A novel integration of a green power-to-ammonia to power system: Reversible solid oxide fuel cell for hydrogen and power production coupled with an ammonia synthesis unit

Renewable energy is a key solution in maintaining global warming below 2 °C. However, its intermittency necessitates the need for energy conversion technologies to meet demand when there are insufficient renewable energy resources. This study aims to tackle these challenges by thermo-electrochemical modelling and simulation of a reversible solid oxide fuel cell (RSOFC) and integration with the Haber Bosch process. The novelty of the proposed system is usage of nitrogen-rich fuel electrode exhaust gas for ammonia synthesis during fuel cell mode, which is usually combusted to prevent release of highly flammable hydrogen into the environment. RSOFC round-trip efficiencies of 41–53% have been attained when producing excess ammonia (144 kg NH3/hr) for the market and in-house consumption respectively. The designed system has the lowest reported ammonia electricity consumption of 6.4–8.21 kWh/kg NH3, power-to-hydrogen, power-to-ammonia, and power-generation efficiencies of 80%, 55–71% and, 64–66%

Thermo-economic analysis, optimisation and systematic integration of supercritical carbon dioxide cycle with sensible heat thermal energy storage for CSP application

Integration of thermal energy storage with concentrated solar power (CSP) plant aids in smoothing of the variable energy generation from renewable sources. Supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) cycles can reduce the levelised cost of electricity of a CSP plant through its higher efficiency and compact footprint compared to steam-Rankine cycles. This study systematically integrates nine sCO2 cycles including two novel configurations for CSP applications with a two-tank sensible heat storage system using a multi-objective optimisation. The performance of the sCO2 cycles is benchmarked against the thermal performance requirement of an ideal power cycle to reduce the plant overnight capital cost. The impacts of the compressor inlet temperature (CIT) and maximum turbine inlet temperature (TIT) on the cycle selection criteria are discussed. The influence of the cost function uncertainty on the selection of the optimal cycle is analysed using Monte-Carlo simulation. One of the novel cycle configurations (C8) proposed can reduce the overnight capital cost by 10.8% in comparison to a recompression Brayton cycle (C3) for a CIT of 55°C and TIT of 700°C. This work describes design guidelines facilitating the development/ selection of an optimal cycle for a CSP application integrated with two-tank thermal storage

A novel integration of a green power-to-ammonia to power system: Reversible solid oxide fuel cell for hydrogen and power production coupled with an ammonia synthesis unit

Renewable energy is a key solution in maintaining global warming below 2 °C. However, its intermittency necessitates the need for energy conversion technologies to meet demand when there are insufficient renewable energy resources. This study aims to tackle these challenges by thermo-electrochemical modelling and simulation of a reversible solid oxide fuel cell (RSOFC) and integration with the Haber Bosch process. The novelty of the proposed system is usage of nitrogen-rich fuel electrode exhaust gas for ammonia synthesis during fuel cell mode, which is usually combusted to prevent release of highly flammable hydrogen into the environment. RSOFC round-trip efficiencies of 41–53% have been attained when producing excess ammonia (144 kg NH3/hr) for the market and in-house consumption respectively. The designed system has the lowest reported ammonia electricity consumption of 6.4–8.21 kWh/kg NH3, power-to-hydrogen, power-to-ammonia, and power-generation efficiencies of 80%, 55–71% and, 64–66%

Supplementary information files for A novel integration of a green power-to-ammonia to power system: Reversible solid oxide fuel cell for hydrogen and power production coupled with an ammonia synthesis unit

Supplementary files for article A novel integration of a green power-to-ammonia to power system: Reversible solid oxide fuel cell for hydrogen and power production coupled with an ammonia synthesis unit.Renewable energy is a key solution in maintaining global warming below 2 °C. However, its intermittency necessitates the need for energy conversion technologies to meet demand when there are insufficient renewable energy resources. This study aims to tackle these challenges by thermo-electrochemical modelling and simulation of a reversible solid oxide fuel cell (RSOFC) and integration with the Haber Bosch process. The novelty of the proposed system is usage of nitrogen-rich fuel electrode exhaust gas for ammonia synthesis during fuel cell mode, which is usually combusted to prevent release of highly flammable hydrogen into the environment. RSOFC round-trip efficiencies of 41–53% have been attained when producing excess ammonia (144 kg NH3/hr) for the market and in-house consumption respectively. The designed system has the lowest reported ammonia electricity consumption of 6.4–8.21 kWh/kg NH3, power-to-hydrogen, power-to-ammonia, and power-generation efficiencies of 80%, 55–71% and, 64–66%.</div

Underlying data for the paper "Thermo-economic Analysis, Optimisation and Systematic Integration of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle with Sensible Heat Thermal Energy Storage for CSP Application"

Underlying data for the paper "Thermo-economic Analysis, Optimisation and Systematic Integration of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle with Sensible Heat Thermal Energy Storage for CSP Application"Biomass and Fossil Fuel Research Alliance (BF2RA), United Kingdom under grant 26-sCO2 for efficient power generatio