Missed opportunities in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children

In 52% of children with confirmed and probable tuberculosis the diagnosis could have been made earlier than it was. The main clinical clues which should have led to suspicion of tuberculosis were close adult contacts and previous recurrent respiratory tract infections

Platelet distribution in rabbits following infusion of liposomes

This investigation determined the organ distribution of liposomes containing egg phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol with egg phosphatidylglycerol (PG liposomes) or without (PC liposomes) and the effect of each liposome on platelet distribution in rabbits. Eight minutes after 51chromium-labelled platelets were given intravenously, either saline (n = 7), iodinated PG liposomes (n = 5) or iodinated PC liposomes (n = 5) were infused. Two minutes later the organ distribution of 51Cr-platelets and 125I-liposomes were compared. The PG liposomes produced a 41 ± 5% reduction in circulating platelet counts while PC liposomes did not. The PG liposomes decreased circulating 51Cr-platelets by a factor of 2 and increased platelet recoveries in the liver and lungs. The increased platelet recovery in the liver was associated with a greater PG liposome recovery. When animals receiving PG liposomes were studied over 60 minutes, both the labelled and unlabelled platelet counts returned to control values by 30 minutes and the 51Cr-platelet distribution between organs was similar to control values. These data indicate that platelets and PG liposomes initially sequester together and that this platelet-liposome interaction is specific for PG liposomes. However, the platelet sequestration is transient and by 60 minutes the platelets were released and circulating

Childhood tuberculosis mainstreamed into National Tuberculosis Programs

[No abstract available]Editoria

The fourth I: Scaling up implementation of collaborative TB-HIV activities to protect vulnerable mothers and infants

[No abstract available]Editoria

Scoring systems for the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis: Are we making progress?

[No abstract available]Editoria

Pneumonia in ventilated babies in an emerging country: Clinical features, aetiology and short-term outcome

Forty-four babies (<6 months) with pneumonia admitted for ventilation to a paediatric ICU serving a low-income community, were studied. Twenty-three per cent had been ventilated during the neonatal period and three had bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The median duration of symptoms was 1.5 days; 45 per cent presented with apnoea. Five babies (11 per cent) died. Blood cultures were positive in six children (14 per cent). Viruses were cultured in 13 children (30 per cent).Articl

Supplying quality-assured child-friendly anti-tuberculosis drugs to children

[No abstract available]Editoria

Children dying from pneumonia: Are we doing enough?

[No abstract available]Editoria

Not all children with nodular interstitial lung patterns in South Africa have TB-A rare case of paediatric "bird fanciers' disease"

Bird Fancier's disease is an allergic alveolitis that is rare in children. We describe the relevance of adequate history for making the diagnosis in children and the difficulty distinguishing this entity on chest radiographs and CT from imaging patterns caused by infections such as tuberculosis and HIV in developing countries. Pediatr.© 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Articl

Kaposi sarcoma with upper airway obstruction and bilateral chylothoraces

A3-year-old boy infected with HIV presented with progressive dyspnea and upper airway obstruction necessitating airway stenting. Chest radiography revealed bilateral alveolar opacification and chylothoraces. Postmortem examination confirmed disseminated Kaposi sarcoma with infiltration of the thoracic duct.Articl