Valuable assets : a general formal investigation into the role and status of classroom assistants in Scotland's primary school

Based on the earlier pilot research conducted by SCER, the EOC instigated a General Formal Investigation (GFI) of the role and status of classroom assistants in Scotland's primary schools. As part of the GFI, SCER was commissioned to conduct a national survey of classroom assistants, teachers and head teachers. Primary data was generated from a Scotland-wide, large scale survey sent to over 1000 primary schools. Interviews were also conducted with Directors of Education and the Scottish Executive Education Department

Community drinking water fluoridation in the Southern Cape and Karoo Region: a feasibility study

Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)The prevalence of dental decay is high among lower socio-economic groups in the Southern Cape and Karoo region. 70 - 80% of State employed dentists' time in this region is spent on attempting to reduce the pain and sepsis within the communities for which the primary treatment modality is extraction of the tooth under emergency conditions. In developing countries the prevalence of dental decay is still high. There is a general downward trend of dental decay in developing countries; and it is associated with combinations of exposure to fluoridated water and/ or other forms of fluoride exposure (e.g. in fluoridated tooth paste), the provision of preventive oral health services, an increase in dental awareness through organized oral health education programs and the readily available dental resources. This study looked at the feasibility of implementing community water fluoridation in the Southern Cape and Karoo Region by describing the primary drinking water sources, the population distribution around these sources and the actual levels of fluoride found in the water samples. Each sample was coded and with the use of a global positioning system (GPS), a set of co-ordinates obtained for each. Other options with regard to fluoride supplementation were explored as an attempt to provide an alternative intervention option for exposure to fluoride where community drinking water fluoridation was not the first option. This information will be used to record and update existing tables for fluoride levels in community drinking water of the communities in the Southern Cape and Karoo region that is currently used as a guide for prescribing fluoride supplementation as a means of prophylaxis for the prevention and reduction of dental decay. This study re-iterated the diverse set of variables that communities living in rural areas have to live with. It supports the trend that in developing countries the DMFT (12 years) and dmft (6 years) are higher than those in the same age cohorts of developed countries. This study shows that the fluoride level in borehole water is generally higher than that of dams or reservoirs. Fluoride supplementation is required in the bigger, densely populated areas as the fluoride levels of the water in these areas are below optimal and their water systems can accommodate fluoridation. The long term gains of community water fluoridation at optimal levels for entire communities by far out way the risk of developing fluorosis at above optimal levels. There needs to be a systematic review of treatment needs and treatment modalities for each community so that at some point the need for prevention strategies will be sought out by program managers as best practice for improving the general health (i.e. and oral health) of their communities. There is no single approach for solving issues in communities with different sets of variables determining their needs and so too to the question of community water fluoridation. The recommendation is that at the community level (i.e. the communities should be empowered to do their own situational analysis and prioritize their needs) people need to make decisions for themselves with regard to the type of preventive strategy that they implement. Once they have the data and an intervention option is arrived at, they should lobby with their local health provider to implement that intervention option (e.g. Exposure to fluoride as a means of improving dental health) that they have identified in their towns or villages

The Accountant’s Role In Supporting A Legal Prosecution

This paper lays out a logical framework for the Accountant to assist a prosecutor in preparing a criminal case. It utilizes the example of an employee theft. It suggests analyzing what laws have been broken to establish an outline for the supporting documents. While the Accountant will likely understand the internal controls and employee training which will form the basis of the prosecution’s case, the lawyer will not be so familiar with the process. By laying out the legal case underpinned by the internal controls and procedures broken by the employee, the case will be better understood by both the prosecutor and the jury.

Valuable assets: phase 2 of a general formal investigation into the role and status of classroom assistants in Scotland's secondary and special schools

The aim of this research is to extend existing data by considering classroom assistants in secondary and special schools in Scotland. The research examines the work and employment of classroom assistants and in particular explores the reasons for any role stretch amongst this group

The administration of justice

Overview and analysis of the year's legal developments in the field of administration of justice. Includes references to legislation, cases and journal articles

Optimal Periodic Control: The pi Test Revisited

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57837/1/PeriodicControlTAC1980.pd

Candida albicans in Urinary Tract or in Seminal Sac

A case of urinary tract infection due to Candida albicans and responding to fluconazole is presente

The administration of justice

South Africa lost two Chief Justices in late 2012 and mid-2013. Arthur Chaskalson, who served as President of the Constitutional Court from 1994 to 2001 and Chief Justice from 2001 to 2005, passed away on 1 December 2012. Among many achievements and accolades, he was a member of the defence team in the Rivonia Trial of 1963 and was one of the founders of the Legal Resources Centre in 1979. (G Budlender 'In Memoriam: The late former Chief Justice Arthur Chaskalson' (2013) 26 part 1 April Advocate 8-10). Pius Nkonzo Langa succeeded Athur Chaskalson as Chief Justice in 2005, having served as Deputy Chief Justice from 2001. He retired in October 2009 and passed away on 24 July 2013. Justice Langa was a founding member of the National Association of Democratic Lawyers (NADEL). He was among the first judges appointed to the newly created Constitutional Court and served with great distinction. (Moseneke 'Public power on behalf of the people' (2013) 26 part 3 December Advocate 27-8)

High School Students\u27 Attitudes about Firearms Policies

Purpose: To examine high school students’ attitudes about firearm policies and to compare their attitudes with those of adults. Methods: The Hamilton Youth and Guns Poll is the first national survey of high school students about their attitudes concerning firearm policies. Questions were asked of 1005 sophomores, juniors, and seniors about their actual (i.e., direct) exposure (e.g., presence of a gun in the home) and about their social (i.e., indirect) exposure (e.g., whether the student could get a gun) to firearms and related violence. Population weights were applied, and multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between demographic and exposure variables and opinions about firearm policies. Results: Most high school students supported more restrictive firearm policies. Opinions varied little by demographic variables with the exception of gender. Females were significantly more supportive of most firearm policies. Actual exposure was a more consistent predictor than social exposure. Students living in a home with a gun, particularly a handgun, were less likely to support most restrictive gun policies. Conclusions: Most high school students in the United States favor stringent policies governing firearms. Adolescents\u27 attitudes about firearm policies parallel those of adults