Experimental Investigation on 3D Flow around a Single T-Shaped Spur Dike in a Bend

The flow field around a T-shaped spur dike located in a 90° bend is investigated experimentally. The three-dimensional Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) was used for measuring the flow field. The comparison of the three dimensional components of velocity was made in different sections of the bend and the differences of the flow pattern along the bend was analyzed. The observations showed the significant effect of the spur dike on the secondary flow patterns. Some horizontal vortices with a counter-clock-wise direction were also observed in the up and down stream of the spur dike near the outer bank of the bend. In addition, the vortices and reverse flows in the up and down stream of the spur dike, the changes of the secondary flow and vorticity are also addressed in this study

Scour formation due to simultaneous circular impinging jet and wall jet

Experiments involving both a circular wall jet and an impinging jet were conducted, as occurring at irrigation control structures or at dams with combined crest and low-level spillways. The effects of the non-dimensional parameters on the scour hole dimensions have been investigated. It was found that the effect of the expansion ratio of the channel width to the jet diameter is negligible for values larger than 22.5 and 35, depending on the experimental conditions. The scour depth decreases with increasing tailwater depth and the horizontal distance between the impinging jet and the origin of the wall jet. The scour length and the distance between the end of the ridge and the wall jet origin increase with decreasing densimetric Froude number of the impinging jet. The opposite trend occurs for decreasing densimetric Froude number of the wall jet. An empirical relationship for estimating the scour depth due to the simultaneous jet action is given

Experimental study of head shape effects on shear stress distribution around a single groyne

River hydrodynamicsInteraction with structure