Innovation and job creation in a dual labor market: evidence from Spain

This paper studies the effect of product and process innovations on job creation in the Spanish manufacturing sector over the period 1991-2005. We use a change in the Employment Protection Legislation in 1997 to study the effect of innovations on permanent and temporary workers before and after that change. We find that: (i) product and process innovation created jobs, (ii) before the change in the EPL in 1997 innovations did not affect the number of permanent workers and all the increase in employment was explained by the increase in the number of temporary workers, (iii) after the change in the EPL, innovations increased both the number of temporary and permanent employees, and (iv) while the increase in temporary workers takes place after one year of the innovations, the increase in permanent workers occurs mainly two year after the innovations

Innovation and job creation in a dual labor market: Evidence from Spain

This paper studies the effect of product and process innovations on the creation of jobs in the Spanish manufacturing sector over the period 1991-2005. We also use a change in the Employment Protection Legislation (EPL) in 1997 to study the effect of innovations on permanent and temporary workers before and after that change. We find that both product and process innovation created jobs in the Spanish manufacturing sector. Additionally, we find that before the change in the EPL in 1997 innovations did not affect the number of permanent workers and all the increase in employment was explained by the increase in the number of temporary workers. After the change in the labor regulations, innovations increased both the number of temporary and permanent employees. Interestingly, while the increase in temporary workers takes place after one year of the innovations, the increase in permanent workers occurs mainly two year after the innovations

Los determinantes del empleo público en las provincias argentinas

Fil: Capello, Marcelo Luis. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas; Argentina.Fil: Capello, Marcelo Luis. Instituto de Estudios sobre la Realidad Argentina y Latinoamericana; Argentina.Fil: Giuliodori, David. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Instituto de Economía y Finanzas; Argentina.Fil: Iglesias, Lucía. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Instituto de Economía y Finanzas; Argentina.Fil: Iglesias, Lucía. Instituto de Estudios sobre la Realidad Argentina y Latinoamericana; Argentina.Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar los determinantes de la incorporación de agentes al sector público, para el caso de las provincias argentinas. Se trabaja con un panel cross-sectional, incluyendo 24 jurisdicciones (23 provincias + CABA), para el período 1993-2016, con datos provenientes del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INDEC) y el Ministerio de Hacienda. La metodología aplicada consiste en la estimación por Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios incluyendo efectos fijos temporales y por provincia. Entre los resultados alcanzados, se destaca el papel importante que tienen las transferencias automáticas en la determinación del empleo público provincial, además de la influencia que ejercen algunas variables políticas sobre tal variable.Fil: Capello, Marcelo Luis. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas; Argentina.Fil: Capello, Marcelo Luis. Instituto de Estudios sobre la Realidad Argentina y Latinoamericana; Argentina.Fil: Giuliodori, David. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Instituto de Economía y Finanzas; Argentina.Fil: Iglesias, Lucía. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Instituto de Economía y Finanzas; Argentina.Fil: Iglesias, Lucía. Instituto de Estudios sobre la Realidad Argentina y Latinoamericana; Argentina.Economía, Econometrí

Los determinantes del empleo público en las provincias argentinas

Fil: Capello, Marcelo Luis. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas; Argentina.Fil: Capello, Marcelo Luis. Instituto de Estudios sobre la Realidad Argentina y Latinoamericana; Argentina.Fil: Giuliodori, David. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Instituto de Economía y Finanzas; Argentina.Fil: Iglesias, Lucía. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Instituto de Economía y Finanzas; Argentina.Fil: Iglesias, Lucía. Instituto de Estudios sobre la Realidad Argentina y Latinoamericana; Argentina.Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar los determinantes de la incorporación de agentes al sector público, para el caso de las provincias argentinas. Se trabaja con un panel cross-sectional, incluyendo 24 jurisdicciones (23 provincias + CABA), para el período 1993-2016, con datos provenientes del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INDEC) y el Ministerio de Hacienda. La metodología aplicada consiste en la estimación por Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios incluyendo efectos fijos temporales y por provincia. Entre los resultados alcanzados, se destaca el papel importante que tienen las transferencias automáticas en la determinación del empleo público provincial, además de la influencia que ejercen algunas variables políticas sobre tal variable.Fil: Capello, Marcelo Luis. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas; Argentina.Fil: Capello, Marcelo Luis. Instituto de Estudios sobre la Realidad Argentina y Latinoamericana; Argentina.Fil: Giuliodori, David. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Instituto de Economía y Finanzas; Argentina.Fil: Iglesias, Lucía. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Instituto de Economía y Finanzas; Argentina.Fil: Iglesias, Lucía. Instituto de Estudios sobre la Realidad Argentina y Latinoamericana; Argentina.Economía, Econometrí

