23 research outputs found
Neutrino-nucleus reactions on ^{12}C and ^{16}O
Exclusive and inclusive cross-sections and
-capture rates are calculated for ^{12}C and ^{16}O using the consistent
random phase approximation (RPA) and pairing model. After a pairing correction
is introduced to the RPA results the flux-averaged theoretical cross-sections and -capture rates in C are
in good agreement with experiment. In particular when one takes into account
the experimental error bars, the recently measured range of values for the
cross-section is in agreement with the present theoretical
results. Predictions of and cross-sections in
^{16}O are also presented.Comment: 13 pages, Revte
Shell-model calculations of neutrino scattering from 12C
Neutrino reaction cross-sections, , ,
-capture and photoabsorption rates on C are computed within a
large-basis shell-model framework, which included excitations up to
. When ground-state correlations are included with an open
-shell the predictions of the calculations are in reasonable agreement with
most of the experimental results for these reactions. Woods-Saxon radial wave
functions are used, with their asymptotic forms matched to the experimental
separation energies for bound states, and matched to a binding energy of 0.01
MeV for unbound states. For comparison purposes, some results are given for
harmonic oscillator radial functions. Closest agreement between theory and
experiment is achieved with unrestricted shell-model configurations and
Woods-Saxon radial functions. We obtain for the neutrino-absorption inclusive
cross sections: cm for the
decay-in-flight flux in agreement with the LSND datum of
cm; and cm for the decay-at-rest flux, less than the
experimental result of cm.Comment: 19 pages. ReVTeX. No figure
Induced pseudoscalar coupling of the proton weak interaction
The induced pseudoscalar coupling is the least well known of the weak
coupling constants of the proton's charged--current interaction. Its size is
dictated by chiral symmetry arguments, and its measurement represents an
important test of quantum chromodynamics at low energies. During the past
decade a large body of new data relevant to the coupling has been
accumulated. This data includes measurements of radiative and non radiative
muon capture on targets ranging from hydrogen and few--nucleon systems to
complex nuclei. Herein the authors review the theoretical underpinnings of
, the experimental studies of , and the procedures and uncertainties
in extracting the coupling from data. Current puzzles are highlighted and
future opportunities are discussed.Comment: 58 pages, Latex, Revtex4, prepared for Reviews of Modern Physic
Integrative and comparative genomic analyses identify clinically relevant pulmonary carcinoid groups and unveil the supra-carcinoids
International audienceThe worldwide incidence of pulmonary carcinoids is increasing, but little is known about their molecular characteristics. Through machine learning and multi-omics factor analysis, we compare and contrast the genomic profiles of 116 pulmonary carcinoids (including 35 atypical), 75 large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNEC), and 66 small-cell lung cancers. Here we report that the integrative analyses on 257 lung neuroendocrine neoplasms stratify atypical carcinoids into two prognostic groups with a 10-year overall survival of 88% and 27%, respectively. We identify therapeutically relevant molecular groups of pulmonary car-cinoids, suggesting DLL3 and the immune system as candidate therapeutic targets; we confirm the value of OTP expression levels for the prognosis and diagnosis of these diseases, and we unveil the group of supra-carcinoids. This group comprises samples with carcinoid-like morphology yet the molecular and clinical features of the deadly LCNEC, further supporting the previously proposed molecular link between the low-and high-grade lung neuroendocrine neoplasms
Impaired accumulation and function of memory CD4 T cells in human IL-12 receptor β1 deficiency
Defects in IL-12 production or IL-12 responsiveness result in a vulnerability to infection with non-viral intracellular organisms, but the immunological mechanisms responsible for this susceptibility remain poorly understood. We present an immunological analysis of a patient with disseminated Salmonella enteritidis and a homozygous splice acceptor mutation in the IL-12Rβ1-chain gene. This mutation resulted in the absence of IL-12Rβ1 protein on PBMC and an inability of T cells to specifically bind IL-12 or produce IFN-γ in response to either IL-12 or IL-23. The accumulation of memory (CD45R0high) CD4 T cells that were CCR7high (putative central memory cells) was normal or increased for age. Central memory CD4 T cells of the patient and age-matched controls were similar in having a low to undetectable capacity to produce IFN-γ after polyclonal stimulation. In contrast, the patient had a substantial decrease in the number of CCR7neg/dull CD45R0high memory CD4 T cells (putative effector memory cells), and these differed from control cells in having a minimal ability to produce IFN-γ after polyclonal stimulation. Importantly, tetanus toxoid-specific IFN-γ production by PBMC from the patient was also significantly reduced compared with that in age-matched controls, indicating that signaling via the IL-12Rβ1-chain is generally necessary for the in vivo accumulation of human memory CD4 T cells with Th1 function. These results are also consistent with a model in which the IL-12Rβ1 subunit is necessary for the conversion of central memory CD4 T cells into effector memory cells.link_to_subscribed_fulltex