos complementen los conocimientos y experiencias adquiridas durante las sesiones de clases presenciales. Esto es una realidad, porque debemos partir de la base que cada alumno puede lograr todo su potencial académico al 100% si se le proporcionan las herramientas adecuadas. El Entorno Virtual de Aprendizaje conectará las actividades diarias de profesores y alumnos en un único sistema, con el apoyo de múltiples herramientas como: carpetas de trabajo, módulos de aprendizaje, pruebas, encuestas, incorporación de rúbricas en todas las actividades educativas, herramientas de comunicación y colaboración y sistemas de medición de progreso de los alumnos. Esta amalgama de opciones permitirá más fácilmente al profesor analizar y tomar decisiones de manera inmediata, como por ejemplo, redefinir algunas estrategias de enseñanza que no están siendo efectivas. La División de Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño (Cyad) para solucionar el problema contará con el apoyo virtual de la Oficina de Educación Virtual de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco que integra el Sistema Administrador de Enseñanza y Aprendizaje de Diseño Básico en la plataforma CourseSites de Blackboard y la Aula Virtual en Moodle