O papel da glutamina nas altera??es intestinais da hipertens?o portal em ratos submetidos ao modelo experimental de ligadura parcial da veia porta

Submitted by Caroline Xavier ([email protected]) on 2017-06-30T13:05:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_GILMARA_PANDOLFO_ZABOT_PARCIAL.pdf: 628717 bytes, checksum: ac6c7a3620466ffc6fc2346323b1beef (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier ([email protected]) on 2017-06-30T13:05:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_GILMARA_PANDOLFO_ZABOT_PARCIAL.pdf: 628717 bytes, checksum: ac6c7a3620466ffc6fc2346323b1beef (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T13:05:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_GILMARA_PANDOLFO_ZABOT_PARCIAL.pdf: 628717 bytes, checksum: ac6c7a3620466ffc6fc2346323b1beef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-15Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate possible preventative effects of glutamine in an animal model of PH induced by partial portal vein ligation (PPVL). Materials and methods: Twenty four male Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups: (1) control group (Control) ? rats underwent exploratory laparotomy; (2) control + glutamine group (Control + G) ? rats were subjected to laparotomy and treated intraperitoneally with glutamine; (3) portal hypertension group (PPVL) ? rats were subjected to PPVL; and (4) PPVL+ glutamine group (PPVL + G) ? rats were treated intraperitoneally with glutamine during seven days. Local injuries were determined by evaluating intestinal segments for oxidative stress using lipid peroxidation, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), eNOS and iNOS after PPVL. Results: Lipid peroxidation of the membrane was increased in the animals subjected to PH (P 0.05). The activity of the antioxidant enzyme GTx was decreased in the gut of animals subjected to PH when compared with the control group of animals not subjected to PH (P 0.05). The mean area of eNOS staining for each of the control groups was similar. The PH group showed the largest area of staining for eNOS. The PPVL + G group had the second highest amount of staining, but the mean value was much lower than that of the PH group (P < 0.01). For iNOS, control (SO) and control + G (SO + G) groups showed similar areas of staining. The PH group contained the largest area of iNOS staining, followed by the PPVL + G group; however, this area was significantly smaller than that of the group that underwent PH without glutamine (P < 0.01). Conclusions: These results demonstrate that pretreatment with glutamine prevents mucosal injury and improves gut recovery after portal hypertension injury in rats.Objetivos: O objetivo principal do presente estudo foi avaliar a a??o da glutamina em ratos com hipertens?o portal (HP), submetidos ao modelo experimental de ligadura parcial da veia porta (LPVP). Os objetivos secund?rios foram: determinar a lipoperoxida??o no intestino atrav?s da t?cnica de subst?ncias reativas ao ?cido tiobarbit?rico (TBARS); avaliar a atividade de uma enzima antioxidante (glutationa peroxidase) no intestino; avaliar as altera??es histopatol?gicas, consequentes ? HP, no intestino; quantificar a express?o das enzimas ?xido n?trico sintase endotelial (eNOS) e ?xido n?trico sintase induz?vel (iNOS), pela t?cnica de imunoistoqu?mica. Material e M?todos: Ratos machos da ra?a Wistar foram mantidos em caixas pl?sticas, em ciclo de 12 horas claro/escuro, com ?gua e ra??o administradas ad libitum. Foram utilizados Vinte e quatro ratos divididos, de forma randomizada, em quatro grupos experimentais: (1) grupo controle (Controle) ? (Grupo submetido ? simula??o da cirurgia, e administra??o de ve?culo: cloreto de s?dio - NaCl); (2) grupo controle + glutamina (Glutamina) ? os ratos foram submetidos ? simula??o da cirurgia e administra??o da glutamina; (3) Hipertens?o portal (LPVP) ? os ratos foram submetidos ? LPVP e administra??o de ve?culo: NaCl; e (4) hipertens?o portal + glutamina (LPVP + G) - os ratos foram submetidos ? LPVP e administra??o de glutamina. As consequ?ncias da hipertens?o portal, no intestino, foram determinadas por meio da avalia??o dos segmentos de intestino delgado para o estresse oxidativo, atrav?s da lipoperoxida??o, da atividade da enzima glutationa peroxidase, da express?o das enzimas eNOS e iNOS, al?m da an?lise das altera??es histopatol?gicas ap?s a LPVP. Resultados: A lipoperoxida??o da membrana foi mais expressiva no grupo de animais submetidos ? LPVP (P 0,05). O grupo submetido ? LPVP apresentou mais altera??es da mucosa, quando comparado ao grupo que recebeu a glutamina durante os 7 dias seguintes ? LPVP e tamb?m aos grupos controles, por?m, estes achados n?o obtiveram signific?ncia estat?stica (P > 0,05). A atividade da enzima glutationa peroxidase estava diminu?da no intestino de animais submetidos ? LPVP, quando comparada a encontrada nos grupos controles sem a LPVP (P 0,05). A m?dia da ?rea, dosada atrav?s do m?todo de imunoistoqu?mica, da express?o da enzima eNOS para os grupos controles, foi similar. O grupo submetido ? LPVP mostrou a maior ?rea de concentra??o. O grupo LPVP + G foi o que teve a segunda maior ?rea, por?m com valores menores do que os encontrados no grupo do evento LPVP (P < 0,01). Para a enzima iNOS, os grupos controles, com e sem a glutamina, mostraram ?reas similares. O grupo da LPVP apresentou a maior ?rea de express?o da enzima, seguido pelo grupo LPVP + G por?m, esta ?rea foi significativamente menor do que a do grupo submetido ? LPVP sem a glutamina (P < 0,01). Conclus?es: Estes resultados demonstram que, o tratamento com glutamina, previne a les?o da mucosa do intestino, ap?s LPVP, em ratos

