The evolution of vacuum states and phase transitions in 2HDM during cooling of Universe

We consider the evolution of the ground state in the Two Higgs Doublet Model during cooling down of the Universe after the Big Bang. Different regions in the space of free parameters of this model correspond to different sequences of thermal phase transitions. We discuss different paths of thermal evolution and corresponding evolution of physical properties of the system for different modern values of the parameters.Comment: 28 pages, 12 figure

Evolution of Universe to the present inert phase

We assume that current state of the Universe can be described by the Inert Doublet Model, containing two scalar doublets, one of which is responsible for EWSB and masses of particles and the second one having no couplings to fermions and being responsible for dark matter. We consider possible evolutions of the Universe to this state during cooling down of the Universe after inflation. We found that in the past Universe could pass through phase states having no DM candidate. In the evolution via such states in addition to a possible EWSB phase transition (2-nd order) the Universe sustained one 1-st order phase transition or two phase transitions of the 2-nd order.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figure

Proximity effect in clean strong/weak/strong superconducting tri-layers

Recent measurements of the Josephson critical current through LSCO/LCO/LSCO thin films showed an unusually large proximity effect. Using the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) equations for a tight binding Hamiltonian we describe the proximity effect in weak links between a superconductor with critical temperature $T_c$ and one with critical temperature $T_c$', where $T_c>T_c$'. The weak link (N') is therefore a superconductor above its own critical temperature and the superconducting regions are considered to have either s-wave or d-wave symmetry. We note that the proximity effect is enhanced due to the presence of superconducting correlations in the weak link. The dc Josephson current is calculated, and we obtain a non-zero value for temperatures greater than $T_c$' for sizes of the weak links that can be almost an order of magnitude greater than the conventional coherence length. Considering pockets of superconductivity in the N' layer, we show that this can lead to an even larger effect on the Josephson critical current by effectively shortening the weak link.Comment: submitted to Physical Review

Gravitational Laser Back-Scattering

A possible way of producing gravitons in the laboratory is investigated. We evaluate the cross section electron + photon $\rightarrow$ electron + graviton in the framework of linearized gravitation, and analyse this reaction considering the photon coming either from a laser beam or from a Compton back-scattering process.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures (available upon request), RevTeX, IFT-P.03/9

Spatial and Temporal Noise Spectra of Spatially Extended Systems with Order-Disorder Phase Transitions

The noise power spectra of spatially extended dynamical systems are investigated, using as a model the Complex Ginzburg-Landau equation with a stochastic term. Analytical and numerical investigations show that the spatial spectra of the ordered state are similar to Bose-Einstein distribution, showing 1/k^2 asymptotics in the long wavelength limit. The temporal noise spectra of the ordered state are obtained of 1/^alpha form, where alpha=2-D/2 with D the spatial dimension of the system.Comment: to be printed in International Journal of Bifurcation and Chao

Diffractive photoproduction of opposite-charge pseudoscalar meson pairs at high energies

We calculate the cross section for diffractive photoproduction of opposite-charge pseudoscalar meson pairs $M^+M^- = \pi^+ \pi^-$, $K^+ K^-$, $D^+ D^-$ and $B^+ B^-$ in a broad range of center-of-mass energies relevant for GlueX/Hall D, FOCUS, COMPASS and HERA experiments. In the case of $\pi^+\pi^-$ production we find that the interference of the $\rho^0$ resonance and the two-pion continuum leads to a considerable deformation of the shape of $\rho^0$ in agreement with the data from the ZEUS collaboration. We also discuss the spectral shape of the $\rho^0$ as a function of the momentum transfer and the contribution of higher partial waves to the $\pi^+\pi^-$ mass spectrum. We predict a sizeable energy-dependent forward-backward asymmetry in the Gottfried-Jackson frame. For the heavy meson production we find that the cross section for diffractive production increases much slower than the one for open charm or bottom production. We discuss lower and upper limits for the cross sections for diffractive production of $D^+ D^-$ and $B^+ B^-$ pairs, which we find can be as large as 10% of the open flavor production.Comment: 14 pages, 19 figure

Identifying the Higgs Boson in Electron--Photon Collisions

We analyze the production and detection of the Higgs boson in the next generation of linear $e^+e^-$ colliders operating in the $e\gamma$ mode. In particular, we study the production mechanism $e + \gamma \rightarrow e \gamma \gamma \rightarrow e + H$, where one photon is generated via the laser backscattering mechanism, while the other is radiated via the usual bremsstrahlung process. We show that this is the most important mechanism for Higgs boson production in a $500$ GeV $e\gamma$ collider for M_H\raisebox{-.4ex}{\rlap{\sim}} \raisebox{.4ex}{>}140 GeV. We also study the signals and backgrounds for detection of the Higgs in the different decay channels, $b \bar b$, $W^+W^-$, and $ZZ$, and suggest kinematical cuts to improve the signature of an intermediate mass Higgs boson.Comment: (REVTEX 2.0, 12 pages and 9 figures available upon request, Preprint MAD/PH/753

Motion of vortices in type II superconductors

The methods of formal asymptotics are used to examine the behaviour of a system of curvilinear vortices in a type II superconductor as the thickness of the vortex cores tends to zero. The vortices then appear as singularities in the field equation and are analagous to line vortices in inviscid hydrodynamics. A local analysis near each vortex core gives an equation of motion governing the evolution of these singularities

The phase evolution of the Universe during its cooling down in 2HDM

Two Higgs Doublet Model at different values of parameters realizes ground state (vacuum) with different properties. The parameters of the Gibbs potential are varied during cooling down of the Universe after Big Bang. At this variation properties of vacuum state can vary, Universe suffers phase transitions. The evolution of phase states and chains of phase transitions can be much more diverse than in Standard Model with single Higgs doublet. We analyzed phase history of earlier Universe for each set of parameters and find sets of modern parameters, responsible for different chains of thermal phase transitions

ZZγZZ\gamma and ZγγZ\gamma\gamma couplings in γe\gamma e collision with polarized beams

The potential of $\gamma$e mode of linear $e^{+}e^{-}$ collider to probe $ZZ\gamma$ and $Z\gamma\gamma$ vertices is investigated through the Z boson production from the procees $\gamma e\to Z e$. Considering the longitudinal and transverse polarization states of the Z boson and incoming polarized beams we find the 95% C.L. limits on the form factors $h_{3}^{Z}$, $h_{4}^{Z}$, $h_{3}^{\gamma}$ and $h_{4}^{\gamma}$ with integrated luminosity 500$fb^{-1}$ and $\sqrt{s}=$0.5, 1, 1.5 TeV energies. It is shown that the polarization can improve sensitivities by factors 2-3 depending on the energy.Comment: 12 pages, 8 EPS figure