Faktor penentu pembayaran zakat perniagaan di Kedah

Despite the continuous increase in annual zakat collection, the business zakat from Muslim entrepreneurs remains low. Among others, it is due to the doubtfulness on the zakat institution’s management of the funds. This study intended to determine the trust and commitment level of the Muslim sole-proprietors and partnerships towards the zakat institution based on four main objectives. First, to examine the factors that influences their commitment in paying zakat at the institution. Secondly, to determine the factors that influences their trust towards zakat institution. Thirdly, to test the effect of communication on the non-material benefits amongst the Muslim entrepreneurs. Finally, to ascertain the non-material benefits’ role as a mediating factor between trust and commitment. The discussion throughout was based on the commitment-trust theory. A total of 191 questionnaires were analyzed to test the hypotheses using the multivariate analysis and the PLS-SEM application. Trust was identified as the sole factor that influences the commitment towards zakat payment at the zakat institution. Shared values, non-opportunistic behaviour, board of directors’ composition, zakat distribution perception and political tendency significantly influenced their trust of the zakat institution. However, communication did not significantly influence their non-material benefits. Finally, non-material benefit was confirmed as the partially mediating variable between trust and commitment of Muslim entrepreneurs’ zakat payment at the institution. This study contributes to the literature by enriching discussions on the trust and commitment towards the zakat institution. Thus, understanding of the trust and commitment towards the zakat institution can be improved since the findings are based on empirical evidence. The implications to the theory are in terms of the usage of the commitment-trust theory in the zakat environment. These findings also contribute by recommending significant factors in enhancing the trust and commitment of Muslim entrepreneurs in paying business zakat at the zakat institution

A preliminary study on fraud prevention and detection at the state and local government entities in Malaysia

This study examines the occurrence of fraud and identifies the prevention programs in place at the State and Local Government entities in Malaysia. Issues related to fraud are of interest due to the frequent coverage by the media which has affected public confidence.The findings suggest that fraud is a significant problem, and the main causes of fraud are poor management practices and economic pressure. Interestingly, the study finds that, in most cases, management did not take firm action against the culprits when they were caught and found guilty. Most fraud incidents were discovered through the internal audit review, employee notification and accidental discovery.The findings also reveal that most of these entities did not have effective policies and procedures for dealing with fraud

A Conceptual Framework for Examining Trust towards Zakat Institution

This paper aims to propose a research conceptual framework for examining trust towards zakat institution amongst Moslem business owners. An extensive literature review method was utilized to identify and analyze the relevant literatures in order to propose the framework. This paper identified four factors that influence the trust, namely, shared values, communication, non-opportunistic behaviour and perception on distribution. Theoretical and practical implications of the paper as well as suggestions for future research were also discussed. Keywords: Zakat, Trust, Business, Conceptual Framework JEL Classification: L0

Internal audit in the federal organizations of Malaysia: Is there light at the end of the long dark tunnel?

Internal audit is supposed to help members of organizations to improve their business activities.But the findings from in-depth interviews with internal auditors from a total of 40 federal government ministries, departments and agencies in Malaysia, conducted in the middle of 2004, have revealed a number of serious shortcomings. Most notable of these shortcomings are that many internal audit units have a shortage of staff, and that the audit staff lack internal audit skills.In addition, a majority of the audit units still employ outdated audit practices, and have failed to get the right level of support and assistance from the Treasury.Worse still, their operational effectiveness and efficiency is threatened by the high-handed conduct of the National Audit Department which arbitrarily and unilaterally shuffles staff between the body and internal audit units.With national and pubic sector surrounding leaving much to be desired for in regard to transparency and public accountability of the major actors and the fact that Malaysia is a large power distance society, it may not be too far fetch to expect the internal audit quagmire to continue to take place into the foreseeable future

Elemen-elemen model tadbir urus koperasi di Malaysia

Sumbangan sektor koperasi di Malaysia kepada Keluaran Dalam Negara Kasar (KDNK) negara masih berada pada tahap yang tidak memuaskan. Beberapa laporan menyatakan KDNK negara hanya dicapai antara 3% hingga 4% sehingga 31 Disember 2019 berbanding dengan sasaran 10% seperti yang ditetapkan dalam Dasar Koperasi Negara (DKN) 2011-2020. Berdasarkan DKN 2011-2020, salah satu pencapaian yang menyumbang kepada peningkatan KDNK adalah kawal selia dan tadbir urus baik. Strategi pencapaian yang sama diteruskan dalam cadangan teras strategik keempat DKN 2021-2030 iaitu mewujudkan kawal selia yang berkesan. Oleh itu, bagi merungkai permasalahan kajian, objektif kajian adalah mengenalpasti elemen-elemen model tadbir urus koperasi berdasarkan kepada garis panduan tadbir urus koperasi di Malaysia dan menyiasat kesan model tadbir urus koperasi berpandukan garis panduan tadbir urus koperasi terhadap prestasi koperasi di Malaysia. Kajian ini akan menggunakan kaedah penyelidikan kuantitatif untuk mencapai objektif yang telah ditetapkan iaitu teknik soalselidik dan analisis kandungan. Pengesahan model kerangka kerja kajian akan dijalankan menggunakan teknik analisis kuantitatif menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Jangkaan output kajian adalah Model Tadbir Urus Koperasi yang boleh dirujuk oleh Kementerian Pembangunan Usahawan dan Koperasi (MEDAC) dan agensi kerajaan seperti Suruhanjaya Koperasi Malaysia (SKM), Institut Koperasi Malaysia serta koperasi-koperasi. Hasil signifikan kajian ini dijangka boleh memberi input kepada pihak SKM berkaitan elemen-elemen tadbir urus koperasi yang baik serta dapat dijadikan sebagai maklumat tambahan untuk disebarluaskan kepada koperasi-koperasi di Malaysia. Peningkatan pencapaian tadbir urus koperasi dijangka dapat menyumbang kepada peningkatan perolehan koperasi yang seterusnya mencapai sasaran sumbangan kepada KDNK negara

Knowledge of auditors' existing duties among Malaysian accounting undergraduates

Knowledge on auditors' existing duties is important for its contribution towards reducing the audit expectation gap (AEG).AEG is critical to the auditing profession because the greater the gap from the point of a society, the lower is the credibility, earnings potential and prestige associated with the work of auditors.Previous studies suggest that the AEG can be narrowed by either a reduction in society’s expectations or an improvement in their perceived performance of auditors.It is significant to investigate the accounting students’ knowledge on auditors because majority of them, after graduating, will either join the public practices (auditor) or commercial organisation (financial statements user).The knowledge on auditors’ existing duties that students acquired at university will help the user of financial statements in particular, to better understand the duties of auditors.This study aims; firstly, to investigate the adequacy of knowledge on the auditors’ duties as defined by the Malaysian legislations and Malaysian Approved Standards on Auditing among Malaysian accounting students; and secondly, to determine any significant difference of such knowledge between those students who had and those who had not undergone the internship in audit firms.A questionnaire survey is distributed to 800 accounting students of public and private universities in Malaysia.It is found that students, on overall, have a sufficient knowledge on the auditors’ existing duties.Also, there is no significant difference on the knowledge of auditors’ existing duties between students who had undergone internship in audit firms and students who had not.The contributions of this paper are two-prongs.First, this is the first paper that determined the knowledge on the auditors’ existing duties among accounting students in the Malaysian universities.Second, this paper helps in identifying the area of auditors’ existing duties that accounting students are lacking