A a??o antioxidante da glutamina no tecido intestinal e pulmonar de ratos submetidos ? isquemia e reperfus?o mesent?rica

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:35:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 455935.pdf: 11635887 bytes, checksum: 0a9f28950e212538501de3a72ecfaa0c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-02Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate possible preventative effects of glutamine in an animal model of gut ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Materials and methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups: (1) control group (Control) rats underwent exploratory laparotomy; (2) control + glutamine group (Control-GLU) rats were subjected to laparotomy and treated intraperitoneally with glutamine 24 and 48 h prior to surgery; (3) ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R) rats were subjected to occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery for 30 min followed by 15 min of reperfusion; and (4) ischemia/reperfusion + glutamine group (G+I/R) rats were treated intraperitoneally with glutamine 24 and 48 h before I/R. Local and systemic injuries were determined by evaluating intestinal and lung segments for oxidative stress using lipid peroxidation and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-&#954;B) after mesenteric I/R. Results: The animals from the G+I/R group exhibited reduced levels of lipid peroxidation, IL-6 and NF-KB and increased SOD activity when compared with the group of rats submitted to I/R without GLU. The findings were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These results demonstrate that pretreatment with glutamine prevents mucosal injury and improves gut and lung recovery after I/R injury in rats.Objetivos: O objetivo principal do presente estudo foi avaliar a a??o antioxidante da glutamina no tecido intestinal e pulmonar de ratos submetidos ? isquemia e reperfus?o (I/R) mesent?rica. Os objetivos secund?rios foram: avaliar o estresse oxidativo e atividade inflamat?ria pela an?lise da lipoperoxida??o; avaliar a atividade de uma enzima antioxidante, a super?xido dismutase (SOD); determinar o papel do Fator de Transcri??o Nuclear Kappa B (NF-KB); e da interleucina 6 (IL-6). Material e M?todos: Ratos machos da ra?a Wistar foram mantidos em caixas pl?sticas, em ciclo de 12 horas claro/escuro, com ?gua e ra??o administradas ad libitum. Foram utilizados Vinte ratos divididos, de forma randomizada, em quatro grupos experimentais: (1) grupo controle (Controle) os ratos foram submetidos ? laparotomia exploradora; (2) grupo controle + glutamina (Controle-GLU) os ratos foram submetidos ? laparotomia e tratados, por via intraperitoneal, com glutamina 24h e 48h antes da cirurgia; (3) grupo isquemia/reperfus?o ( I/R ) os ratos foram submetidos a oclus?o da art?ria mesent?rica superior, durante 30 min seguido por 15 min de reperfus?o; e (4) grupo isquemia/reperfus?o + glutamina (G + I/R) - os ratos foram tratados, por via intraperitoneal, com glutamina 24h e 48h antes da I/R. As les?es locais e sist?micas foram determinadas por meio da avalia??o dos segmentos intestinais e pulmonares para o estresse oxidativo, atrav?s da lipoperoxida??o e da atividade da enzima SOD, a interleucina IL-6 e o NF-KB ap?s a I/R mesent?rica. Resultados: A lipoperoxida??o da membrana foi mais expressiva no grupo de animais submetidos ? I/R (p < 0.05). Entretanto, o grupo que recebeu a glutamina 24h e 48h antes do evento I/R, mostrou n?veis de lipoperoxida??o da membrana, de forma similar aos grupos controles (p < 0.05). A atividade da enzima antioxidante SOD estava diminu?da no intestino dos animais submetidos ? I/R, quando comparada a encontrada nos grupos controles sem a I/R (p < 0.05). Por outro lado, o grupo que recebeu a glutamina 24h e 48h antes da I/R, mostrou a atividade da SOD de forma similar a encontrada nos controles (com e sem a glutamina) (p < 0.05). A m?dia da ?rea, dosada atrav?s do m?todo de imunoistoqu?mica, de express?o do NF-KB para os grupos controles, foi similar. O grupo submetido ? I/R mostrou a maior ?rea de concentra??o do NF-KB. O grupo G + I/R foi o que teve a segunda maior ?rea, por?m com valores menores do que os encontrados no grupo do evento I/R (p < 0.05). Para a IL-6, os grupos controles, com e sem a glutamina, mostraram ?reas similares. O grupo da I/R apresentou a maior ?rea de express?o da IL-6, seguido pelo grupo G + I/R; por?m, esta ?rea foi significativamente menor do que a do grupo submetido ? I/R sem a glutamina (p < 0.05). Conclus?es: Estes resultados demonstram que, o pr?-tratamento com glutamina, previne a les?o da mucosa do intestino e dos pulm?es, ap?s I/R mesent?rica em ratos

