Raman scattering investigation across the magnetic and MI transition in rare earth nickelate RNiO3 (R = Sm, Nd) thin films

We report a temperature-dependent Raman scattering investigation of thin film rare earth nickelates SmNiO3, NdNiO3 and Sm0.60Nd0.40NiO3, which present a metal-to-insulator (MI) transition at TMI and an antiferromagnetic-paramagnetic Neel transition at TN. Our results provide evidence that all investigated samples present a structural phase transition at TMI but the Raman signature across TMI is significantly different for NdNiO3 (TMI = TN) compared to SmNiO3 and Sm0.60Nd0.40NiO3 (TMI =/ TN). It is namely observed that the paramagnetic-insulator phase (TN < T < TMI) in SmNiO3 and Sm0.60Nd0.40NiO3 is characterized by a pronounced softening of one particular phonon band around 420 cm-1. This signature is unusual and points to an important and continuous change in the distortion of NiO6 octahedra (thus the Ni-O bonding) which stabilizes upon cooling at the magnetic transition. The observed behaviour might well be a general feature for all rare earth nickelates with TMI =/ TN and illustrates intriguing coupling mechanism in the TMI > T > TN regime.Comment: Revised & published versio

SmNiO3/NdNiO3 thin film multilayers

Rare earth nickelates RENiO3 which attract interest due to their sharp metal-insulator phase transition, are instable in bulk form due to the necessity of an important oxygen pressure to stabilize Ni in its 3+ state of oxidation. Here, we report the stabilization of rare earth nickelates in [(SmNiO3)t/(NdNiO3)t]n thin film multilayers, t being the thickness of layers alternated n times. Both bilayers and multilayers have been deposited by Metal-Organic Chemical Vapour Deposition. The multilayer structure and the presence of the metastable phases SmNiO3 and NdNiO3 are evidenced from by X-ray and Raman scattering. Electric measurements of a bilayer structure further support the structural quality of the embedded rare earth nickelate layers.Comment: Appl. Phys. Lett. (2011), accepte

Expanding the Circuitry of Pluripotency by Selective Isolation of Chromatin-Associated Proteins

Maintenance of pluripotency is regulated by a network of transcription factors coordinated by Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog (OSN), yet a systematic investigation of the composition and dynamics of the OSN protein network specifically on chromatin is still missing. Here we have developed a method combining ChIP with selective isolation of chromatin-associated proteins (SICAP) followed by mass spectrometry to identify chromatin-bound partners of a protein of interest. ChIP-SICAP in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) identified over 400 proteins associating with OSN, including several whose interaction depends on the pluripotent state. Trim24, a previously unrecognized protein in the network, converges with OSN on multiple enhancers and suppresses the expression of developmental genes while activating cell cycle genes. Consistently, Trim24 significantly improved efficiency of cellular reprogramming, demonstrating its direct functionality in establishing pluripotency. Collectively, ChIP-SICAP provides a powerful tool to decode chromatin protein composition, further enhanced by its integrative capacity to perform ChIP-seq

Tank 241-AY-102 Leak Assessment Supporting Documentation: Miscellaneous Reports, Letters, Memoranda, And Data

This report contains reference materials cited in RPP-ASMT -53793, Tank 241-AY-102 Leak Assessment Report, that were obtained from the National Archives Federal Records Repository in Seattle, Washington, or from other sources including the Hanford Site&#x27;s Integrated Data Management System database (IDMS)

The Mechanical Design Of The Bpm Inter-Tank Section For P-Linac At FAIR

At the planned Proton LINAC at the FAIR facility,four-fold button Beam Position Monitor (BPM) will beinstalled at 14 locations along the 30 m long FAIR p-LINAC. The LINAC comprises of crossbar H-mode (CH)cavity to accelerate a 70 mA proton beam up to 70 MeVat frequency of 325 MHz. At four locations, the BPMswill be an integral part of the inter-tank section betweenthe CCH and CH cavities within an evacuated housing.As the BPM centre is only 48 mm apart from the upstreamcavity boundary, the rf-background at the BPMposition, generated by the cavity must be evaluated. Inthis paper the mechanical design of the BPM for the intertanksection is presented and the rf-noise at the BPMlocation is discussed

