1,354 research outputs found
Mixed State Entanglement of Assistance and the Generalized Concurrence
We consider the maximum bipartite entanglement that can be distilled from a
single copy of a multipartite mixed entangled state, where we focus mostly on
-dimensional tripartite mixed states. We show that this {\em
assisted entanglement}, when measured in terms of the generalized concurrence
(named G-concurrence) is (tightly) bounded by an entanglement monotone, which
we call the G-concurrence of assistance. The G-concurrence is one of the
possible generalizations of the concurrence to higher dimensions, and for pure
bipartite states it measures the {\em geometric mean} of the Schmidt numbers.
For a large (non-trivial) class of -dimensional mixed states, we are
able to generalize Wootters formula for the concurrence into lower and upper
bounds on the G-concurrence. Moreover, we have found an explicit formula for
the G-concurrence of assistance that generalizes the expression for the
concurrence of assistance for a large class of dimensional
tripartite pure states.Comment: 7 page
Family of Concurrence Monotones and its Applications
We extend the definition of concurrence into a family of entanglement
monotones, which we call concurrence monotones. We discuss their properties and
advantages as computational manageable measures of entanglement, and show that
for pure bipartite states all measures of entanglement can be written as
functions of the concurrence monotones. We then show that the concurrence
monotones provide bounds on quantum information tasks. As an example, we
discuss their applications to remote entanglement distributions (RED) such as
entanglement swapping and remote preparation of bipartite entangled states
(RPBES). We prove a powerful theorem which states what kind of (possibly mixed)
bipartite states or distributions of bipartite states can not be remotely
prepared. The theorem establishes an upper bound on the amount of
-concurrence (one member in the concurrence family) that can be created
between two single-qudit nodes of quantum networks by means of tripartite RED.
For pure bipartite states the bound on the -concurrence can always be
saturated by RPBES.Comment: 8 page
Flavor Alignment via Shining in RS
We present a class of warped extra dimensional models whose flavor violating
interactions are much suppressed compared to the usual anarchic case due to
flavor alignment. Such suppression can be achieved in models where part of the
global flavor symmetry is gauged in the bulk and broken in a controlled manner.
We show that the bulk masses can be aligned with the down type Yukawa couplings
by an appropriate choice of bulk flavon field representations and TeV brane
dynamics. This alignment could reduce the flavor violating effects to levels
which allow for a Kaluza-Klein scale as low as 2-3 TeV, making the model
observable at the LHC. However, the up-type Yukawa couplings on the IR brane,
which are bounded from below by recent bounds on CP violation in the D system,
induce flavor misalignment radiatively. Off-diagonal down-type Yukawa couplings
and kinetic mixings for the down quarks are both consequences of this effect.
These radiative Yukawa corrections can be reduced by raising the flavon VEV on
the IR brane (at the price of some moderate tuning), or by extending the Higgs
sector. The flavor changing effects from the radiatively induced Yukawa mixing
terms are at around the current upper experimental bounds. We also show the
generic bounds on UV-brane induced flavor violating effects, and comment on
possible additional flavor violations from bulk flavor gauge bosons and the
bulk Yukawa scalars.Comment: 28 page
Mini Z' Burst from Relic Supernova Neutrinos and Late Neutrino Masses
In models in which neutrinos are light, due to a low scale of symmetry
breaking, additional light bosons are generically present. We show that the
interaction between diffuse relic supernova neutrinos (RSN) and the cosmic
background neutrinos, via exchange of these light scalars, can result in a
dramatic change of the supernova (SN) neutrinos flux. Measurement of this
effect with current or future experiments can provide a spectacular direct
evidence for the low scale models. We demonstrate how the observation of
neutrinos from SN1987A constrains the symmetry breaking scale of the above
models. We also discuss how current and future experiments may confirm or
further constrain the above models, either by detecting the ``accumulative
resonance'' that diffuse RSN go through or via a large suppression of the flux
of neutrinos from nearby < O(Mpc) SN bursts.Comment: 24 pages, 8 figures, version to be published in JHE
Implications of the CP asymmetry in semileptonic B decay
Recent experimental searches for , the CP asymmetry in semileptonic B
decay, have reached an accuracy of order one percent. Consequently, they give
meaningful constraints on new physics. We find that cancellations between the
Standard Model (SM) and new physics contributions to mixing
cannot be as strong as was allowed prior to these measurements. The predictions
for this asymmetry within the SM and within models of minimal flavor violation
(MFV) are below the reach of present and near future measurements. Including
order and corrections we obtain the SM
prediction: . Future
measurements can exclude not only the SM, but MFV as well, if the sign of the
asymmetry is opposite to the SM or if it is same-sign but much enhanced. We
also comment on the CP asymmetry in semileptonic decay, and update the
range of the angle in the SM: .Comment: 16 pages, a sign typo in eq.(11) fixed, to appear in Phys. Rev.
