Estrategias metacognitivas y rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de la facultad de comunicaciones de una universidad privada de Lima, 2023

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre las Estrategias Metacognitivas y el Rendimiento Académico de los Estudiantes de la Facultad de Comunicaciones de una Universidad Privada, Lima, 2023. La metodología aplicada fue de tipo básica, de enfoque cuantitativo, de nivel correlacional y diseño no experimental. Se decidió aplicar el muestreo no probabilístico intencional constituido por 120 educandos de la Facultad de Comunicaciones de una Universidad Privada de Lima a los que se aplicó un cuestionario para medir la variable Estrategias Metacognitivas. Para el Rendimiento Académico, se recopilaron las calificaciones que obtuvo cada estudiante de la facultad como promedio ponderado al concluir el ciclo. El resultado del coeficiente de correlación de rho de Spearman fue de -0,101 y un sig. de 0,271>0,05, esto reflejó que existe una correlación positiva baja. Por consecuencia se concluyó que no existe relación entre las Estrategias Metacognitivas y el Rendimiento Académico de los Estudiantes de la Facultad de Comunicaciones de una Universidad privada, Lima, 2023

Dental practitioners perception of the care of patients with Angle II malocclusions

Introduction: malocclusion is considered one of the most common oral health problems. Objective: to describe the perception of dentists on Angle type II malocclusions. Methods: observational, descriptive, longitudinal and cross-sectional study of dentists in private practice in Santo Domingo, Ecuador during the year 2022. The sample consisted of 9 dentists. A semi-structured survey was used to collect the information, and descriptive statistics were used to study the data. Results: 33,33 % of the dentists reported that the function of orthodontics in the face of malocclusions was to act on oral health and the temporomandibular joint, and 22,23 % reported occlusal stability.  One hundred percent considered malocclusions as a condition with an impact on oral and respiratory health. Seventy-seven percent considered making the diagnosis in childhood between the ages of 6 and 11 years. 100 % reported identifying low self-esteem in their patients and 10 % reported feelings of anger or rage. Conclusions: Angle class II malocclusions constitute an entity that requires intervention to preserve oral and temporomandibular joint health, as well as respiratory physiology. It should be identified from an early age, avoiding both physical and psychological repercussions

Triclosan Impairs Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Spatial Memory in Male Rats

Triclosan, a widely used industrial and household agent, is present as an antiseptic ingredient in numerous products of everyday use, such as toothpaste, cosmetics, kitchenware, and toys. Previous studies have shown that human brain and animal tissues contain triclosan, which has been found also as a contaminant of water and soil. Triclosan disrupts heart and skeletal muscle Ca2+ signaling, damages liver function, alters gut microbiota, causes colonic inflammation, and promotes apoptosis in cultured neocortical neurons and neural stem cells. Information, however, on the possible effects of triclosan on the function of the hippocampus, a key brain region for spatial learning and memory, is lacking. Here, we report that triclosan addition at low concentrations to hippocampal slices from male rats inhibited long-term potentiation but did not affect basal synaptic transmission or paired-pulse facilitation and modified the content or phosphorylation levels of synaptic plasticity-related proteins. Additionally, incubation of primary hippocampal cultures with triclosan prevented both the dendritic spine remodeling induced by brain-derived neurotrophic factor and the emergence of spontaneous oscillatory Ca2+ signals. Furthermore, intra-hippocampal injection of triclosan significantly disrupted rat navigation in the Oasis maze spatial memory task, an indication that triclosan impairs hippocampus-dependent spatial memory performance. Based on these combined results, we conclude that triclosan exerts highly damaging effects on hippocampal neuronal function in vitro and impairs spatial memory processes in vivo

Asthma in an Urban Population in Portugal: A prevalence study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The prevalence and incidence of asthma are believed to be increasing but research on the true incidence, prevalence and mortality from asthma has met methodological obstacles since it has been difficult to define and diagnose asthma in epidemiological terms. New and widely accepted diagnostic criteria for asthma present opportunities for progress in this field. Studies conducted in Portugal have estimated the disease prevalence between 3% and 15%. Available epidemiological data present a significant variability due to methodological obstacles.</p> <p>Aim</p> <p>To estimate the true prevalence of asthma by gender and age groups in the population of the area covered by one urban Health Centre in Portugal.</p> <p>Method</p> <p>An observational study was conducted between February and July 2009 at the Horizonte Family Health Unit in Matosinhos, Portugal. A random sample of 590 patients, stratified by age and gender was obtained from the practice database of registered patients. Data was collected using a patient questionnaire based on respiratory symptoms and the physician's best knowledge of the patient's asthma status. The prevalence of asthma was calculated by age and gender.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Data were obtained from 576 patients (97.6% response rate). The mean age for patients with asthma was 27.0 years (95% CI: 20.95 to 33.16). This was lower than the mean age for non-asthmatics but the difference was not statistically significant. Asthma was diagnosed in 59 persons giving a prevalence of 10.24% (95% CI: 8.16 to 12.32). There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of asthma by gender.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The prevalence of asthma found in the present study was higher than that found in some studies, though lower than that found in other studies. Further studies in other regions of Portugal are required to confirm these findings.</p

The SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics' resources: focus on curated databases

The SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (www.isb-sib.ch) provides world-class bioinformatics databases, software tools, services and training to the international life science community in academia and industry. These solutions allow life scientists to turn the exponentially growing amount of data into knowledge. Here, we provide an overview of SIB's resources and competence areas, with a strong focus on curated databases and SIB's most popular and widely used resources. In particular, SIB's Bioinformatics resource portal ExPASy features over 150 resources, including UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ENZYME, PROSITE, neXtProt, STRING, UniCarbKB, SugarBindDB, SwissRegulon, EPD, arrayMap, Bgee, SWISS-MODEL Repository, OMA, OrthoDB and other databases, which are briefly described in this article

Bruxismo un hábito recurrente en jóvenes con ansiedad

El bruxismo es uno de los más prevalentes desórdenes oclusales, que hoy en día se da con mayor frecuencia en jóvenes puede presentarse como dolor orofacial o cefalea en región temporal; es considerado como el hábito de apretamiento y rechinado de los dientes, con movimientos que hacen contactos sin propósitos funcionales y con distintos grados de intensidad.Existen dos tipos de entidades clínicas: el bruxismo diurno y nocturno, los cuales pueden estar desencadenados por una serie de factores en donde los periféricos (morfológicos) ocupan un menor rol o incluso inexistente y los factores centrales (fisiopatológicos y psicológicos) involucrados en gran medida en su génesis.Los factores de riesgo más importantes que provocan el bruxismo son el estrés, la ansiedad y la depresión, pero así mismo se han hecho estudios actuales en donde involucran con mayor incidencia al consumo de alcohol, tabaco, drogas (éxtasis y cocaína) e incluso medicamentos que causan el bruxismo.Los diferentes efectos que estas pueden generar estas sustancias en el individuo son de excitación, inducen un estado de relajación, haciendo disminuir las ideas o pensamientos negativos. Con dosis elevadas se altera la capacidad de concentración y coordinación, pudiendo presentarse crisis de ansiedad y ataques de pánico; e incluso desarrollar complicaciones aún más graves.Mucho más allá de eso, estas sustancias causan efectos negativos en los dientes gracias a los movimientos involuntarios de mandíbula, en algunos casos pueden desencadenar en el bruxismo lo que puede causar dolor de cabeza crónico, deformaciones faciales, fracturas en los dientes y erosión del esmalte dental