Prenatally programmed hypertension: role of maternal diabetes

Epidemiological and experimental studies have led to the hypothesis of the fetal origin of adult diseases, suggesting that some adult diseases might be determined before birth by altered fetal development. Maternal diabetes subjects the fetus to an adverse environment that has been demonstrated to result in metabolic, cardiovascular and renal impairment in the offspring. The growing amount of obesity in young females in developed and some developing countries should contribute to increasing the incidence of diabetes among pregnant women. In this review, we discuss how renal and extrarenal mechanisms participate in the genesis of hypertension induced by a diabetic status during fetal development.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Fisiologia Disciplina Fisiologia Renal e TermometabologiaUNIFESP, Depto. de Fisiologia Disciplina Fisiologia Renal e TermometabologiaSciEL

Effect of thyroparathyroidectomy on urinary acidification in diabetic rats

In previous studies we have shown stimulation of renal acid excretion in the proximal tubules of rats with diabetes of short duration, with no important alterations in glomerular hemodynamics; on the other hand, in thyroparathyroidectomized rats (TPTX model), a significant decrease in renal acid excretion, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) was detected. Since important changes in the parathyroid hormone-vitamin D-Ca axis are observed in the diabetic state, the present study was undertaken to investigate the renal repercussions of thyroparathyroidectomy in rats previously made diabetic by streptozotocin (45 mg/kg). Four to 6 days after the induction of diabetes (DM), a group of rats were thyroparathyroidectomized (DM + TPTX). Renal functional parameters were evaluated by measuring the inulin and sodium para-aminohippurate clearance on the tenth day. The decrease in the GFR and RPF observed in TPTX was not reversed by diabetes since the same alterations were observed in DM + TPTX. Net acid (NA) excretion was unchanged in DM (6.19 ± 0.54), decreased in TPTX (3.76 ± 0.25) and returned to normal levels in DM + TPTX (5.54 ± 0.72) when compared to the control group (6.34 ± 0.14 µmol min-1 kg-1). The results suggest that PTH plays an important vasodilator role regarding glomerular hemodynamics, since in its absence the impairment in GFR and RPF was not reversed by the diabetic state. However, with respect to acid excretion, the presence of diabetes was able to overcome the negative stimulus represented by TPTX.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPSciEL

Effects of dietary lipids on renal function of aged rats

Normal aging is accompanied by renal functional and morphological deterioration and dietetic manipulation has been used to delay this age-related decline. We examined the effects of chronic administration of diets containing 5% lipid-enriched diet (LD, w/w) on renal function of rats at different ages. Three types of LD were tested: canola oil, fish oil and butter. Mean systemic tail-cuff blood pressure and glycemia remained within the normal range whatever the age and the diet of the animals. Proteinuria began to rise from the 8th month in the groups ingesting LD, while in the control group it increased significantly (above 10 mg/24 h) only after the 10th month. With age, a significant and progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow was observed in the LD groups but after 6 months of lipid supplementation, the decline in these parameters was more marked in the butter and fish oil groups. By the 18th month, the lowest GFR level was observed in the group ingesting the butter diet (2.93 ± 0.22 vs 5.01 ± 0.21 ml min-1 kg-1 in control, P<0.05). Net acid excretion, evaluated in 9- and 18-month-old rats, was stimulated in the fish oil group when compared both to control and to the other two LD groups. These results suggest that even low levels of LD in a chronic nutritional regimen can modify the age-related changes in renal function and that the impact of different types of lipid-supplemented diets on renal function depends on the kind of lipid present in the diet.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Disciplina de Fisiologia Renal e TermometabologiaUNIFESP, EPM, Disciplina de Fisiologia Renal e TermometabologiaSciEL

REDUCTION in INFLAMMATORY MARKERS EXPRESSION in SERUM IS RELATED TO IMPROVEMENT in RENAL FUNCTIONS in INTRAUTERINE UNDERNOURISHED RATS

Univ São Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Physiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biol Sci, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Nephrol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Physiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biol Sci, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Nephrol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

THE INFLUENCE of MATERNAL DIABETES ON the EXPRESSION of INFLAMMATORY MARKERS in the OFFSPRING

Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, BrazilUniv São Paulo, BR-05508 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Intrauterine undernutrition - renal and vascular origin of hypertension

A large number of clinical and experimental studies supports the hypothesis that intrauterine undernutrition is an important determinant of hypertension, coronary heart disease and non-insulin-dependent diabetes in the adult offspring. in this review, the renal and vascular repercussions of maternal undernutrition are emphasized, and the physiopatologic mechanisms discussed. the origin of hypertension is detailed based upon the findings of kidney functional parameters and endothelium function studies. A working model linking hypertension to intrauterine undernutrition is proposed. (C) 2003 European Society of Cardiology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Univ São Paulo, ICB 1, Dept Farmacol, Lab Hipertensao, BR-05508900 São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Nefrotoxicidade e acidificação tubular renal: alguns modelos fisiopatológicos

BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertaçõe