InP aperture coupled patch antenna for millimeter-wave/photonic integrated circuits

A printed antenna is presented that is realized on an Indium Phosphide wafer. The antenna uses aperture coupling between a CPW feed line and a parasitic patch, with the substrates layers in a hi-lo configuration. The antenna exhibits a measured impedance bandwidth of 12%, and a gain of 6±2 dBi within this bandwidth. Applications for this efficient, broadband InP based antenna include MMIC and OEIC systems and sub-systems

Millimetre-wave InP antenna for monolithic integration

A printed antenna realised on an indium phosphide wafer is presented. The antenna provides an efficient, broadband antenna solution for MMIC/OEIC systems and subsystems, The antenna is based on an aperture coupled patch architecture with the substrates layers in a hi-lo configuration. Measured results exhibit an impedance bandwidth of around 12% for VSWR < 2, and a gain of 8 dBi

Low Q2Q^2 proton structure function, using gluon and pseudoscalar meson clouds in the constituent quark framework

The idea of the meson cloud approach in the chiral quark model has been extended to include gluon cloud in order to achieve the parton densities in the nucleon, based on the constitute quark framework. The splitting function of the quark to the quark-meson and quark-gluon at low $Q^2$ value are used to obtain parton densities in the constituent quark. The phenomenological constituent model is employed to extract the parton distributions in the proton at low $Q^2$ value. Since we have access to the parton densities at low $Q^2$, we are able to obtain $F_{2}(x,Q^2)$ structure function at low $Q^2$ value. The result is in good agreement with available experimental data and some theoretical models. To confirm the validity of our calculations, the fraction of total momentum of proton which is carried by gluon at high $Q^2$ and also the Gottfried sum rule are computed. The results are in good agreement with what are expected.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure

Comparison of marital conflict dimensions between substance dependence patients: Shishe, Crack, Opioids.

زمینه و هدف: رضایت از رابطه زناشویی عامل مهمی در استحکام و حفظ بهداشت روانی خانواده است. یکی از عوامل موثر در تجربه رضایت مندی از رابطه زناشویی و افزایش کیفیت زندگی و بهداشت روان در خانواده وجود یا عدم تعارضات شدید زناشویی بوده و تعارضات زناشویی یکی از مشکلات شایع در بیماران وابسته به مواد می باشد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی مقایسه ای تعارضات زناشویی در سه گروه سوء مصرف کننده شیشه، کراک و تریاک انجام شده است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی 70 نفر از بیماران مبتلا به وابستگی به مواد (16 نفر تریاک، 18 نفر کراک و 17 نفر شیشه) مراجعه کننده به کلینیک اعصاب و روان اصفهان (کلینیک پارسه) و بخش ترک اعتیاد بیمارستان حضرت علی اصغر(ع) اصفهان به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. تعارضات زناشویی در بیماران با استفاده از مقیاس شیوه های تعارض در اختلافات زناشویی اشتراوس ( CTS-II ) بررسی و با 19 نفر در گروه کنترل مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. داده ها به کمک آزمون های آماری آنالیز واریانس چند متغیره و آزمون تعقیبی شفه تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته ها: بین نمرات گروه ها در نمره کل و نیز در تمامی خرده مقیاس های خشونت روانی، خشونت جسمانی، آزار کلامی، آزار جنسی و آسیب اختلاف معنی داری وجود داشت (05/0 P< ). وابستگان به شیشه در تمامی خرده مقیاس ها، میانگین نمرات بالاتری نسبت به گروه کنترل و نیز گروه وابسته به تریاک نشان می دادند (05/0 P< ). تفاوت بین نمرات افراد وابسته به کراک و شیشه فقط در خرده مقیاس خشونت جسمانی معنی دار بود (05/0 P< ). نتیجه گیری: به نظر می رسد درمان مشکلات زناشویی در این بیماران و آموزش شیوه های موثر کنترل خشم، آموزش ارتباط جنسی سالم، آموزش حل تعارض و حل مساله نقش مهمی در افزایش رضایتمندی و به دنبال آن افزایش حمایت های خانوادگی و کاهش تعارضات و نارضایتی از روابط زناشویی ایفا خواهد کرد

Multi-channel vector sum phase shifter

A novel multichannel vector sum phase shifter that is suitable for phased array antenna applications is demonstrated. Each channel is implemented using a distinct optical wavelength. Selective control of each channel is performed using an acousto-optic polarization coupler. The concept is successfully demonstrated for two individually controlled channels. For each channel, a continuously variable frequency linear phase shift is demonstrated between DC and 7 GHz, with the phasing range exceeding 100 degrees

A varactor tuned branch-line hybrid coupler

This paper introduces a novel branch-line 90° hybrid coupler incorporating varactor diodes which allow tuning of the frequency response. A design covering the DCS, PCS and IMT2000 cellular frequency bands (1710-2170 MHz) is presented. Given a varactor tunability of 2.5:1, simulations suggest 20 dB return loss and 3±1 dB coupling is achievable across each transmit and receive sub-band by tuning the varactors. These results offer an improvement over a conventional single-section branch-line hybrid centred at 1950 MHz, and some miniaturisation is also achieved due to the capacitive loading. A prototype is constructed using commercially available varactor diodes, and reasonable agreement between the measured and simulated results is achieved

Electronically tunable lumped element 90° hybrid coupler

A method for tuning the centre frequency of a 3 dB hybrid coupler using varactor diodes is presented. The circuit is suitable for recon-figurable or multifunction transceivers that switch between several narrow frequency bands. A prototype covering the PCS, DCS and IMT2000 cellular bands (1710-2170 MHz) is demonstrated

Barium strontium titanate thin films on r-plane sapphire

This paper presents the microwave properties of barium strontium titanate (BST) thin films on r-plane sapphire substrates. A series of films with thickness 25-400 nm was prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Microwave properties of the films, including capacitance tunability and loss tangent, were extracted by patterning interdigitated capacitors (IDCs) on the film surface. The highest tunability of 64% was observed in the 200 nm film. These results demonstrate the possibility of integrating BST into the silicon on sapphire process

Direct measurements of the magnetocaloric effect in pulsed magnetic fields: The example of the Heusler alloy Ni50_{50}Mn35_{35}In15_{15}

We have studied the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in the shape-memory Heusler alloy Ni$_{50}$Mn$_{35}$In$_{15}$ by direct measurements in pulsed magnetic fields up to 6 and 20 T. The results in 6 T are compared with data obtained from heat-capacity experiments. We find a saturation of the inverse MCE, related to the first-order martensitic transition, with a maximum adiabatic temperature change of $\Delta T_{ad} = -7$ K at 250 K and a conventional field-dependent MCE near the second-order ferromagnetic transition in the austenitic phase. The pulsed magnetic field data allow for an analysis of the temperature response of the sample to the magnetic field on a time scale of $\sim 10$ to 100 ms which is on the order of typical operation frequencies (10 to 100 Hz) of magnetocaloric cooling devices. Our results disclose that in shape-memory alloys the different contributions to the MCE and hysteresis effects around the martensitic transition have to be carefully considered for future cooling applications.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure