520 research outputs found

    Les pêcheries artisanales en Afrique de l'Ouest

    Get PDF

    β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) Promotes Neurite Outgrowth in Neuro2a Cells

    Get PDF
    β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) has been shown to enhance cell survival, differentiation and protein turnover in muscle, mainly activating phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinases/ extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (MAPK/ERK) signaling pathways. Since these two pathways are related to neuronal survival and differentiation, in this study, we have investigated the neurotrophic effects of HMB in mouse neuroblastoma Neuro2a cells. In Neuro2a cells, HMB promotes differentiation to neurites independent from any effects on proliferation. These effects are mediated by activation of both the PI3K/Akt and the extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) signaling as demonstrated by the use of specific inhibitors of these two pathways. As myocyte-enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) family of transcription factors are involved in neuronal survival and plasticity, the transcriptional activity and protein levels of MEF2 were also evaluated. HMB promoted MEF2-dependent transcriptional activity mediated by the activation of Akt and ERK1/2 pathways. Furthermore, HMB increases the expression of brain glucose transporters 1 (GLUT1) and 3 (GLUT3), and mTOR phosphorylation, which translates in a higher protein synthesis in Neuro2a cells. Furthermore, Torin1 and rapamycin effects on MEF2 transcriptional activity and HMB-dependent neurite outgrowth support that HMB acts through mTORC2. Together, these findings provide clear evidence to support an important role of HMB in neurite outgrowth.This project has been funded by Abbott Nutrition R&D

    Search for Lorentz and CPT Violation Effects in Muon Spin Precession

    Full text link
    The spin precession frequency of muons stored in the (g2)(g-2) storage ring has been analyzed for evidence of Lorentz and CPT violation. Two Lorentz and CPT violation signatures were searched for: a nonzero Δωa\Delta\omega_{a} (=ωaμ+ωaμ\omega_{a}^{\mu^{+}}-\omega_{a}^{\mu^{-}}); and a sidereal variation of ωaμ±\omega_{a}^{\mu^{\pm}}. No significant effect is found, and the following limits on the standard-model extension parameters are obtained: bZ=(1.0±1.1)×1023b_{Z} =-(1.0 \pm 1.1)\times 10^{-23} GeV; (mμdZ0+HXY)=(1.8±6.0×1023)(m_{\mu}d_{Z0}+H_{XY}) = (1.8 \pm 6.0 \times 10^{-23}) GeV; and the 95% confidence level limits bˇμ+<1.4×1024\check{b}_{\perp}^{\mu^{+}}< 1.4 \times 10^{-24} GeV and bˇμ<2.6×1024\check{b}_{\perp}^{\mu^{-}} < 2.6 \times 10^{-24} GeV.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters, Modified to answer the referees suggestion

    An Improved Limit on the Muon Electric Dipole Moment

    Get PDF
    Three independent searches for an electric dipole moment (EDM) of the positive and negative muons have been performed, using spin precession data from the muon g-2 storage ring at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Details on the experimental apparatus and the three analyses are presented. Since the individual results on the positive and negative muon, as well as the combined result, d=-0.1(0.9)E-19 e-cm, are all consistent with zero, we set a new muon EDM limit, |d| < 1.9E-19 e-cm (95% C.L.). This represents a factor of 5 improvement over the previous best limit on the muon EDM.Comment: 19 pages, 15 figures, 7 table

    Search for Lorentz and CPT Violation Effects in Muon Spin Precession

    Full text link
    The spin precession frequency of muons stored in the (g2)(g-2) storage ring has been analyzed for evidence of Lorentz and CPT violation. Two Lorentz and CPT violation signatures were searched for: a nonzero Δωa\Delta\omega_{a} (=ωaμ+ωaμ\omega_{a}^{\mu^{+}}-\omega_{a}^{\mu^{-}}); and a sidereal variation of ωaμ±\omega_{a}^{\mu^{\pm}}. No significant effect is found, and the following limits on the standard-model extension parameters are obtained: bZ=(1.0±1.1)×1023b_{Z} =-(1.0 \pm 1.1)\times 10^{-23} GeV; (mμdZ0+HXY)=(1.8±6.0×1023)(m_{\mu}d_{Z0}+H_{XY}) = (1.8 \pm 6.0 \times 10^{-23}) GeV; and the 95% confidence level limits bˇμ+<1.4×1024\check{b}_{\perp}^{\mu^{+}}< 1.4 \times 10^{-24} GeV and bˇμ<2.6×1024\check{b}_{\perp}^{\mu^{-}} < 2.6 \times 10^{-24} GeV.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters, Modified to answer the referees suggestion

    The Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment and the Standard Model

    Full text link
    The muon anomalous magnetic moment measurement, when compared with theory, can be used to test many extensions to the standard model. The most recent measurement made by the Brookhaven E821 Collaboration reduces the uncertainty on the world average of a_mu to 0.7 ppm, comparable in precision to theory. This paper describes the experiment and the current theoretical efforts to establish a correct standard model reference value for the muon anomaly.Comment: Plenary Talk; PANIC'02 XVI Particles and Nuclear International Conference, Osaka, Japan; Sept. 30 - Oct. 4, 2002; Report describes the published 0.7 ppm result and updates the theory statu
    corecore