The Effect of the Combined Chemical, Bio and Vermicomposting Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Vicia Faba L.

In order to evaluate the effect of combined of chemical, bio and vermicomposting fertilizers on faba bean yield in Gilan province, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in the city of Rasht in 2013. Treatments nitrogen fertilizer in three levels (zero, 50 and 100 kg per hectare), phosphorus fertilizer in three levels (zero, 50 and 100 kg per hectare), bio-fertilizer combination of Bacillus and Pseudomonas and without application of vermicomposting with two levels including Zero and 7 tons per hectare were considered for the study. The results showed that grain protein percentage was significantly affected by the interaction of nitrogen fertilizers × phosphor × vermicomposting× organic fertilizer and other traits affected by the interaction of biological nitrogen ×fertilizer × phosphorus and nitrogen. Means comparison showed that 100 kg of nitrogen per hectare, 100 kg phosphorus with the use of bio-fertilizer and vermicomposting increased grain yield and yield components. The  seed yield of 100 kg N ha interaction was the highest in 100 kg of phosphorus per hectare (6243 kg/h) and the lowest in control (507 kg/h). Also, in interaction at phosphorus fertilizer bio-fertilizer, the seed yield of 100 kg of phosphorus by using bio-fertilizer (5497 kg/h) was observed and the interaction N × vermicomposting was observed at the highest grain yield at 100 kg nitrogen by the use of vermicomposting (5455 kg/h). The highest amounts of protein in treatment were in 100 kg N, 100 kg of phosphorus fertilizer with organic fertilizer usage and application of vermicomposting 7 tons per hectare (31.43 percent). In general, the results can be expected that the use of bio-fertilizers and vermicomposting can provide part of the required plant food

Evaluation of Yield, Quantity and Quality Traits in intercropping of Peppermint (Mentha Piperita L.) and Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum - graceum L.) under Different Planting Dates

In order to investigate the effect of different planting dates on yield, quantity and quality traits in replacement intercropping system of peppermint and fenugreek, a field experiment was conducted as split-plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications, in University of Guilan, during growing season of 2015 - 2016. The experimental treatments were planting dates in three levels (October 2, February 29 and April 29) assigned to main plots and planting systems in five levels (sole cropping of peppermint, sole cropping of  fenugreek and replacement intercropping peppermint- fenugreek with ratios 1:1, 2:2 and 2:1 (two rows of fenugreek: one row of peppermint) as sub plot. The results showed that yield of both crops were higher in sole cropping in comparison intercropping systems. The highest land equivalent ratio (LER) was obtained in 1:1 intercropping ratio. Grain yield of fenugreek in 29 February and 29 April in comparison to autumn planting date 23% and 47% were decreased respectively, and its biological yield 15% and 32% were declined. Also in these planting dates, peppermint leaf dry weight 48% and 57 % was decreased. The highest essential oil percent of both crops was achieved from planting date of February 29 and 1:1 intercropping ratio interaction. The highest essential oil yield of both crops was obtained from autumn planting date and their sole cropping. The planting dates had no significant effect on total chlorophyll of peppermint. In general, in this study, autumn planting date improved quantity and quality traits and intercropping advantages

The Effect of the Combined Chemical, Bio and Vermicomposting Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Vicia Faba L.

In order to evaluate the effect of combined of chemical, bio and vermicomposting fertilizers on faba bean yield in Gilan province, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in the city of Rasht in 2013. Treatments nitrogen fertilizer in three levels (zero, 50 and 100 kg per hectare), phosphorus fertilizer in three levels (zero, 50 and 100 kg per hectare), bio-fertilizer combination of Bacillus and Pseudomonas and without application of vermicomposting with two levels including Zero and 7 tons per hectare were considered for the study. The results showed that grain protein percentage was significantly affected by the interaction of nitrogen fertilizers × phosphor × vermicomposting× organic fertilizer and other traits affected by the interaction of biological nitrogen ×fertilizer × phosphorus and nitrogen. Means comparison showed that 100 kg of nitrogen per hectare, 100 kg phosphorus with the use of bio-fertilizer and vermicomposting increased grain yield and yield components. The  seed yield of 100 kg N ha interaction was the highest in 100 kg of phosphorus per hectare (6243 kg/h) and the lowest in control (507 kg/h). Also, in interaction at phosphorus fertilizer bio-fertilizer, the seed yield of 100 kg of phosphorus by using bio-fertilizer (5497 kg/h) was observed and the interaction N × vermicomposting was observed at the highest grain yield at 100 kg nitrogen by the use of vermicomposting (5455 kg/h). The highest amounts of protein in treatment were in 100 kg N, 100 kg of phosphorus fertilizer with organic fertilizer usage and application of vermicomposting 7 tons per hectare (31.43 percent). In general, the results can be expected that the use of bio-fertilizers and vermicomposting can provide part of the required plant food

Response of Grain Yield and Yield Components of Triticale to Sowing Date and Plant Density

In order to study of sowing date and plant density on Triticale (Tritico secale), a field experiment was carried out under dry farming in the Rice Research Institute of Iran, during 2008-2009. The experiment was conducted as a RCBD based split-plot design with three replications. Experimental treatments included: Four sowing date (Sept. 21, Oct. 1, Oct. 10, and Oct. 20) as main plot and four plant density (275, 350, 425 and 500 plant/m2 ) composed of as sub plots, respectively. Results indicated that plant density was significant effect on tiller number/plant. The highest number (13.6 tiller/ plant) was obtained in 275 plant/m2 seed density. The results showed, spike length and plant dry matter was affected only by sowing date. The highest dry matter and the longest spike were produced on Sep. 21. Result of the experiment revealed that grain yield, spike number per plant and harvest index significantly affected by sowing date× plant density interaction. However, planting 500 plant/m2 in Sept. 21 resulted to highest (5863 Kg ha-1) grain yield and 275 plant/m2 seed in Oct. 21 resulted the lowest (3351.08 Kg ha-1)