13 research outputs found
A Data-Driven Policy for Addressing Deployability Issue of FMM FRPs: Resources Qualification and Deliverability
Intensified netload uncertainty and variability led to the concept of a new
market product, flexible ramping product (FRP). The main goal of FRP is to
enhance the generation dispatch flexibility inside real-time (RT) markets to
mitigate energy imbalances due to ramp capability shortage. Generally, the FRP
requirements are based on system-wide or proxy requirements, so the effect of
FRP awards on the transmission line constraints is not considered. This can
lead to FRP deployability issues in RT operation. This paper proposes a new FRP
design based on a datadriven policy incorporating ramping response factor sets
to address FRP deployability issue. First, a data-mining algorithm is performed
to predict the ramp-qualified generators to create the data-driven policy.
Then, the FRP awards are assigned to these units while considering effects of
post-deployment of FRPs on the transmission line limits. Finally, the proposed
data-driven policy is tested against proxy policy through an out-of-sample
validation phase that (i) mimics the RT operation of the CAISO, and (ii)
represents the expensive ad-hoc actions needed for procuring additional ramping
capability to follow realized netload changes. The results show the
effectiveness of the proposed data-driven policy from reliability and economic
points of vie
Optimal Scheduling of Distributed Energy Resources Considering Volt-VAr Controller of PV Smart Inverters
This paper proposes an operational scheduling model of distributed energy
resources (DERs) and PV smart inverters with Volt-VAr controller using an
accurate AC optimal power flow (ACOPF) in an unbalanced distribution network. A
mathematical mixed-integer model of local Volt-VAr droop controller of the
distributed mixed-phase PV smart inverters is proposed based on the IEEE
1547-2018 standard and is incorporated in the unbalanced ACOPF, which enables
effective utilization of the Volt-VAr controllers to not only alleviate voltage
issues locally but also at the feeder level. The proposed model is tested on
two actual snapshots of a distribution feeder in Arizona. Also, the proposed
operational scheduling method considering the Volt-VAr droop controller of PV
smart inverters is compared with a recent work in scheduling of the PV smart
inverters. The results illustrate that the PV smart inverters dispatches
obtained by the proposed model can be practically implemented by local
controller of inverters.Comment: In proceedings of the 11th Bulk Power Systems Dynamics and Control
Symposium (IREP 2022), July 25-30, 2022, Banff, Canad