The Growth of Major League Soccer : Commentary, Analysis & Explanations from the Literature

As regular readers of this website might be aware, a significant strand of our research has been concerned with the FIFA World Cup, in particular aspects of its administration and management in recent(ish) history. Our 2018 paper ‘Opportunities for all the Team…’ published within The International Journal of the History of Sport (Gillett and Tennent, 2018) (and recently re-published as a chapter within a book: Tennent and Gillett, 2020) examined the 1966 and also the 1994 editions of the FIFA World Cup, and it is the latter which is the starting point for this article, which critically examines one sporting legacy of the event: Major League Soccer

Shadow Hybridity and the Institutional Logic of professional sport : Perpetuating a sporting business in times of rapid social and economic change

Purpose: Existing studies of the finance of English Association Football (soccer) have tended to focus on the sport’s early years, or on the post-1992 Premiership era. We examine a case from the turbulent 1980s charting the struggle for economic survival of one club in a rapidly changing financial, economic, political, and demographic landscape. Design/methodology/approach: We investigate the financial difficulties of a sport business, Middlesbrough Football and Athletic Company Limited (MFAC), examining the broader economic context, drawing on unseen archival sources dating from the 1980s to analyse the relationship between club, local and national government, and the regional economy. Findings: We examine not only the financial management of the football club but also analyse the interventionist role of the local authority in supporting the club which had symbolic value for the local community. Practical implications: This paper is relevant to policy makers interested in the provision of local sports facilities and the links between elite sport and participation. Originality/value: We show that professional sports clubs are driven by a different institutional logic to state organisations and our findings enable us to define these differences, thereby refining Thornton et al’s (2012) typology of institutional orders. Furthermore our case study highlights practices involving informal partnership between state and sport that we label shadow hybridity

First Host Plant Record for the Endemic Hawaiian Ambrosia Beetle Xyleborus pleiades Samuelson, 1981 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

Cheirodendron trigynum (Gaudich.) Heller (Araliaceae) is documented as the first reported host plant for the endemic Hawaiian ambrosia beetle species Xyleborus pleiades Samuelson, 1981, based upon our rearing of an adult beetle from host plant wood collected in the island of Molokai

MCS0007 - Written evidence provided to Digital, Media, Culture and Sport Committee's inquiry on major cultural and sporting events

This short report was prepared in response to the The DCMS Committee on Major cultural and sporting events call for evidence (https://committees.parliament.uk/call-for-evidence/447/major-cultural-and-sporting-events/). The authors have an established track record of historically informed longitudinal research on the topics of sport, finance, and public management., This includes books and articles about England’s successful history of hosting the FIFA World Cup and Olympic Games, including finance, operations, marketing, legacy and ‘populism’. We are active members of the British Academy of Management and are both employed full-time by University of York, part of the Russell Group of research-intensive UK universities

Clinical Evaluation of 11C-Met-Avid Pituitary Lesions Using a ZTE-Based AC Method

Pituitary tumours account for ~16% of central nervous system tumors and they are the second most frequently reported histology in this group. Due to their small size, pituitary surgery is challenging and precise lesion localization through imaging is therefore a critical factor for a successful outcome. Simultaneous positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging is well suited for lesion identification and localization but it requires accurate attenuation correction (AC) to ensure optimal positron emission imaging (PET) imaging. Atlas-based AC methods are often used for this purpose, as they overcome the difficulty of estimating bone tissue density with conventional MR sequences. However, atlas methods can only partially account for interpatient variability. The goal of this paper was to investigate whether direct bone measurement, by means of a zero echo time MR sequence, can significantly improve the accuracy of pituitary tumor imaging with PET

Modern imaging of pituitary adenomas.

Decision-making in pituitary disease is critically dependent on high quality imaging of the sella and parasellar region. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the investigation of choice and, for the majority of patients, combined T1 and T2 weighted sequences provide the information required to allow surgery, radiotherapy (RT) and/or medical therapy to be planned and long-term outcomes to be monitored. However, in some cases standard clinical MR sequences are indeterminate and additional information is needed to help inform the choice of therapy for a pituitary adenoma (PA). This article reviews current recommendations for imaging of PA, examines the potential added value that alternative MR sequences and/or CT can offer, and considers how the use of functional/molecular imaging might allow definitive treatment to be recommended for a subset of patients who would otherwise be deemed unsuitable for (further) surgery and/or RT.Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centr

Clinical application of autologous technetium-99m-labelled eosinophils to detect focal eosinophilic inflammation in the lung.

This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from the BMJ Group via http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207156The detection of focal eosinophilic inflammation by non-invasive means may aid the diagnosis and follow-up of a variety of pulmonary pathologies. All current methods of detection involve invasive sampling, which may be contraindicated or too high-risk to be performed safely. The use of injected autologous technetium-99m (Tc-99m)-labelled eosinophils coupled to single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) has been demonstrated to localise eosinophilic inflammation in the lungs of a patient with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive vasculitis. Here, we report on the utility of this technique to detect active eosinophilic inflammation in a patient with focal lung inflammation where a biopsy was contraindicated.The authors thank all the staff at the Department of Nuclear Medicine at Addenbrooke’s Hospital and the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Cambridge; Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre Core Biochemistry Assay Laboratory; and the National Institute for Health Research, through the Comprehensive Clinical Research Network. This work was supported by Asthma-UK [08/11], the Medical Research Council [grant number MR/J00345X/1], the Wellcome Trust [grant number 098351/Z/12/Z], and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre. Written informed consent was obtained in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by Cambridgeshire Research Ethics Committee (09/H0308/119) and the Administration of Radioactive Substances Advisory Committee of the United Kingdom (83/3130/25000)