Structural and functional characterization of TRX16, a thioredoxinlike protein and altering substrate specificity of a serine protease inhibitor

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

Emerging role of m6A modification in ovarian cancer: progression, drug resistance, and therapeutic prospects

Ovarian Cancer (OC) ranks as a prominent contributor to mortality among female reproductive system associated cancers, particularly the prevalent subtype epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC). Despite advancements in treatment modalities, the prognosis for OC patients remains grim due to limitation of current therapeutic methodology such as high cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents and tumor relapse making existing chemotherapy ineffective. Recognizing the limitations of a broad-spectrum approach to treating OC, a shift toward targeted therapies aligning with unique molecular features is imperative. This shift stems from an incomplete understanding of OC’s origin, distinguishing it from extensively researched malignancies such as cervical or colon cancer. At the molecular level, postsynthetic modifications—DNA, RNA, and protein—shape transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational processes. Posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms, including RNA modifications are termed epitranscriptomic and play critical roles in this process. For more than five decades, 100+ RNA post-synthetic modifications, notably N6-methyladenosine (m6A), most prevalent RNA modification in mammals, dynamically regulate messenger RNA (mRNA), and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) life orchestrated via writers, erasers, and readers. The disruption of m6A modifications are found in several cancers, including OC, underscores pivotal role of m6A. This review focused on m6A modifications in coding and non-coding RNAs, emphasizing their role as prognostic markers in OC and their impact on development, migration, invasion, and drug resistance. Additionally, RNA-modified regulators have been explored as potential molecular and therapeutic targets, offering an innovative approach to combatting this challenging malignancy

ANALYSIS OF AGRO-ECOLOGICAL SITUATION FOR IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEMS BY PRA TECHNIQUES IN ADAPTIVE VILLAGE OF KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA UNDER NEW ALLUVIA ZONE OF MURSHIDABAD DISTRICT OF WEST BENGAL

Agro Ecosystem analysis using the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) techniques of an adaptive village (Jainpur) of New Alluvial Zone of Murshidabad-Jiaganj block in Murshidabad district, West Bengal revealed that the village basically has rice and jute based farming system. The cropping intensity of the village is 233%. Out of 363 household 80% is engaged in Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and other allied activities. The land availability per household is 0.40 ha. The villagers are mostly scheduled caste. By snow ball technique major problems were identified .On the basis of bio-physical and socio-economic problems, thrust area were selected. Area specific On Farm Trials (OFT) in farmers' were conducted on some researchable issues. Front Line Demonstration (FLD), training programme, health camp, awareness camp and other different extension activities were arranged to mitigate the problems

Effect of the Critical Angular Momentum on Incomplete Fusion Dynamics

An attempt has been made to calculate the critical angular momentum (ℓcrit) from the experimentally measured total ER cross-sections and are compared with Bass model predictions (using PACE-2). A comparison between experimentally measured and theoretically calculated critical angular momentum for the systems 16O + 45Sc and 16O + 74ge has been done. In case of 16O + 45Sc system, it is found that the experimentally measured ℓcrit values are slightly lower than the theoretically calculated values at projectile energies from 66 to 114 MeV. the low values of ℓcrit associated with ICf-channels for this system suggests that at these projectile energies, ICf may not be strictly associated with peripheral collision. Instead there appears to be deeper penetration of the projectile with the target at these beam energies. But for the system 16O +74ge at projectile energies from 65 to 112 MeV, the experimentally measured ℓcrit-values are consistent with theoretically calculated values. this shows that ℓcrit -values associated with ICf channels for this system suggests that at these projectile energies, ICf may be associated with peripheral collision

Te mperature Dependent Decline in Soil Methane Oxidizing Bacterial Population in Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest Ecosystems

Abstract: Culturable methanotrophic bacteria (CMB) were studied in the soils of forest and savanna of tropical dry deciduous forest ecosystems employing most probable number (MPN) technique. The spatiotemporal study was conducted at the six sites differing in the soil physicochemical properties and vegetational cover. CMB population was high in the moist sites compared to the dry sites and in sub soil below 10 cm depth. The top soil population ranged between 7.0 × 10 4 to

Long-term quality of life postacute kidney injury in cardiac surgery patients.

