Water-based Electrically Conductive Ink from Carbon Nanomaterials

A stable, aqueous, carbon-nanomaterial (CNM) based ink can be prepared with the aid of surfactants.https://digitalcommons.mtech.edu/urp_aug_2018/1006/thumbnail.jp

Risk factors for acute organ failure in intensive care unit patients who receive respiratory support in the absence of non-respiratory organ failure: an international prospective cohort study

Abstract Introduction Many supposed low-risk intensive care unit (ICU) admissions develop acute organ failure (AOF). Identifying patients at high risk of developing AOF and targeting them with preventative strategies may be effective. Our study question was: in a population of ICU patients receiving positive pressure respiratory support (invasive or non-invasive) in the absence of non-respiratory AOF, what is the 14-day incidence of, risk factors for and time to acute organ failure? Methods In an international prospective cohort study, patients receiving positive pressure respiratory support (invasive or non-invasive) in the absence of non-respiratory AOF were enrolled and followed for 14 days. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of any AOF (defined as SOFA 3 to 4) during follow-up. Results A total of 123 of 766 screened patients (16.1%) were enrolled. Data are reported for 121 patients. In total, 45 out of 121 patients (37.2%) developed AOF. Mortality rates were higher in those with AOF: 17.8% versus 4.0% OR 5.11, P = 0.019) for ICU mortality; and 28.9% versus 11.8% (OR 2.80, P = 0.019) for hospital mortality. Median ICU length of stay was also longer in those with AOF (11 versus 3.0 days; P < 0.0001). Hypoxemic respiratory failure (P = 0.001) and cardiovascular dysfunction (that is, SOFA 1 to 2; P = 0.03) were associated with AOF. The median time to first AOF was two days. Conclusions Patients receiving positive (invasive or non-invasive) pressure respiratory support in the absence of non-respiratory AOF are commonly admitted to ICU; AOF is frequent in these patients. Organ failure developed within a short period after admission. Hypoxemic respiratory failure and cardiovascular dysfunction were strongly associated with AOF

Measurable Choice and the Invariant Subspace Problem

In [1], J. Dyer, A. Pedersen and P. Porcelli announced that an affirmative answer to the invariant subspace problem would imply that every reductive operator is normal. Their argument, outlined in [1], provides a striking application of direct integral theory. Moreover, this method leads to a general decomposition theory for reductive algebras which in turn illuminates the close relationship between the transitive and reductive algebra problems. The main purpose of the present note is to provide a short proof of the technical portion of [1] : that invariant subspaces for the direct integrands of a decomposable operator can be assembled in a measurable fashion . The general decomposition theory alluded to above will be developed elsewhere in a joint work with C. K. Fong, though we do present a summary of some of its consequences below

A note on reductive operators

A bounded linear operator A A on a Hilbert space is called reductive if every invariant subspace of A A reduces it. This paper gives examples of operators which give an affirmative answer to the reductive question: If A A is reductive, then is A A normal?</p