Continuous Riesz bases in Hilbert C*-modules

The paper is devoted to continuous frames and Riesz bases in Hilbert C*-modules. we define a continuous Riesz basis for Hilbert C*-modules and give some results about them.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2208.0679

Exact Continuous frames in Hilbert C*-modules

In the present paper, we investigate some properties of duals of continuous frames in Hilbert C*-modules. In particular, we give requirements so that by removing some elements of a continuous frame, it does not remain a continuous frame and when the remaining set still remains a continuous frame.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2208.14012, arXiv:2208.0679

Adaptability in youth: components, predictors, and consequences

There has been an extensive amount of research on human defence and coping mechanisms. This body of work spans evolutionary and coping perspectives, as well as work on cognitive appraisal, self-regulation, resilience and buoyancy. Relative to the body of work addressing adversity (e.g., coping, resilience, buoyancy, hardiness), little research has investigated the range of personal resources individuals may use as they seek to navigate uncertainty and novelty. Adaptability is a recently developed construct that aims to extend current research and knowledge with regards to the regulation and adjustment of cognition, behaviour, and emotion relevant to situational uncertainty and novelty. Given this, the present investigation proposes an integrative process model that assesses the relative roles of socio-demographic and ability covariates, personality and other dispositional presage factors, and adaptability (and buoyancy as a cognate correlate) in predicting psychological well-being outcomes such as life satisfaction and self-esteem. Students from nine Australian high schools in years 7 through 12 participated in this study. Time1 (N = 2,731 students) data were collected in the middle of the academic year and Time 2 (N = 2,292 students) data were collected one year later (resulting in a longitudinal sample, N = 969 students). Using confirmatory factor analysis, key psychometric findings demonstrated sound factor structure of adaptability itself, and also within the context of the study’s broader multidimensional instrumentation. Structural equation modelling (SEM) supported the hypothesised adaptability process model at Time 1, such that: (a) prior achievement, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, entity and incremental beliefs (positively) and neuroticism (negatively) predicted adaptability and (b) adaptability positively predicted general self-esteem, satisfaction with life, and meaning and purpose. Time 2 analyses showed: (a) non-English speaking background, prior achievement, extraversion, conscientiousness and incremental beliefs predicted adaptability (positively), and neuroticism (negatively) predicted adaptability and (b) adaptability positively predicted general self-esteem, satisfaction with life and meaning and purpose. Importantly, longitudinal SEM demonstrated that Time 1 factors positively predicted their corresponding Time 2 factors and the majority of predictive paths at Time 2 remained significant after controlling for shared variance with Time 1 counterparts. Findings from this research hold implications for the theoretical understanding of adaptability, where it resides in the context of cognate theories and factors, and for educational practice and research relating to how young people navigate situational uncertainty and novelty

Continuous frames in Hilbert C*-modules

In the present paper the notion of continuous frames is introduced and some results of these frames are proved. Next, we give the concept of duals of continuous frames in Hilbert C*-modules and investigate some properties of them

Assessment of the Knowledge of General Dentists Practicing in Tehran about Timing of Orthodontic Treatment

Objective: The ideal time to commence orthodontic treatment is very important. In Iran, due to the widely distributed population and low number and uneven distribution of orthodontists, general dental practitioners (GDPs) play an important role in proper treatment of occlusal and functional disorders and referring orthodontic patients to orthodontists. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of GDPs about the proper timing of orthodontic treatment in comparison with orthodontists practicing in Tehran.Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on GDPs and orthodontists practicing in Tehran, who were selected by random sampling. The questionnaire used in this survey asked for demographic information including age, sex, academic degree, work place and work experience and contained questions concerning the knowledge of clinicians regarding the proper time to commence treatment for the most common types of occlusal disorders, functional disorders, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders and other orthodontic problems. The answers of both groups of participants were assessed based on the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system (ABO OGS). Results: The results of ANOVA showed that the two groups were significantly different in terms of age (p<0.05), sex, academic degree (p<0.001), and place of work (private office, private clinic, governmental clinic) (p<0.05). The results of comparison of GDPs and orthodontists for the proper time of initiation of orthodontic treatment for occlusal, functional and TMJ disorders showed that the GDPs had significantly less knowledge in this regard.Conclusion: Because of low level of knowledge of GDPs about the ideal time to commence orthodontic treatment, further training regarding diagnosis of malocclusion in primary and mixed dentition periods, etiology of malocclusion, recognition of normal occlusion and normal dental relationships as well as the proper time to start orthodontic treatment for each type of disorder seems necessar