Papiloduodenectomia como alternativa terapêutica para tumores papilares

The papiloduodenectomy is a procedure that, although accomplished rarely, has its validity in selected cases of papillary tumors. It is included in this group the patients with important diseases that doesn't have conditions of supporting the surgery of Whipple, the standard procedure for these pathologies. The authors review its experience with four patient carriers of malign neoplasia of the duodenal papila submitted to papiloduodenectomy. All the patients came jaundiced to the admission. The age varied of 62 to 82 years. The ultrassonography, the computed tomography and the endoscopy with biopsy were used for diagnosis and staging, and all the patients presented with initial stages (TI or T2). Two patients were classified as ASA3 and the other two as ASA4, according to the American Society of Anesthesiology. All the diagnoses were proven by the pathological exam of the surgical piece. It is ended that this procedure facilitates to obtain appropriate margins and satisfactory results when indicated of appropriate way

Carcinoma de pequenas células do esôfago

Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus is a rare tumor described to the first time by Mckeown in 1952. Clinically it is very similar to small cell carcinoma of the lung. with quick evolution and early dissemination.It is more frequent in men between 60 and 70 years of age. The patients usually have dysphagia and weight loss. Most of the tumours arise in the middle and distal third of the esophagus. Chronic alcohol and tobacco use are usually present. The manegement of primary small cell cancer of the esophagus remains controversial with groups reporting treatment based on operation alone, local radiotherapy, chemotherapyalone, or operation with adjuvant therapy. Overall survivel remains poor at a mean of 5.1 months, with the best rate of survivel in patients undergoing operation with adjuvant chemotherapy. The authors relate two cases of a small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Both of these patients was female and white, with 51 and 64 years old. The first mainestation was dysphagia and weight loss. Histologic study from endoscopic biopsies reveled the diagnosis. The treatment was, in the both cases surgery, however in one case, chemotherapy and mediastinal irradiation was associated to the ressection. The authors comment the more important aspects about this pathology and the treatment and survival of the patients