A conserved role for Snail as a potentiator of active transcription

The transcription factors of the Snail family are key regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, cell morphogenesis, and tumor metastasis. Since its discovery in Drosophila ~25 years ago, Snail has been extensively studied for its role as a transcriptional repressor. Here we demonstrate that Drosophila Snail can positively modulate transcriptional activation. By combining information on in vivo occupancy with expression profiling of hand-selected, staged snail mutant embryos, we identified 106 genes that are potentially directly regulated by Snail during mesoderm development. In addition to the expected Snail-repressed genes, almost 50% of Snail targets showed an unanticipated activation. The majority of "Snail-activated" genes have enhancer elements cobound by Twist and are expressed in the mesoderm at the stages of Snail occupancy. Snail can potentiate Twist-mediated enhancer activation in vitro and is essential for enhancer activity in vivo. Using a machine learning approach, we show that differentially enriched motifs are sufficient to predict Snail's regulatory response. In silico mutagenesis revealed a likely causative motif, which we demonstrate is essential for enhancer activation. Taken together, these data indicate that Snail can potentiate enhancer activation by collaborating with different activators, providing a new mechanism by which Snail regulates development

Long-Term Impact of Cyclosporin Reduction with MMF Treatment in Chronic Allograft Dysfunction: REFERENECE Study 3-Year Follow Up

Calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) toxicity contributes to chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN). In the 2-year, randomized, study, we showed that 50% cyclosporin (CsA) reduction in combination with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) treatment improves kidney function without increasing the risk for graft rejection/loss. To investigate the long-term effect of this regimen, we conducted a follow up study in 70 kidney transplant patients until 5 years after REFERENCE initiation. The improvement of kidney function was confirmed in the MMF group but not in the control group (CsA group). Four graft losses occurred, 2 in each group (graft survival in the MMF group 95.8% and 90.9% in control group). One death occurred in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of serious adverse events or acute graft rejections. A limitation is the weak proportion of patient still remaining within the control group. On the other hand, REFERENCE focuses on the CsA regimen while opinions about the tacrolimus ones are still debated. In conclusion, CsA reduction in the presence of MMF treatment seems to maintain kidney function and is well tolerated in the long term

Percutaneous transhepatic embolization as treatment for bleeding ileostomy varices

We report two patients with bleeding stomal varices following total colectomy and ileostomy. The varices were demonstrated by superior mesenteric angiography and percutaneous transhepatic mesenteric venography; dilated ileal veins drained via the stomal varices into abdominal wall veins. Bleeding from the stomal varices was treated by transhepatic embolization. The first patient required three transhepatic embolizations after recurrent bleeding due to recanalization of the embolized ileal vein and the development of collaterals from the adjacent ileal veins over a one-year period. The second patient died of respiratory failure 1 week after embolization. Neither patient developed mesenteric or stomal ischemia.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/41322/1/270_2004_Article_BF00204146.pd

4DXpress: a database for cross-species expression pattern comparisons

In the major animal model species like mouse, fish or fly, detailed spatial information on gene expression over time can be acquired through whole mount in situ hybridization experiments. In these species, expression patterns of many genes have been studied and data has been integrated into dedicated model organism databases like ZFIN for zebrafish, MEPD for medaka, BDGP for Drosophila or GXD for mouse. However, a central repository that allows users to query and compare gene expression patterns across different species has not yet been established. Therefore, we have integrated expression patterns for zebrafish, Drosophila, medaka and mouse into a central public repository called 4DXpress (expression database in four dimensions). Users can query anatomy ontology-based expression annotations across species and quickly jump from one gene to the orthologues in other species. Genes are linked to public microarray data in ArrayExpress. We have mapped developmental stages between the species to be able to compare developmental time phases. We store the largest collection of gene expression patterns available to date in an individual resource, reflecting 16 505 annotated genes. 4DXpress will be an invaluable tool for developmental as well as for computational biologists interested in gene regulation and evolution. 4DXpress is available at http://ani.embl.de/4DXpress

Comparing open-source DEM frameworks for simulations of common bulk processes

Multiple software frameworks based on the Discrete Element Method (DEM) are available for simulating granular materials. All of them employ the same principles of explicit time integration, with each time step consisting of three main steps: contact detection, calculation of interactions, and integration of the equations of motion. However, there exist significant algorithmic differences, such as the choice of contact models, particle and wall shapes, and data analysis methods. Further differences can be observed in the practical implementation, including data structures, architecture, parallelization and domain decomposition techniques, user interaction, and the documentation of resources. This study compares, verifies, and benchmarks nine widely-used software frameworks. Only open-source packages were considered, as these are freely available and their underlying algorithms can be reviewed, edited, and tested. The benchmark consists of three common bulk processes: silo emptying, drum mixing, and particle impact. To keep it simple and comparable, only standard features were used, such as spherical particles and the Hertz-Mindlin model for dry contacts. Scripts for running the benchmarks in each software are provided as a dataset.</p