The spillover effects of the ICT cluster support in Córdoba

This paper presents evidence on the spillover effect associated with the support received by firms located in a City of Argentina, between 2003 and 2007. The rationale for the cluster development program was the presence of agglomeration economies and coordination failures that generated spillovers and therefore to a suboptimal allocation of resources. We use a panel of firms in the ICT sector for the period 2003-2011 that allowed us to control for the dynamics of firms’ sales and fixed-effect applying the System GMM estimator. We find that one additional participant in the program increases the sales of non-participants in the City of Córdoba by 0.7%

The spillover effects of the ICT cluster support in Córdoba

This paper presents evidence on the spillover effect associated with the support received by firms located in a City of Argentina, between 2003 and 2007. The rationale for the cluster development program was the presence of agglomeration economies and coordination failures that generated spillovers and therefore to a suboptimal allocation of resources. We use a panel of firms in the ICT sector for the period 2003-2011 that allowed us to control for the dynamics of firms’ sales and fixed-effect applying the System GMM estimator. We find that one additional participant in the program increases the sales of non-participants in the City of Córdoba by 0.7%

Programas de Financiamiento Productivo a pymes, acceso al crédito y desempeño de las firmas: Evidencia de Argentina

In the last years, Argentinian’s Government has implemented several productive programs for financing MSMEs. The main objective of these programs was increasing the productivity of firms. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no work that measures the effectiveness of programs over the beneficiary firms; moreover, the micro data used in this work have not been used ever. In this paper, we evaluate three productive programs: the National Development Fund for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (FONAPYME), the Rate Bonus Regime (RBT) and the Reciprocal Guarantee Societies (SGR). On the base of administrative micro data and combining statistical matching techniques with the fixed effects model, we estimate the causal effect of the programs over different variables associated with firm’s productivity. Results show that programs have, on average, positive and significant effects over average employment, average salary, probability of access to credit, and the volume of financial debt. The impact comes mainly from young companies, and specifically in employment, from smaller companies. When comparing the programs, it seems that the RBT rate subsidy is the one with the most profound effects on the overall performance of the firms

Programas de Financiamiento Productivo a pymes, acceso al crédito y desempeño de las firmas: Evidencia de Argentina

In the last years, Argentinian’s Government has implemented several productive programs for financing MSMEs. The main objective of these programs was increasing the productivity of firms. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no work that measures the effectiveness of programs over the beneficiary firms; moreover, the micro data used in this work have not been used ever. In this paper, we evaluate three productive programs: the National Development Fund for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (FONAPYME), the Rate Bonus Regime (RBT) and the Reciprocal Guarantee Societies (SGR). On the base of administrative micro data and combining statistical matching techniques with the fixed effects model, we estimate the causal effect of the programs over different variables associated with firm’s productivity. Results show that programs have, on average, positive and significant effects over average employment, average salary, probability of access to credit, and the volume of financial debt. The impact comes mainly from young companies, and specifically in employment, from smaller companies. When comparing the programs, it seems that the RBT rate subsidy is the one with the most profound effects on the overall performance of the firms

Business cycle synchronisation in EMU: Can fiscal policy bring member-countries closer?

The present study adds to the literature on the impact of fiscal policy on business cycle synchronisation. Specifically, it investigates the effects of fiscal policy on business cycle synchronisation between the 10 EMU member-countries and the aggregate EMU12-wide business cycle, using a time-varying framework. The findings suggest that fiscal policy has important effects on business cycle synchronisation for all 10 EMU countries. Hence, fiscal policy is shown to have the potential to be supportive of macroeconomic stabilisation in the Eurozone. However the evidence reveals that none of the countries under examination consistently use fiscal policy to promote business cycle synchronisation

Incentivos tributarios para la I+D+i en Argentina: Una evaluación de las políticas recientes

En este trabajo se presenta un análisis del instrumento del crédito fiscal como mecanismo de incentivo para la inversión en I+D+i en Argentina, tal como se encuentra funcionando desde el año 1998. Se describen los principales aspectos regulatorios del mismo y, a través de modelos estructurales con datos de panel, se calcularon las elasticidades de corto y largo plazo de la inversión en I+D+i con respecto al costo del uso del capital, con el objetivo de cuantificar la eficacia del instrumento. En el análisis también se efectuaron diferenciaciones según el componente del gasto, la intensidad de la inversión en I+D y el tamaño de las firmas.