Lexical-semantic aspect of the concept "Actions, Behavior" (on the material of the Tatar and English phraseological units with the component-zoonym)

© the author(s). The urgency of the problem under investigation is stipulated by the fact that the study of concepts through their linguistic explicates is currently one of the problems of the modern cognitive linguistics, which in turn, helps to reveal the very structure of the concept. A comparison of the equivalent concepts in the Tatar and English language pictures of the world allows disclosing their cultural identity. The purpose of the article is to determine the lexical-semantic features of the concept "actions, behavior" as well as identify the universal and national characteristics in representation of the analyzed concept through phraseological means of the Tatar and English languages. The science-based approach will dominate in the process of this problem investigation. We used the general scientific methods of research in the study, such as descriptive-analytical and comparative. The authors also applied the methods of component, contextual and statistical analysis. The method of idiomatic modeling is partially used in the article as well. The main results of the article. The names of the animals within the phraseological units are mainly used in figurative sense. As a rule, certain characteristics and features of people are transferred through a definite image of an animal. We have revealed universal and national features in the analyzed concepts and their representations by phraseological means of the Tatar and English languages. About 25 animal names have been involved in the Tatar and English phraseological units. The materials of this article can be useful for students, master program undergraduates, post-graduate students while learning Tatar and English. Information on "language pictures of the world" of various linguocultural communities can be applied in the methods and practice of teaching above-mentioned languages

NATIONAL AND CULTURAL PECULIARITIES OF THE CONCEPT FEAR

The purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to determine the lexical and semantic features of the concept of fear. It is essential to identify general and national features in the presentation of this concept by phraseological units of the investigated languages. This article discusses the lexical and semantic features of the concept of fear in the English and Tatar languages. Materials and methods: The comparison of concepts in the world picture of the mentioned languages reveals their national and cultural peculiarities. In the study of this problem, the authors used descriptive-analytical and comparative methods. However, the methods of component, contextual and statistical analysis were applied. To some degree, the authors used the method of phraseological modeling. Results of the research: As a rule, a specific image of animals conveys certain features and characteristics of people; consequently, all the names of animals that are part of phraseological units are mainly used in figurative meaning. As a result, by phraseological means of the English and Tatar languages we could reveal general and national features in the analyzed concepts. About 5 names of animals are used in the Tatar and English phraseological units. The materials of the article can be useful for students, masters who study English and Tatar languages. The results of the study can also be used in the methodology of teaching the investigated languages. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of National and Cultural Peculiarities of the Concept FEAR is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

LINGUOCULTURAL PECULIARITIES OF ABBREVIATIONS IN THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE

The purpose of the article: The aim of the article is to define the linguocultural peculiarities of the abbreviations in the political discourse.Materials and methods: The leading approach to the study of this problem is scientific. In the article such general scientific research methods as a descriptive-analytical method; method of continuous sampling and contextual analysis were used.Results of the research: there is relevance to the detailed investigation of the active language processes in modern English electronic media. Abbreviations are the language tools that help create a picture of the day. The newspaper is the first source where new abbreviations are fixed. In the English speaking electronic newspapers in political discourse generally accepted abbreviations are used. In political articles the use of abbreviations is in outline. The materials of the article can be useful for students, Masters, and postgraduates in English study. Data on the "language picture of the world" of the analyzed linguistic and cultural community can be applied in the methodology and teaching practice of foreign languages. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Linguocultural Peculiarities of Abbreviations in Political Discourse is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Domain creation by electron and ion beams in lithium tantalate crystals

The equipment of the Ural Center for Shared Use “Modern nanotechnology” Ural Federal University was used. The research was made possible by the Russian Science Foundation (grant № 17-72-10152)

Domain structure and grain orientation in PLZT ceramics using electron backscatter diffraction and piezoresponse force microscopy

The equipment of the Ural Center for Shared Use “Modern nanotechnology” UrFU was used. The research was made possible by Russian Foundation of Basic Research (Grant 16-02-00821-а)

Domain patterning by focused electron beam in wide temperature range in lithium niobate crystal with surface dielectric layer

The equipment of the Ural Center for Shared Use “Modern nanotechnology” Ural Federal University was used. The research was made possible by the Russian Science Foundation (grant № 17-72-10152)

The ferroelectric domain formation under the action of an electron beam in lithium niobate crystals

The equipment of the Ural Center for Shared Use “Modern nanotechnology” Ural Federal University was used. The research was made possible by the Russian Science Foundation (grant № 17-72-10152)

Domain wall shape instability in congruent lithium tantalate during switching by ion beam

The equipment of the Ural Center for Shared Use “Modern nanotechnology” UrFU was used. The research was made possible in part by Government of the Rus-sian Federation (Act 211, Agreement 02.A03.21.0006) and by President of Russian Federation grant for young scientists (Contract 14.Y30.16.8441-МК). V.S. acknowledges financial support within the State Task from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Project No. 1366.2014/236)

Domain structure of BaTiO3 ceramics before and after poling

The research was made possible by President of Russian Federation grant for young scientists (MK-3653.2019.2). The equipment of the Ural Center for Shared Use “Modern Nanotechnology” Ural Federal University was used

Electron beam poling of [001]c-poled PMN-39PT single crystal

The equipment of the Ural Center for Shared Use “Modern Nanotechnology” UrFU has been used. The research was made possible in part by Government of the Russian Federation (Act 211, Agreement 02.180 A03.21.0006) and RFBR (grant 17-52-80116-BRICS_a)