ANALISIS DIMENSI SALURAN PARIT TOKAYA DI JALAN PURNAMA KOTA PONTIANAK

Banjir yang melanda Jalan Purnama kota Pontianak merupakan banjir yang disebabkan oleh meluapnya Parit Tokaya karena tingginya curah hujan dengan durasi yang cukup lama, ketidakmampuan saluran dalam menampung air dalam jumlah banyak sehingga air meluap dan menuju ke permukiman di sekitar jalan Purnama. Peristiwa banjir ini menyebabkan kerugian harta benda serta dapat membuat aktivitas atau kegiatan perekonomian di sekitar jalan Purnama menjadi terhambat atau juga dapat menimbulkan berbagai macam jenis penyakit yang berasal dari bencana banjir. Untuk menangani permasalahan ini, maka penulis memutuskan untuk melakukan penelitian yang berjudul “Mitigasi Banjir di Jalan Purnama Kota Pontianak”. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan kajian pustaka untuk menelaah berbagai teori dan melakukan survey awal untuk mengetahui titik-titik lokasi penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Data primer dikumpulkan dengan cara melakukan pengukuran pasang surut, kecepatan aliran, potongan memanjang dan melintang saluran sedangkan data sekunder yang dikumpulkan berupa peta lokasi, topografi dan data curah hujan. Data yang diperoleh kemudia diolah dengan dilakukan analisa secara hidrologi dan hidrometri. Analisa hidrologi menghasilkan debit banjir maksimum pada periode ulang 2 tahun, 5 tahun dan 10 tahun yaitu sebesar 1,307 m3/det, 1,515 m3/det, dan 1,624 m3/det yang terjadi pada STA 1943, sedangkan analisa hidrolika yang dilakukan menghasilkan dimensi saluran rencana yang dibuat dengan acuan debit maksimum periode ulang 10 tahun, kecepatan aliran , dan debit aliran di Parit Tokaya

Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study an international prospective cohort study

We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care. We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care