Acute renal failure after cardiac surgery is known to be associated with significant short-term morbidity and mortality. There have as yet been no major reports on long-term quality of life (QOL). This study assessed the impact of acute kidney injury (AKI) and renal replacement therapy (RRT) on long-term survival and QOL after cardiac surgery. The need for long-term RRT is also assessed

Effect of Rhizobium leguminosarum Inoculation and Mulching on Growth and Yield of Chinese Long Bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis)

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of Rhizobium leguminosarum inoculation and mulching on the growth and yield of Chinese long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis) in Palungtar, Nepal. A split-plot design was used for the experiment, which was replicated four times. Plastic, straw, and no-mulch conditions constituted the main plot factor, while seeds with or without Rhizobium inoculation constituted the sub-plot elements. Growth parameters and yield-related traits of Chinese long beans were recorded at 15-day intervals. Transparent plastic mulching resulted in earlier flowering (46 days), while seed inoculation with Rhizobium resulted in a higher mean number of nodules (106.92) than non-inoculated treatments, with transparent plastic mulching resulting in the highest mean number of nodules (108.21). At 60 days after showing (DAS), plant height was greater in the inoculated treatment (69.23 cm), while at 30 DAS, the non-inoculated treatment had a higher number of leaves (22.28 cm). Similarly, pod length (49.98 cm), pod yield per plant (348.01 g), and total yield per hectare (16.07 t/ha) were all significantly higher with both plastic mulch and seed inoculation with Rhizobium than with the other treatments alone. A positive correlation was observed between plant height (0.81), number of branches (0.44), number of leaves (0.81), number of nodules per plant (0.6), and pod yield. This supports the potential benefits of using seed inoculation with Rhizobium in combination with mulching to improve Chinese long bean growth and increase yield as demonstrated by the results of this study

Modifying the Substrate Specificity of Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda Serine Protease Inhibitor Domain 1 to Target Thrombin

Protease inhibitors play a decisive role in maintaining homeostasis and eliciting antimicrobial activities. Invertebrates like the horseshoe crab have developed unique modalities with serine protease inhibitors to detect and respond to microbial and host proteases. Two isoforms of an immunomodulatory two-domain Kazal-like serine protease inhibitor, CrSPI-1 and CrSPI-2, have been recently identified in the hepatopancreas of the horseshoe crab, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda. Full length and domain 2 of CrSPI-1 display powerful inhibitory activities against subtilisin. However, the structure and function of CrSPI-1 domain-1 (D1) remain unknown. Here, we report the crystal structure of CrSPI-1-D1 refined up to 2.0 Å resolution. Despite the close structural homology of CrSPI-1-D1 to rhodniin-D1 (a known thrombin inhibitor), the CrSPI-1-D1 does not inhibit thrombin. This prompted us to modify the selectivity of CrSPI-1-D1 specifically towards thrombin. We illustrate the use of structural information of CrSPI-1-D1 to modify this domain into a potent thrombin inhibitor with IC50 of 26.3 nM. In addition, these studies demonstrate that, besides the rigid conformation of the reactive site loop of the inhibitor, the sequence is the most important determinant of the specificity of the inhibitor. This study will lead to the significant application to modify a multi-domain inhibitor protein to target several proteases

Disentangling of incomplete fusion dynamics at low energies ≈ 4-6 MeV/A

An experiment has been performed for the measurements of forward recoil range distributions (FRRDs) of evaporation residues (ERs) using 16O beam on the target 148Nd to explore the incomplete fusion (ICF) dynamics at low projectile energy ≈ 4-6 MeV/A. In the present work, FRRDs of ERs 159,158Er(xn), 160g,159Ho(pxn), 157,155Dy(αxn) and 155Tb(αpxn) have been measured. The measured FRRDs of ERs have been compared with their theoretical mean ranges, calculated using code SRIM. These present results obtained from FRRDs measurements show that full and partial linear momentum transfer components are involved. This indicates that the ERs populated through α-emission channels are not only produced via complete fusion, but also through incomplete fusion dynamics. The present analysis indicates that the incomplete fusion contribution increases with projectile energy. This increment in incomplete fusion contribution is due to the increase in breakup probability of projectile 16O into 12C + 4He/ α with projectile energy

Disentangling of incomplete fusion dynamics at low energies ≈ 4-6 MeV/A

371-375An experiment has been performed for the measurements of forward recoil range distributions (FRRDs) of evaporation residues (ERs) using 16O beam on the target 148Nd to explore the incomplete fusion (ICF) dynamics at low projectile energy ≈ 4-6 MeV/A. In the present work, FRRDs of ERs 159,158Er(xn), 160g,159Ho(pxn), 157,155Dy(αxn) and 155Tb(αpxn) have been measured. The measured FRRDs of ERs have been compared with their theoretical mean ranges, calculated using code SRIM. These present results obtained from FRRDs measurements show that full and partial linear momentum transfer components are involved. This indicates that the ERs populated through α-emission channels are not only produced via complete fusion, but also through incomplete fusion dynamics. The present analysis indicates that the incomplete fusion contribution increases with projectile energy. This increment in incomplete fusion contribution is due to the increase in breakup probability of projectile 16O into 12C + 4He/ α with projectile energy