Striped instability of a holographic Fermi-like liquid
We consider a holographic description of a system of strongly-coupled
fermions in 2+1 dimensions based on a D7-brane probe in the background of
D3-branes. The black hole embedding represents a Fermi-like liquid. We study
the excitations of the Fermi liquid system. Above a critical density which
depends on the temperature, the system becomes unstable towards an
inhomogeneous modulated phase which is similar to a charge density and spin
wave state. The essence of this instability can be effectively described by a
Maxwell-axion theory with a background electric field. We also consider the
fate of zero sound at non-zero temperature.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures; v2: added discussion and one figure. Typos
correcte
Flavor Structure of Warped Extra Dimension Models
We recently showed, in hep-ph/0406101, that warped extra dimensional models
with bulk custodial symmetry and few TeV KK masses lead to striking signals at
-factories. In this paper, using a spurion analysis, we systematically study
the flavor structure of models that belong to the above class. In particular we
find that the profiles of the zero modes, which are similar in all these
models, essentially control the underlying flavor structure. This implies that
our results are robust and model independent in this class of models. We
discuss in detail the origin of the signals in B-physics. We also briefly study
other NP signatures that arise in rare K decays (), in rare
top decays [] and the possibilty of CP asymmetries
in decays to CP eigenstates such as and others. Finally we
demonstrate that with light KK masses, TeV, the above class of models
with anarchic Yukawas has a ``CP problem'' since contributions to the
neutron electric dipole moment are roughly 20 times larger than the current
experimental bound. Using AdS/CFT correspondence, these extra-dimensional
models are dual to a purely 4D strongly coupled conformal Higgs sector thus
enhancing their appeal.Comment: 41 pages, 52 pages including appendice
Hadrons in the Nuclear Medium
Quantum Chromodynamics, the microscopic theory of strong interactions, has
not yet been applied to the calculation of nuclear wave functions. However, it
certainly provokes a number of specific questions and suggests the existence of
novel phenomena in nuclear physics which are not part of the the traditional
framework of the meson-nucleon description of nuclei. Many of these phenomena
are related to high nuclear densities and the role of color in nucleonic
interactions. Quantum fluctuations in the spatial separation between nucleons
may lead to local high density configurations of cold nuclear matter in nuclei,
up to four times larger than typical nuclear densities. We argue here that
experiments utilizing the higher energies available upon completion of the
Jefferson Laboratory energy upgrade will be able to probe the quark-gluon
structure of such high density configurations and therefore elucidate the
fundamental nature of nuclear matter. We review three key experimental
programs: quasi-elastic electro-disintegration of light nuclei, deep inelastic
scattering from nuclei at , and the measurement of tagged structure
functions. These interrelated programs are all aimed at the exploration of the
quark structure of high density nuclear configurations.
The study of the QCD dynamics of elementary hard processes is another
important research direction and nuclei provide a unique avenue to explore
these dynamics. We argue that the use of nuclear targets and large values of
momentum transfer at would allow us to determine whether the physics of the
nucleon form factors is dominated by spatially small configurations of three
quarks.Comment: 52 pages IOP style LaTex file and 20 eps figure
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