Job profile and infection control of dental assistants in Tehran, Iran

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate background and job characteristics of dental assistants in Iran and to assess their knowledge and practice about infection control. Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted on a sample of dental assistants in Tehran. The participants answered an online questionnaire including demographic (age, gender, marital status, and the highest educational attainment) and job related (years in practice, income, working hours, job related educational course and certificate, knowledge and practice regarding infection control) questions. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the background characteristics and job profile of dental assistants in Iran and to assess their knowledge and practice regarding infection control.   Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of dental assistants in Tehran, Iran. The participants completed an online questionnaire, including demographic (age, sex, marital status, and the highest level of educational attainment) and job-related (years of practice, income, working hours, job-related educational course and certificate, and knowledge and practice related to infection control) information. Results A total of 386 dental assistants completed the questionnaires. The mean age of the assistants was 29.27±6.8 years, and 96% of them were female. Overall, 56-68% of the respondents reported <5 years of working experience, worked 30-80 hours per week with a monthly salary of nearly $80-100, and completed an educational course on dental assistance. Nearly one-third of the participants reported high satisfaction with their job, and less than 10% of them were satisfied with their salary. The assistants had adequate knowledge about most aspects of infection control. Nearly 40% of them reported no education on infection control, and 35-45% declared that they usually sterilized dental rotary instruments using disinfectants, but not autoclaving. Almost 60% of the assistants reported complete vaccination before entering their job. Conclusion Dental assistants in Iran are rather young, highly educated women with a relatively high workload, but low job satisfaction. Their professional knowledge and performance were deficient in some aspects, reflecting inadequacies in their education. Delivery of efficient dental services with high standards requires qualified dental personnel with formal academic education based on an efficient credentialing system

Perceived Barriers of Mothers in Use of Dental Floss for their 3-6-Year-Old Children:A Qualitative Study

Introduction:Flossing is the best and most common way to clean between teeth where plaque accumulation and gingivitis starts. However, many mothers neglect the flossing of their small children. The purpose of this study was to provide better understanding of perceived barriers of mothers in use of dental floss for their 3-6-year-old children. Method:This qualitative study examined the perceived barriers of 40 mothers of 3-6-year-old childrenutilizing qualitative content analysis approach. Participants were selected using purposeful sampling in Kamyaran, Iran, in 2014. Data were collected through conducting in-depth, semi-structured interviews. The transcriptions of all interviews were analyzed by content analysis technique to extract main themes in regards to research questions. Results:Mothers’ perceived barriers were categorized into two main groups as mother and family member-related barriers (inappropriate attitudes, behaviors and skills, mental and emotional conditions, and knowledge) and child-related barriers (skill). Conclusion:The results of this study highlight the importance of understanding mothers’ barriers to help their children in flossing and emphasized the role of mothers and family members in establishing this oral health behavior in children fromearly years. It is suggested that comprehensive and effective oral health education programs should include modifying wrong, but important, assumptions and beliefs of parents regarding primary teeth and importance of healthy oral health behaviors. Keywords: Mothers’ perceived barriers, Dental floss, 3-6-year-old children, Qualitative researc

Mothers’ perceived barriers in the control of sweets consumption in 3-6 years old children; a qualitative study

Background and Aims: Consumption of sweets (snack foods) is one of the most important risk factors associated with dental decay. Children have a great interest in using snack foods. Most children, however, are disadvantaged of taking appropriate action by their parents to control their nutritional behaviors, because of various reasons. This study aimed to explore mothers’ perceived barriers in the control of sweets consumption by their children. Materials and Methods: The present qualitative study consisting of 40 mothers having 3-6 years old children was performed on Kamyaran residents in 2014 to evaluate their attitudes towards barriers in the control of sweets consumption. Participants were selected based on purposeful sampling and semi-structured interviews were exploited in order to data gathering. Transcriptions of all interviews were analyzed employing content analysis technique to extract main themes according to research questions. Before each interview mothers were informed regarding aim of research, interview style, freedom to leave the interview and the way interview content would be kept private.Results: The data analyzed suggests that it was possible to categorize mothers’ perceived barriers into three main themes including a) mother related barriers (lack of knowledge and inappropriate attitude), b) child related barriers (emotional status and inappropriate behavior) and c) family related barriers (culture and behavior of family members). Conclusion: It is hoped that the present research will broaden our understanding of perceived barriers of mothers which could be utilized for future quantitative researches and dental health educational programs.Key words: Perceived Barriers, Sweets Consumption, Dental Carie

Smoking and Substance Abuse among Medical Students in Iran

Objectives Drug abuse is a critical health problem in human societies. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of drug abuse among students in a medical university in Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed in 2016 on a convenient sample of 800 undergraduate students in a medical university in Tehran, Iran. Data were gathered by means of a self-administered questionnaire inquiring the students’ age, gender, marital status, home city, living status, smoking, and drug abuse including history, frequency and type. Statistical analyses were performed by the Chi-square test and logistic regression models.  Results The mean age of the respondents was 23.5 years; 67% were males, and 70% were single. Totally, 15% of the students reported cigarette smoking and ≤ 6% used other drugs. The frequency of substance abuse by male students was significantly higher than that by female students (P<0.01). Alcohol consumption was reported by 7% of the students, and had a significantly higher frequency among females (P=0.02). Older students, those spending their free time alone, and those without a job had higher frequency of drug abuse (P≤0.001). Conclusion Prevalence of drug abuse was low among medical students evaluated in this study, and most of them reported no smoking. Some demographic and lifestyle factors may predispose students to smoking and drug abuse. Provision of preventive programs including surveillance, consultation and treatment will help university students avoid such risky behaviors