Evaluation of Antihypertensive Effect of Aqueous Methanol Extract of Caralluma tuberculata N.E.Br in Sprauge Dawley Rats

Purpose: To evaluate the phytochemical profile and antihypertensive effect of Caralluma tuberculata N.E.Br (AMECT).Methods: The antihypertensive effect of the aqueous methanol extract of (AMECT) was evaluated in both normotensive and hypertensive rats. In normotensive rats, various doses (100, 300 and 500 mg/kg body weight, p.o.) were administered at 0, 1, 3 and 6 hr intervals. Anti-hypertensive activity of the crude extract was investigated in three experimental hypertensive models, viz, egg-fed diet, glucose-induced and cadmium-induced hypertensive rats. Cardiovascular parameters, including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean blood pressure (MBP) and heart rate (HR) were measured by tail cuff method using non-invasive blood pressure apparatus (NIBP) attached. AMECT was also investigated for its phytochemical profile.Results: The results indicate that AMECT produced a dose-dependent, significant (p < 0.05) decrease in SBP, DBP, MBP, and HR (p < 0.01) of normotensive rats, when compared to control groups, at all test doses. The 500 mg/kg dose produced a highly significant effect (mm Hg, p < 0.001) in SBP (85.9 ± 7.2), DBP (71.86 ± 12.1), MBP (75.1 ± 11.7) and HR (238.08 ± 8.3 beats/min), in comparison to 100 and 300 mg/kg doses; therefore, 500 mg/kg was selected for antihypertensive test in egg-fed, glucose-induced and cadmium-treated hypertensive rats. Significant (p < 0.05) antihypertensive and negative chronotropic effects were observed in hypertensive models compared to their respective normal controls. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, cardiac glycosides and flavonoids.Conclusion: The findings indicate that Caralluma tuberculata possesses significant anti-hypentensive activity in rats.Keywords: Phytochemical profile, Antihypertensive, Cardiovascular, Caralluma tuberculata N.E.Br, Blood pressur

ROBUST FEATURE MATCHING IN TERRESTRIAL IMAGE SEQUENCES

From the last decade, the feature detection, description and matching techniques are most commonly exploited in various photogrammetric and computer vision applications, which includes: 3D reconstruction of scenes, image stitching for panoramic creation, image classification, or object recognition etc. However, in terrestrial imagery of urban scenes contains various issues, which include duplicate and identical structures (i.e. repeated windows and doors) that cause the problem in feature matching phase and ultimately lead to failure of results specially in case of camera pose and scene structure estimation. In this paper, we will address the issue related to ambiguous feature matching in urban environment due to repeating patterns

Impact of Co2+ on the spectral, optoelectrical, and dielectric properties of Mg0.25Ni0.25Cu0.5−xCoxFe1.97La0.03O4 ferrites prepared via sol–gel auto-combustion route

Spinel ferrites are attaining huge importance in the modern era, due to their incredible properties, which means they are widely used in various fields. Therefore, in this paper a cost-effective and environmentally friendly preparation of Mg0.25Ni0.25Cu0.5−xCoxFe1.97La0.03O4 (x = 0.0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, and 0.5) ferrites via the sol–gel auto-combustion method were carried out. How the structural and functional properties varied with the Cu to Co ratio was studied. It was found that the crystallite size (D) was reduced from 47.2 to 27.6 nm as the Co2+ increased from x = 0.0 to 0.5. While the two major absorption bands including the higher frequency band (υ1) and lower frequency band (υ2) lie in the range of 573.80–538.65 cm−1 and 470.37–405.65 cm−1 belong to the spinel matrix. Five active Raman modes were found in the range of wave number 200–800 cm−1 corresponds to the sublattices of the spinel structure. The optical bandgap increased from 0.85 eV to 1.33 eV for x = 0.0 to x = 0.25 and then observed optical band gap was 1.15 eV and 1.46 eV for x = 0.375 to x = 0.5. The resistivity (ρ) was minimum for Co2+ concentration x = 0.25 at low temperature, while at high temperature the resistivity (ρ) was maximum for Co2+ doping x = 0.25. The temperature coefficient of resistance percentage (TCR %) was −2.66%/K at 513 K for x = 0.25, as shown in the graphical abstract. At lower frequencies, the impedance was observed maximum for Co2+ doping x = 0.125 and minimum for x = 0.375. These findings indicate that the as-prepared ferrites are a potential candidate for optoelectrical and bolometric devices

Impact of Ni2+ on the structural, optical, electrical, and dielectric properties of Cu0.25Co0.25Mg0.5-xNixCe0.03Fe1.97O4 spinel ferrites synthesized via sol-gel auto combustion (SGAC) route

The sol–gel auto-combustion (SGAC) route was used to prepare the Cu0.25Co0.25Mg0.5-xNixCe0.03Fe1.97O4 [Ni-CCMCF] (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5 with the step interval of 0.125) spinel ferrites (SFs). The formation of a single-phase spinel matrix was observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Moreover, the sharp peaks of XRD spectra confirmed the high crystallinity of the as-prepared spinel ferrites. The crystallite size (D) was reduced from (57.33–10.51) ± 0.05 nm and for the pure CCMCF sample, the specific surface area was 20.36 m2/g. The variation absorption bands at tetrahedral and octahedral sites along five Raman modes in Raman spectra were also confirmed in the spinel matrix of the Ni-CCMCF samples. The optical bandgap increased from 0.87 eV to 1.68 eV was observed with the replacement of dopant ions. Furthermore, the minimum resistivity was observed both in Ferro and para regions for the pure CCMCF sample. The tangent loss and dielectric constant were reduced, but ac conductivity was enhanced with increasing frequency and all the dielectric parameters have a minimum value for pure the CCMCF sample. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the successful incorporation of Ni2+ in the CCMCF sample. Therefore, due to the low tangent loss, the pure CCMCF sample will be used for high resonant frequency applications

Six decades of glacier mass changes around Mt. Everest revealed by historical and contemporary images (dataset)

Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and glacier extent shapefiles used to derive geodetic mass balance estimates

Six decades of glacier mass changes around Mt. Everest revealed by historical and contemporary images (dataset)

Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and glacier extent shapefiles used to derive geodetic mass balance estimates

Gold Nanorods for Doxorubicin Delivery: Numerical Analysis of Electric Field Enhancement, Optical Properties and Drug Loading/Releasing Efficiency

The optical properties and electric field enhancement of gold nanorods for different cases were investigated in this study. The numerical analysis was carried out to understand the functionality and working of gold nanorods, while the experimental portion of the work was focused on the efficiency of gold nanorods for targeted drug delivery. COMSOL Multiphysics was used for numerical analysis. The theoretical results suggest the use of gold nanorods (AuNRs) for anticancer applications. The resonance peaks for gold nanorods of 10 nm diameter were observed at 560 nm. The resonance peaks shifted towards longer wavelengths with an increase in nanorod size. The resonance peaks showed a shift of 140 nm with a change in nanorod length from 25 to 45 nm. On the experimental side, 22 nm, 35 nm and 47 nm long gold nanorods were produced using the seed-mediated growth method. The surface morphology of the nanorods, as well as their optical characteristics, were characterized. Later, gold nanorods were applied to the targeted delivery of the doxorubicin drug. Gold nanorods showed better efficiency for doxorubicin drug loading time, release time, loading temperature, and release temperature. These results reveal that AuNRs@DA possess good ability to load and deliver the drug directly to the tumorous cells since these cells show high temperature and acidity